The Effects of Stock Photos on Autobiographical Memories of Physically and Emotionally Painful Experiences

How would you respond if asked, How painful was your last shot? You may think back to the last time you received a shot, and report the amount of pain you experienced, assuming that your answer to this question would be the same in any circumstance. However, research has shown a multitude of ways that your judgement may be biased, such as by the way the question is worded, or other variables affecting the testing context. The current study examines how photographs may serve to bias memory of physically and emotionally painful experiences. Undergraduate participants rated past experiences of common medical and emotional events. Each experience was accompanied by an image (i.e., a stock photograph) depicting this experience in a relatively negative or positive light. The hypothesis is that judgments will be more negative when the experience is accompanied by a more negative photo compared with when a more positive photo is presented. The results will inform theories of how we experience and anticipate painful events. It also has implications for public health and medical settings. For instance, if positive images are used to promote potentially painful medical procedures, it may increase willingness to adhere to medical recommendations.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_spring2020/1069/thumbnail.jp

Predictors and Correlates of Psychological Health Through Ecological Momentary Assessment

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) entails taking surveys multiple times daily on a smartphone. EMA has been widely used to monitor moment-to-moment fluctuations in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors as they occur naturally in one\u27s environment. The current study investigated how depression, productivity, and sleep, fluctuate across time and how these variables covary together in undergraduate participants using EMA for two weeks. Participants were either assigned to EMA which included items about mindfulness (Mindfulness-EMA) or without mindfulness items (No-Mindfulness EMA). Participants were asked to report upon current depression, stress, irritability, productivity, fatigue, and sleep, up to three times daily. Multilevel modeling was used to examine trajectories of change and how variables may increase or decrease over the span of two weeks. The sample (n=103) included 60.9% female, 37% non-white, and 11% Latino/Hispanic participants, with a mean age of 19 (SD = 1.24). Nearly half (47.8%) were freshmen. Preliminary analyses reveal a significant time effect for stress (p=.000); anxiety (p=.001); irritability (p=.002); and sleep disturbances (p=.004), such that all variables improved over two weeks for all participants. Fatigue, depression, and dissociation did not significantly change. Subsequent analyses will examine how trajectories of change covary by demographics, such as sex and year in college.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_spring2020/1085/thumbnail.jp

THE CHELETROPIC REACTION: A DIRECT PATHWAY TO THE 1,8-DISUBSTITUTED NAPHTHALENE SYSTEM.

Abstract not availabl

Екологізація сучасного суспільного життя в контексті подолання екологічних загроз і зміцнення екологічної безпеки

Екологізацію суспільного розвитку земної цивілізації розглянуто як інструмент розбудови «зеленої» економіки в контексті подолання глобальних, національних, регіональних і локальних екологічних загроз і зміцнення екологічної безпеки. Досліджено основні проблеми екологізації суспільного життя у політичній, економічній, екологічній, соціальній та духовній площинах. Детально проаналізовано значення і вживання терміна «екологізація» у вітчизняних та зарубіжних наукових працях. «Екологізація» використовується для позначення: будь-яких видів людської діяльності; економічних інструментів, що використовуються в екологічній і лісовій політиці; природокористування; економічних систем; суспільного розвитку. Екологізацію суспільного розвитку трактують як категорію екологічної економіки та інструмент еволюційного переходу до «зеленої» економіки. Екологізація економічної діяльності в Україні полягає в послідовній, комплексній трансформації економічних інструментів в інструменти екологічної політики. Обґрунтовано ключові напрямки екологізації економічної, екологічної, соціальної та духовної сфер природокористування і  запровадження «зеленої» економіки в Україні.&#x0D;  </jats:p

Metabolism of Deoxycorticosterone by Human Fecal Flora

21-Dehydroxylation, a feature of metabolism of corticoids in humans, was observed in mixed cultures of fecal flora of normal individuals on a Western diet. The model substrate, 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC), was metabolized to 3α-21-dihydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one (THDOC), 3α-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one (pregnanolone), and to two unidentified structures, metabolites X and Y. DOC was not metabolized in all media supporting growth of fecal flora. Conversion required an initial pH between 6.0 and 8.0. 21-Dehydroxylation occurred within 4 days of incubation in media inoculated with 10 -1 to 10 -7 fecal suspensions. In higher dilutions, containing obligatory anaerobes only, DOC was converted to metabolite X and sometimes also to metabolite Y. The yield of pregnanolone was related to the promptness with which the specimen was processed, to the presence of cysteine in the medium, and to the concentration of substrate (optimum, 16 to 64 μg of DOC per ml). The yield of THDOC was related to the delay in the processing of the specimen, the concentration of substrate (maximum at 256 μg/ml), and aeration of the culture. Pure cultures of aerobic organisms of fecal origin either failed to metabolize DOC or converted it to metabolite Y. Pure cultures of fecal anaerobes converted DOC to metabolite X and sometimes also to metabolite Y. Neither THDOC nor pregnanolone was produced by pure cultures. </jats:p