Phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of three Ericaceae from Algeria

International audienceHerbs of the Ericaceae family are commonly found in Algeria and used in traditional medicine as antiseptic, diuretic, astringent, depurative, and to treat scalds and wounds. The methanolic extracts of three species, Arbutus unedo L. (A. unedo, leaves), Erica arborea L. (E. arborea, flowered aerial parts), and Erica multiflora L. (E. multiflora, flowered aerial parts), were compared regarding their content in phenolic compounds, their antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. A. unedo harbors the highest content in total phenolics and flavonoids, followed by E. arboreaE. multiflora. The contents in total phenolics and flavonoids showed a correlation with the measured antioxidant (hydrogen-donating) activities; this was particularly the case for flavonoids content. The A. unedo extract showed antibacterial activity against all the tested strains (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, S. aureus C100459, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027); however, the E. arborea and E. multiflora extracts showed antibacterial activity only against Gram positive bacteria. Some polyphenols were identified in the three herbs by thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array and mass spectrometry detection; from these, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, naringin, quercetin and kaempferol are reported for the first time in E. multiflora

Phenolic composition, in vitro antioxidant effects and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of three Algerian Mentha species: M. spicata (L.), M. pulegium (L.) and M. rotundifolia (L.) Huds (Lamiaceae)

International audienceThe leaves of three Mentha species harvested in Algeria, Mentha spicata L. (MS), Mentha pulegium L. (MP) and Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds (MR) were examined for their content in polyphenols and for some activities-linked biological properties these could impart. The contents in total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) were evaluated by the Folin–Ciocalteu and the aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Whereas MS showed the highest TPC (12.0 ± 0.3 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of dry weight), MR had the highest content in TFC (3.3 ± 0.1 mg quercetin equivalents of dry weight). The pharmacological properties of these extracts were evaluated by assessing in vitro their antioxidant and antityrosinase activities. The modulation of mushroom tyrosinase activity was measured by colorimetry of the melanins formed in the presence of tyrosine. MS exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity (RSA) in all assays: (i) the IC50s values to neutralize the 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation radicals (ABTS+) and the 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH) were 10.3 ± 0.9 and 16.2 ± 0.2 μg/mL, respectively; and (ii) its original electrochemically measured superoxide quenching index value is 188 ± 37 μg/mL (AI50). MR however showed the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 108 ± 20 μg/mL). A silica gel thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique revealed the presence of caffeic and rosmarinic acids and diosmin in all extracts. These results were confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC/DAD

Soutien des Etablissements d'Enseignement Supérieur de la Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles aux Projets de l'Université de Lubumbashi, R.D. Congo

Soutien des Etablissements d'Enseignement Supérieur de la Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles aux Projets de l'Université de Lubumbashi, R.D. Congo P. Duez Service de Chimie Thérapeutique et de Pharmacognosie (Université de Mons) [email protected] Face aux besoins gigantesques du sud, que ce soit en santé, énergie, environnement, logistique ou infrastructures, une coopération de type Enseignement Supérieur peut-elle être un facteur de développement? En fait, cette coopération contribue à former des cadres, soit directement, soit via des universités/hautes écoles locales que nous aidons en formant des professeurs, des chercheurs et en en améliorant l'organisation (cartes d'étudiant, réseau informatique, bibliothèques, gouvernance, communication...). Cette coopération vise ainsi à renforcer la recherche et l'enseignement dans une université qui fonctionne. Tous ces cadres formés deviennent en fait des acteurs du développement; c'est sur eux que les autres 'grosses' coopération peuvent s'appuyer. Et l'investissement en ressources humaines est certainement l'un des facteurs de développement les plus durables. A l'Université de Lubumbashi, nous contribuons, avec le soutien de l'ARES, à 4 programmes qui seront présentés avec leurs caractéristiques propres: . Un appui institutionnel qui implique 5 universités belges (UMONS, UCL, ULB, FUSL, ULg); . Un projet de recherche sur le diagnostic de la malaria et les médicaments traditionnels à usage antimalarique (DIABIOMAL) qui implique deux universités belges (UMONS, ULB), une haute école (HEH) et une université du Burkina Faso (Université de Ouagadougou); . Un projet de recherche qui porte sur les conditions permettant l'intégration de la médecine traditionnelle aux soins de santé modernes (PHYTOKAT), projet qui implique deux universités belges (UMONS, ULB) et un institut supérieur du Katanga (ISP); . Un projet de recherche qui vise à renforcer la formation en neuropsychiatrie par l'étude des effets neurotoxiques de métaux dans cette région minière du Katanga (NEUROKAT), projet qui implique trois universités belges (UMONS, UCL, KUL)

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Mentha Species

The genus Mentha L. (Lamiaceae) is distributed all over the world and can be found in many environments. Mentha species, one of the world’s oldest and most popular herbs, are widely used in cooking, in cosmetics, and as alternative or complementary therapy, mainly for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders like flatulence, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and ulcerative colitis. Furthermore, it is well documented that the essential oil and extracts of Mentha species possess antimicrobial, fungicidal, antiviral, insecticidal, and antioxidant properties. The economic importance of mints is also evident; mint oil and its constituents and derivatives are used as flavoring agents throughout the world in food, pharmaceutical, herbal, perfumery, and flavoring industry. To provide a scientific basis for their traditional uses, several studies have been conducted to determine the chemical composition of mints and assess their biological activities. This chapter describes the therapeutic effects and uses of Mentha species and their constituents, particularly essential oils and phenolic compounds; some additional biological activities will also be considered

Pharmacology and Toxicology of herbal products: the need for integrated actions

Herbal medicines are nowadays used throughout the world, either as a primary care resource or as complementary or alternative medicines. Given the large number of herbal products used, and the relatively low budgets available for research to date, pharmacological and safety assessments have been carried out on relatively few herbs and, quite often, long-standing uses are generally considered a plausible indication of efficacy and safety. Nevertheless, the reasoned development of safe and efficacious herbal drugs requires integrated studies of quality, pharmacology, toxicology and clinical safety and efficacy: • To catalog available pharmacological and toxicological data for selected herbal medicines, their extracts and phytochemicals; • To organize and conduct research projects that integrate both classical and omic pharmacology; • To identify relevant end-points for major toxicities and reliable methods to measure them; • To develop good practice guidelines for in vitro, in vivo and omic pharmacological and toxicological tests • To promote integration of pharmacology and toxicology, as well as pharmacology, toxicology and other aspects of herbal medicine studie

R3.2 AIIS challenges for students WORKPACKAGE 3

5459 - Eramus KA2 AIIS - Artificial intelligence, Innovation & Society, the future of medicine - Sources publiques européenne

PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF COUNTERFEITING OF ALBENDAZOLE AND METRONIDAZOLE MARKETED IN LUBUMBASHI

Objective: Counterfeit medicines represent a major health risk in the treatment of various pathologies. They are responsible for resistance emergence in the treatment of infectious diseases. This study was conducted in order to identify illegal and legal drugs marketed in the city of Lubumbashi and assess the quality of all samples concerned by this study.Methods: The study included albendazole and metronidazole for oral administration. Visual inspection of medicines, investigation of the authenticity of drugs from pharmaceutical regulatory authorities, and determination of content were used as study parameters.Results: A total of 34 samples were collected including 19 of albendazole and 15 of metronidazole. 11 (32%) samples were not permitted to be marketed. 9 (26 %) samples were substandard according to the US Pharmacopoeia in terms of the content of active ingredient: all of them, the active ingredient was found to present in a lower amount (under-dosing). The proportion of non-compliance is highest among medicines not permitted to be marketed (78% vs 8.0%; p˂0.005). Conclusion: It is obvious that strengthening the capacity of drug regulatory authority of the DR Congo can reduce the influx of counterfeit/substandard drugs in Lubumbashi.Keywords: Medicines, Counterfeiting, Antiparasitics, DR Congo, Lubumbash

R3.1 Framework for online and collaborative learning

5459 - Eramus KA2 AIIS - Artificial intelligence, Innovation & Society, the future of medicine - Sources publiques européenne

R3.3 Analysis of results and training recommendations

5459 - Eramus KA2 AIIS - Artificial intelligence, Innovation & Society, the future of medicine - Sources publiques européenne