Towards Nonlinear Photonic Wires in Z-cut LiNbO3

International audienceUsing a modified Proton Exchange process we have realized Photonic Wires in X-cut LiNbO3. They exhibit highly confined mode, low propagation losses, low strain induced polarization coupling and no reduction of the nonlinear properties. We are now transferring this technique to Z-cut LiNbO3 in order to realize very efficient nonlinear devices in PPLN

Modes Hybrides dans les Fils Quantiques Réalisés sur Niobate de Lithium en Coupe X

Dans ce papier, nous nous concentrerons sur l'influence des contraintes induites dans le cristal par le processus de fabrication des fils quantiques. Ces tensions sont responsables d'un couplage fort entre les polarisations qui confère une nature hybride aux modes se propageant et qui doit être prise en considération dans la conception des dispositifs

Sea level in Roman times in Istria

The shores of Istra have long been acknowledged as being characterised by a recent submersion. Numerous submerged Roman ruins on the Istrian peninsula have led to different estimations of the sea level in the Ist and IInd century AD. Degrassi (1955) proposed 1.5 m below the recent mean sea level, while Vrsalovi} (1979) proposed 2 m. In investigations, carried out since 1999 as part of two international projects: »The oil of Istria« (archaeological project) and »Dynamics and evolution of the Adriatic littoral and human occupation in Holocene (Croatia, Albania)« (geomorphological project), the question arose again.We have determined precise archaeological markers such as Roman fish-tanks, quarries, jetties and the tidal notch as a geomorphological marker. According to our investigations the sea level in the Ist and IInd century AD varied between 50 and 60 cm below the recent level

Sea level in Roman times in Istria

The shores of Istra have long been acknowledged as being characterised by a recent submersion. Numerous submerged Roman ruins on the Istrian peninsula have led to different estimations of the sea level in the Ist and IInd century AD. Degrassi (1955) proposed 1.5 m below the recent mean sea level, while Vrsalovi} (1979) proposed 2 m. In investigations, carried out since 1999 as part of two international projects: »The oil of Istria« (archaeological project) and »Dynamics and evolution of the Adriatic littoral and human occupation in Holocene (Croatia, Albania)« (geomorphological project), the question arose again.We have determined precise archaeological markers such as Roman fish-tanks, quarries, jetties and the tidal notch as a geomorphological marker. According to our investigations the sea level in the Ist and IInd century AD varied between 50 and 60 cm below the recent level

Efficient mouse transgenesis using Gateway-compatible ROSA26 locus targeting vectors and F1 hybrid ES cells

The ability to rapidly and efficiently generate reliable Cre/loxP conditional transgenic mice would greatly complement global high-throughput gene targeting initiatives aimed at identifying gene function in the mouse. We report here the generation of Cre/loxP conditional ROSA26-targeted ES cells within 3–4 weeks by using Gateway® cloning to build the target vectors. The cDNA of the gene of interest can be expressed either directly by the ROSA26 promoter providing a moderate level of expression or by a CAGG promoter placed in the ROSA26 locus providing higher transgene expression. Utilization of F1 hybrid ES cells with exceptional developmental potential allows the production of germ line transmitting, fully or highly ES cell-derived mice by aggregation of cells with diploid embryos. The presented streamlined procedures accelerate the examination of phenotypical consequences of transgene expression. It also provides a unique tool for comparing the biological activity of polymorphic or splice variants of a gene, or products of different genes functioning in the same or parallel pathways in an overlapping manner

The EUropean Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene–Environment Interactions (EU-GEI): Incidence and First-Episode Case–Control Programme

Funder: FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011199; Grant(s): HEALTH-F2-2010-241909Abstract: Purpose: The EUropean Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene–Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study contains an unparalleled wealth of comprehensive data that allows for testing hypotheses about (1) variations in incidence within and between countries, including by urbanicity and minority ethnic groups; and (2) the role of multiple environmental and genetic risk factors, and their interactions, in the development of psychotic disorders. Methods: Between 2010 and 2015, we identified 2774 incident cases of psychotic disorders during 12.9 million person-years at risk, across 17 sites in 6 countries (UK, The Netherlands, France, Spain, Italy, and Brazil). Of the 2774 incident cases, 1130 cases were assessed in detail and form the case sample for case–control analyses. Across all sites, 1497 controls were recruited and assessed. We collected data on an extensive range of exposures and outcomes, including demographic, clinical (e.g. premorbid adjustment), social (e.g. childhood and adult adversity, cannabis use, migration, discrimination), cognitive (e.g. IQ, facial affect processing, attributional biases), and biological (DNA via blood sample/cheek swab). We describe the methodology of the study and some descriptive results, including representativeness of the cohort. Conclusions: This resource constitutes the largest and most extensive incidence and case–control study of psychosis ever conducted

The EUropean Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene–Environment Interactions (EU-GEI): Incidence and First-Episode Case–Control Programme

Funder: FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011199; Grant(s): HEALTH-F2-2010-241909Abstract: Purpose: The EUropean Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene–Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study contains an unparalleled wealth of comprehensive data that allows for testing hypotheses about (1) variations in incidence within and between countries, including by urbanicity and minority ethnic groups; and (2) the role of multiple environmental and genetic risk factors, and their interactions, in the development of psychotic disorders. Methods: Between 2010 and 2015, we identified 2774 incident cases of psychotic disorders during 12.9 million person-years at risk, across 17 sites in 6 countries (UK, The Netherlands, France, Spain, Italy, and Brazil). Of the 2774 incident cases, 1130 cases were assessed in detail and form the case sample for case–control analyses. Across all sites, 1497 controls were recruited and assessed. We collected data on an extensive range of exposures and outcomes, including demographic, clinical (e.g. premorbid adjustment), social (e.g. childhood and adult adversity, cannabis use, migration, discrimination), cognitive (e.g. IQ, facial affect processing, attributional biases), and biological (DNA via blood sample/cheek swab). We describe the methodology of the study and some descriptive results, including representativeness of the cohort. Conclusions: This resource constitutes the largest and most extensive incidence and case–control study of psychosis ever conducted

The continuity of effect of schizophrenia polygenic risk score and patterns of cannabis use on transdiagnostic symptom dimensions at first-episode psychosis: findings from the EU-GEI study

Abstract: Diagnostic categories do not completely reflect the heterogeneous expression of psychosis. Using data from the EU-GEI study, we evaluated the impact of schizophrenia polygenic risk score (SZ-PRS) and patterns of cannabis use on the transdiagnostic expression of psychosis. We analysed first-episode psychosis patients (FEP) and controls, generating transdiagnostic dimensions of psychotic symptoms and experiences using item response bi-factor modelling. Linear regression was used to test the associations between these dimensions and SZ-PRS, as well as the combined effect of SZ-PRS and cannabis use on the dimensions of positive psychotic symptoms and experiences. We found associations between SZ-PRS and (1) both negative (B = 0.18; 95%CI 0.03–0.33) and positive (B = 0.19; 95%CI 0.03–0.35) symptom dimensions in 617 FEP patients, regardless of their categorical diagnosis; and (2) all the psychotic experience dimensions in 979 controls. We did not observe associations between SZ-PRS and the general and affective dimensions in FEP. Daily and current cannabis use were associated with the positive dimensions in FEP (B = 0.31; 95%CI 0.11–0.52) and in controls (B = 0.26; 95%CI 0.06–0.46), over and above SZ-PRS. We provide evidence that genetic liability to schizophrenia and cannabis use map onto transdiagnostic symptom dimensions, supporting the validity and utility of the dimensional representation of psychosis. In our sample, genetic liability to schizophrenia correlated with more severe psychosis presentation, and cannabis use conferred risk to positive symptomatology beyond the genetic risk. Our findings support the hypothesis that psychotic experiences in the general population have similar genetic substrates as clinical disorders

Les monnaies trouvées sur le site des Bouchauds (Charente)

International audienc

Effet thymique aigu de la stimulation cérébrale profonde sous-thalamique chez les patients parkinsoniens

Notre travail a pour but d'étudier l'effet thymique aigu de la stimulation cérébrale sous-thalamique chez les patients parkinsoniens. Les échelles utilisées sont l'échelle de mélancolie et de manie de Bech et Rafaelsen, l'échelle de manie de Beigel et Murphy et la MAThyS (multidimensionnal assessment of thymic states). Un repérage des contacts par reconstruction IRM 3D a été réalisé pour 10 patients opérés. Les mesures sont réalisées au cours des tests à la L-Dopa, 1 heure après l'arrêt puis la mise en route de la stimulation, à jeun de traitement dopaminergique. Parallèlement, une population de patients candidats à l'intervention sont évalués lors de leur bilan préopératoire, à jeun de traitement dopaminergique puis à 1 heure de la prise médicamenteuse. L'étude de cet échantillon a pour but de comparer l'effet thymique aigu du sevrage dopaminergique à celui de la stimulation. L'étude de 14 patients stimulés montre une amélioration globale de l'humeur indépendante de l'efficacité motrice. Les dimensions concernées sont l'aspect affectif dépressif et la motivation. Les évaluations de 6 patients en période préopératoire montre une amélioration de l'humeur minime affectant seulement la dimension affective dépressive. L'influence de l'existence d'antécédents thymique sur le vécu des troubles moteurs est illustrée par l'analyse des résultats. D'autre part, il existe une grande variabilité individuelle sur certaines dimensions (émotionnelle en particulier). La localisation des contacts pourrait expliquer cette hétérogénéité mais reste difficile à préciser. L'étude constitue une voie vers d'autres projets centrés sur les patients caractérisés comme ayant des troubles thymiques consécutifs à la stimulation ou sur une localisation. L'association à des tests neuropsychologiques permettraient de préciser les fonctions impliquées dans ces dérèglements de l'humeur.CLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF