A hybrid flux balance analysis and machine learning pipeline elucidates the metabolic response of cyanobacteria to different growth conditions

Machine learning has recently emerged as a promising tool for inferring multi-omic relationships in biological systems. At the same time, genome-scale metabolic models (GSMMs) can be integrated with such multi-omic data to refine phenotypic predictions. In this work, we use a multi-omic machine learning pipeline to analyze a GSMM of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, a cyanobacterium with large potential to produce renewable biofuels. We use regularized flux balance analysis to observe flux response between conditions across photosynthesis and energy metabolism. We then incorporate principal-component analysis, k-means clustering, and LASSO regularization to reduce dimensionality and extract key cross-omic features. Our results suggest that combining metabolic modeling with machine learning elucidates mechanisms used by cyanobacteria to cope with fluctuations in light intensity and salinity that cannot be detected using transcriptomics alone. Furthermore, GSMMs introduce critical mechanistic details that improve the performance of omic-based machine learning methods

A Qualitative Study of Grandparents lullaby: Wisdom of the elderly for Early Child development through Northern-Khmer Child Rearing Cultural Transmission Process in Community way of life

The objective of this research is to study the elements of the process of transmission of the Khmer language wisdom and culture of grandparents through lullabies. Culture shows beliefs, values, morals and social aspects, lifestyle, customs, language, daily living and activities of people in the community. The qualitative study was conducted with in-depth interviews of three Northern-Khmer elders and included the study the lullaby songs of the elderly in the community of CHANGWAT SURIN.The results of this study found that the elements of the process of cultural transfer of the elderly through lullabies include five aspects, namely 1) content, 2) knowledge transfer, 3) characteristics of the transmitters and receivers, 4) methods and media and 5) evaluation. The process of transferring culture from wisdom that we can develop for the purpose of inheritance can be of various forms of recording, such as, audio recording, video recording as well as transcription in order for preservation.</jats:p

Expression of a stress-responsive gene cluster for mycosporine-2-glycine confers oxidative stress tolerance in <i>Synechococcus elongatus</i> PCC7942

ABSTRACT Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are a class of well-documented UV-screening compounds produced by taxonomically diverse organisms. Extensive studies revealed that a rare MAA, mycosporine-2-glycine (M2G), possesses unique biological activities and functions. M2G is not only a potent antioxidant, but also suppresses protein glycation in vitro, and production of inflammatory mediators in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The present study evaluates vital functions of M2G in a heterologous expression system. The stress-sensitive fresh water cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942, carrying a M2G biosynthetic gene cluster, was generated. The M2G-expressing cells were more tolerant to H2O2-induced oxidative stress than the wild type, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 2.3 ± 0.06 mM. Transcriptional analysis revealed that all M2G biosynthetic genes were highly up-regulated under oxidative stress. Further, expression of vital genes in the cellular antioxidant defense system, including sodB, cat and tpxA were modulated and up-regulated. Elevated M2G was detected under oxidative stress as well as salt stress treatments. This study provides insight into the molecular and cellular effects of the M2G biosynthetic gene cluster, contributing to understanding of the mechanism behind physiological plasticity under this heterologous expression system.</jats:p