Ultraclean pure shift NMR

Content type: Research data Research data type: Experimental data Full experimental data and software for the SAPPHIRE method for ultraclean pure shift NMR. Abstract: Full experimental data and software for the SAPPHIRE method for ultraclean pure shift NMR. Table of contents: Bruker pulse sequence [pulse_sequencesBruker] 1) sapphire_ZS 2) sapphire_PSYCHE Bruker pulse sequence [pulse_sequencesVarian] 1) sapphire.c Bruker au programms [processing_softwareBruker] 1) pm_pshift : pure shift au program for the SAPPHIRE 3D data 2) pm_fidadd : au program for the averaging of pure shift spectra acquired with different J-evolution times Varian macros [processing_softwareVarian] 1) pm_pshift_v : pure shift au program for the SAPPHIRE 3D data 2) pm_fidadd_v : au program for the averaging of pure shift spectra acquired with different J-evolution times Experimental Data [data] Main text: 1) Fig. 1a 200: 1D data set 2) Fig. 1b/c 213: 2D data set 3) Fig. 1d 202: 3D data set 4) Fig. 1e 1: 1D data set 5) Fig. 3 202: 3D data set Supplementary Information: 1) Fig. S3 PM_01_Rosuvastatin_proton_256scans_H1_2017-04-05_v500_s2pul_3ax2_01.fid: 1D data set 2) Fig. S4 PM_01_BEM_proton_256scans_H1_2017-03-09_v500_s2pul_3ax2_01.fid: 1D data set 3) Fig. S5a PM_06_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_16Hz_16_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_10_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_63Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid: 2D data set PM_14_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_53Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_16_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_48Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_18_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_43Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_20_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_39Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_22_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_34Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_24_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_36Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set 4) Fig. S5b PM_04_Ethyl_isovalerate_3Dtsp_39Hz_16_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_14_3ax2_01.fid 3D data set 5) Fig. S8 209: 3D data set 6) Fig. S9a 213: 2D data set 7) Fig. S9b 206: 2D data set 8) Fig. S9c 208: 2D data set 9) Fig. S9d 202: 3D data set 10) Fig. S9e 205: 3D data set 11) Fig. S9f 207: 3D data set 12) Fig. S10a 203: 2D data set 13) Fig. S10b 204: 3D data set 12) Fig. S11a 210: 2D data set 13) Fig. S11b 209: 3D data set 12) Fig. S12a 213: 2D data set 13) Fig. S12b 202: 3D data set Additional [additional] 1) PSYCHE_Saltire_10kHz_30m : double saltire pulse shape fil

Ultraclean pure shift NMR

Content type: Research data Research data type: Experimental data Full experimental data and software for the SAPPHIRE method for ultraclean pure shift NMR. Abstract: Full experimental data and software for the SAPPHIRE method for ultraclean pure shift NMR. Table of contents: Bruker pulse sequence [pulse_sequencesBruker] 1) sapphire_ZS 2) sapphire_PSYCHE Bruker pulse sequence [pulse_sequencesVarian] 1) sapphire.c Bruker au programms [processing_softwareBruker] 1) pm_pshift : pure shift au program for the SAPPHIRE 3D data 2) pm_fidadd : au program for the averaging of pure shift spectra acquired with different J-evolution times Varian macros [processing_softwareVarian] 1) pm_pshift_v : pure shift au program for the SAPPHIRE 3D data 2) pm_fidadd_v : au program for the averaging of pure shift spectra acquired with different J-evolution times Experimental Data [data] Main text: 1) Fig. 1a 200: 1D data set 2) Fig. 1b/c 213: 2D data set 3) Fig. 1d 202: 3D data set 4) Fig. 1e 1: 1D data set 5) Fig. 3 202: 3D data set Supplementary Information: 1) Fig. S3 PM_01_Rosuvastatin_proton_256scans_H1_2017-04-05_v500_s2pul_3ax2_01.fid: 1D data set 2) Fig. S4 PM_01_BEM_proton_256scans_H1_2017-03-09_v500_s2pul_3ax2_01.fid: 1D data set 3) Fig. S5a PM_06_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_16Hz_16_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_10_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_63Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid: 2D data set PM_14_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_53Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_16_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_48Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_18_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_43Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_20_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_39Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_22_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_34Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set PM_24_Ethyl_isovalerate_2D_36Hz_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_2D_3ax2_01.fid 2D data set 4) Fig. S5b PM_04_Ethyl_isovalerate_3Dtsp_39Hz_16_H1_2017-04-05_v500_pm_GMZSnew_14_3ax2_01.fid 3D data set 5) Fig. S8 209: 3D data set 6) Fig. S9a 213: 2D data set 7) Fig. S9b 206: 2D data set 8) Fig. S9c 208: 2D data set 9) Fig. S9d 202: 3D data set 10) Fig. S9e 205: 3D data set 11) Fig. S9f 207: 3D data set 12) Fig. S10a 203: 2D data set 13) Fig. S10b 204: 3D data set 12) Fig. S11a 210: 2D data set 13) Fig. S11b 209: 3D data set 12) Fig. S12a 213: 2D data set 13) Fig. S12b 202: 3D data set Additional [additional] 1) PSYCHE_Saltire_10kHz_30m : double saltire pulse shape fil

Users as Innovators: Implications for Patent Doctrine

User innovators range from commercial firms, which invent new production methods in expectation of competitive advantage, to individual hobbyists motivated entirely by their enjoyment of the inventive process. In this Article, I consider the implications for patent doctrine of the fact that many user innovators derive sufficient benefit simply from developing and using their inventions to motivate them to invest the effort necessary to invent them. Moreover, user innovators often benefit from freely revealing their innovations to others. Trade secrecy and patenting are not central to motivating this inventive activity. This picture of user innovation contrasts sharply with the seller innovator picture which dominates patent policy. In that picture, incentives for inventing, disclosing, and disseminating new technologies arise from the potential for recouping innovative investments through commercial sales. Because user innovators have different incentives, we should consider modifying patent doctrine so as to avoid the social costs of unnecessarily broad protection in contexts in which user innovation predominates. This Article lays out a framework for thinking about patent doctrine in the context of user innovation. It then explores one context in which user innovation plays a significant role-the development of inventions that can be used as research tools. Considering the specific incentives to invent, disclose, and disseminate research tools of different classes of research tool inventors leads to a proposal for a blanket exemption from infringement liability for research use. The Article also proposes an alternative, more modest, double-edged sword exemption, which would excuse noncommercial research use of all patented inventions and all research use of inventions made by non-profit inventors