Os Jesuítas nas Américas: "A República dos Guaranis"

Para este trabalho elegemos um estudo sobre uma "experiência jesuíta" junto dos Guaranis, que designamos de "A República dos Guaranis". Trata-se de um processo histórico complexo que teve início no século XVII, sob o impacto da Contra-Reforma, e terminou em pleno século XVIII, quando o Absolutismo, o racionalismo e a Lei Natural dominavam a Europa. Portanto, tenta-se perceber como esta realidade sociocultural se relacionou com uma das regiões do Brasil colonial

Cosmic Strings in the Abelian Higgs Model with Conformal Coupling to Gravity

Cosmic string solutions of the abelian Higgs model with conformal coupling to gravity are shown to exist. The main characteristics of the solutions are presented and the differences with respect to the minimally coupled case are studied. An important difference is the absence of Bogomolnyi cosmic string solutions for conformal coupling. Several new features of the abelian Higgs cosmic strings of both types are discussed. The most interesting is perhaps a relation between the angular deficit and the central magnetic field which is bounded by a critical value.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev.

Innovating Education Through Design Thinking: A Case Study of Problem-Solving Educators

This study aimed to identify methodologies and practices that enable innovation to thrive in the public education system. Design thinking (DT) was selected for examination given its demonstrated ability to: (a) make people and teams more innovative , (b) change institutional cultures to be more creative and solution-oriented, and (c) create conditions necessary for innovation to thrive within established organizational structures. This intrinsic case study explored the experiences of a group of educators who used design thinking to innovate solutions to the intractable problems they faced. Participants in this study were teachers and administrators who received training in DT, and functioned in roles where DT is required as part of their professional practice as educational leaders. The data for this study included field observations, interviews, and documents, which were qualified using two cycle coding. In the first cycle, a priori codes were aligned to the Eight Design Abilities of Creative Problem Solvers, followed by a second round of in vivo coding that allowed natural themes to emerge. The analysis of results indicated that the use of DT: (1) created conditions whereby educators embodied the skillsets and mindsets of designers, (2) enabled educators to self-actualize their creative confidence, and (3) fostered universal collaboration. This study dovetails with other research supporting methods for practitioners of education leadership

Crime And The Effects It Has On Business Development

This reading highlights the topic of crime through exploring what crime is as well as the different types of crimes in our everyday lives. Specifically, this research paper wants to highlight the crimes that may affect businesses, as well as the relationships between crime and business development. By using facts and statistics, we will dive into the relationship between the two and see why certain businesses may find success while other businesses struggle. We will also be looking at different pieces of literature, reviewing them, and drawing conclusions from the literature being discussed. The literature review as well as assessments of qualitative and quantitative data collected will be the premise of this thesis. Highlighting the effects of crime on all aspects of business may help the backbone of our society understand how to best protect themselves from any sort of crime ever happening. Where are these crimes happening? What businesses are most susceptible to crime? Is there anything businesses can do to be on the lookout? These questions are imperative for businesses to answer and have figured out to be successful

Estrogenic Activity of Wastewater at Different Stages in Three Activated Sludge Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants in Central Tennessee

It is known that endocrine disrupting compounds can be found in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants. Included in this category are estrogens and estrogenic chemicals. When effluent from wastewater treatment plants enters aquatic systems, estrogens in the effluent can have a negative effect on the development and reproductive system of organisms found there. Many studies have demonstrated these effects in fish and mollusks. These estrogenic compounds are found in the effluent because wastewater treatment plants are not designed to break down pharmaceutical or hormonal compounds. The aim of the present study was to follow estrogenic activity through three similar wastewater treatment plants in Central Tennessee. Water samples were taken from each plant’s influent and effluent, as well as from the oxidation ditch where the activated sludge process occurs and from water that had yet to be disinfected with ultraviolet radiation. These water samples were examined for estrogenic activity using a bioluminescent yeast estrogen screen (BLYES) assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Estrogenic activity was then compared along points in the treatment process for each of the wastewater treatment plants to determine if there is a particular step in the process that significantly decreases estrogenic activity. There was no significant difference (F(3,11) = 2.87, p = 0.104) of estrogenic activity among points in the treatment process, nor was there a significant difference (F(3,11) = 2.12, p = 0.176) in individual estrogenic compound concentrations among treatment points. However, there does seem to be a general trend of decreasing estrogenic activity and concentration from influent to effluent.M.S

Tell Me More: Trauma-Informed Practices in Higher Education as Resistance and Liberation for Black and Indigenous Students of Color

In this article, I argue that higher education inflicts trauma on Black and Indigenous students. However, trauma-informed practices can serve as a liberatory practice that disrupts white supremacy culture and minimize harm against BIPIC students. I define trauma and trauma-informed practices (TIPs) and weave how racial trauma, including political, generational, and necrophiliac trauma, impacts Black and Indigenous students in university contexts. In the spirit of hope and resistance, I end with suggestions for student affairs practitioners outlined by the framework of TIP tenets that they can directly implement in their conversations and mentorship of college students. I also suggest strategies for the systemic change needed to prevent higher education from doing more harm

Digestibility studies in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

The bioavailability of nutrients in commercial feeds available in Portugal was evaluated in three size groups (40g. l00g and 180g) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) on two private farms. Dietary crude fibre level was used as the digestibility marker. A series of laboratory trials was also carried out to investigate the influence of various biotic and abiotic factors on apparent digestibility coefficients and to provide corroboration for the field survey. The principal factors influencing apparent digestibility values during the field survey were diet quality, temperature and water-dissolved oxygen. The apparent digestibilities of crude protein, organic matter and dry matter were strongly inversely correlated with dietary fibre level in the three size groups of farmed trout. In addition, significant positive correlations were obtained between lipid level in commercial feeds and the organic matter digestibility coefficients. Under controlled conditions, dietary lipid level (7%, 14% and 21%) had a marked effect on digestibility, the highest digestibility values being obtained with the 21% lipid diet (87.77%, 76.55% and 70.46%) compared to 84.59%, 63.25% and 57.74% with the 7% lipid diet for crude protein, organic matter and dry matter, respectively. A signification correlation was also obtained between all apparent digestibility coefficients and the feed protein level for all size groups of fish studied in the field. In the laboratory, however, only at 21®C was there a marked effect and significantly higher digestibility values were obtained with the higher protein (45%) diet (85.98%, 83.74%, 80.37% and 84.54% for protein, organic matter, dry matter and energy, respectively) as compared to the lower protein (30%) diet (74.16%, 71.66%, 65.54% and 68.70% for protein, organic matter, dry matter and energy, respectively). General increases in apparent digestibility values of more than 10% were obtained between the lower (10°C or 15°C) and the higher (21 °C or 22°C) experimental temperatures, much higher than values previously reported. Food intake was shown to be directly dependent on dissolved oxygen (D.O.) and for one unit decrease of D.O. food intake decreased by about 0.5% or 0.25% body weight/day whether fish were subjected to an abrupt decrease of water O2 level or to prolonged hypoxia. Furthermore, apparent digestibility values were significantly increased when fish were subjected to prolonged hypoxia. Feeding frequency (1, 2 or 4 meals/day) did not influence digestibility, whereas time of day and fish size did have a significant effect. Mean digestibility values estimated either from chromic oxide or crude fibre analysis were significantly different. The difference was, however, very small and bearing in mind the advantages of an internal marker as compared to an added marker, this study has shown that crude fibre is a useful tool for feed evaluation, especially in practical situations. The need for, and importance of, digestibility evaluations is discussed and summarised in the form of a conceptual model