Parallel tunnel ligamentopexy-a novel technique for medial collateral ligament deficiency in primary total knee arthroplasty: a case study

Managing medial collateral ligament (MCL) deficiency in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains a challenge, often necessitating constrained implants or revision prostheses. We present an innovative technique, Parallel Tunnel Ligamentopexy, which stabilizes the MCL without requiring revision implants, thus preserving native structures and reducing bone loss. A 68-year-old male with severe varus deformity and grade 4 osteoarthritis of the left knee presented with progressive difficulty in ambulation and performing daily activities. Radiographic evaluation confirmed knee subluxation. The patient underwent left-sided TKA. Intraoperatively, a femoral attachment deficiency of the MCL was observed. Parallel tunnel ligamentopexy was performed by whip-stitching the residual MCL, creating two parallel 2-mm tunnels in the lateral distal femur, and securing the MCL using these tunnels. This approach was preferred over semitendinosus augmentation, given its reduced risk of supracondylar femoral fractures and improved suitability for osteoporotic bones. The patient was mobilized on postoperative day 1. The varus deformity was corrected, and knee stability was maintained. At six months follow-up, clinical and radiological evaluations demonstrated no signs of MCL laxity. The patient resumed daily activities independently, highlighting the efficacy of Parallel Tunnel Ligamentopexy in preserving knee stability without requiring a constrained implant. Parallel Tunnel Ligamentopexy is a cost-effective, biologically favorable solution for MCL deficiency in primary TKA. This technique avoids constrained implants, minimizes bone loss, and optimizes functional outcomes, particularly in osteoporotic patients

Study on knowledge, attitude and practice of ante-natal care among pregnant women attending antenatal tertiary care institution

Background: The primary aim of antenatal care is to achieve a healthy mother and baby. Antenatal care helps to identify the complications and to remove anxiety and dread associated with delivery. Current study designed to assess knowledge, attitude and ante natal care practice among pregnant women attending to antenatal tertiary care hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 pregnant women attending antenatal care centre at department of obstetrics and genecology, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore during June 2017 to June 2019 under Narayana Mathru Seva Pathakam. Face to face interview was conducted to assess their knowledge, attitude and practice using a structured questionnaire.Results: A total 86% belongs to 20-29 years age group and 71.4% belongs to multiverdia. 20.6% women responded that they had completed 3 antenatal visits, 26.6% are those who thought that at least more than 5 ANC checkup should be done during pregnancy. 96.1% pregnant responded that registration for antennal care and visits is essential. 87.2% responds to take iron and folate during pregnancy and 11% responds does not taken the same. 92% pregnant responded that tetanus toxoid (TT) should be given during pregnancy but 3.2% told don’t know. When they asked about resting period, 24.2% responded 5-6 hours, 35.4% responded 7-8 hours, 35.6% responded > 8 hours per day to rest they are taking. 55.8% pregnant responded that they had taken decision to give birth the baby in the hospital. 71.2% pregnant females reported that they knew about the danger signs during pregnancy. The reasons for not attending antenatal check-up were financial reasons, illiterate (15.4%), transport and unaware about ANC.Conclusions: Information, education and communication activities should be increased on ANC through community campaign and mass media to motivate women to utilize maternal care services

The Efficient Adaptive Pre-Encoded Multipliers Based on (NR4SD) Encoding for Digital Signal Processing Applications

Multimedia and Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications (e.g., Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), audio/video CoDecs) complete countless with coefficients that don't change amid the execution of the application. Since the multiplier is an essential part to implement computationally concentrated applications, its engineering truly influences their execution. A committed encoding circuit is required and the fractional items age is more mind boggling. A strategy practically identical is proposed for sketching out compelling MB multipliers for social occasions of pre-chosen coefficients with a comparable imperative. Encode the coefficients disengaged in perspective of the MB encoding and store the MB encoded coefficients (i.e., 3 bits for each digit) into a ROM. New layouts of pre-encoded multipliers are researched by detached encoding the standard coefficients and securing them in system memory. We propose encoding these coefficients in the Non-Redundant radix-4 Signed-Digit (NR4SD) outline. The proposed pre-encoded NR4SD multiplier designs are a more area and power compelling stood out from the conventional and pre-encoded MB diagram

Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped activated carbon nanosheets for high-performance coin cell supercapacitor device with outstanding cycle stability

Herein, we report the utilization of nitrogen and sulfur dual heteroatoms co-doped activated carbon (NSAC) by hydrothermal method for electrochemical supercapacitors. Various NSACs were made by using a fixed amount of activated carbon and changing the amounts of thioacetamide. From NSAC electrodes, the coin cell configuration was fabricated and the overall electrochemical conduct was evaluated by using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, cycle life, and electrochemical impedance methodologies. The outcomes manifest that co-doping sulfur and nitrogen into the AC improves the electrochemical performance. In comparison to pure activated carbon, the optimized NSAC produced a higher specific capacitance value of 417 F g−1 at 0.7 A g−1 and also demonstrated outstanding charge-discharge cycling stability at 7 mA (5 A g−1), maintaining 76% of its opening capacitance after 60,000 cycles in the CR2032 device configuration. The impedance studies phase angle value of 85° has added evidence of the NSAC’s good capacitor performance. Thus, we believe this work is suitable for practical applications for energy storage devices. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]This work was supported by Qatar University through a National Capacity Building Program Grant (NCBP) [QUCP-CAM-20/23-463]. The publication of the article was funded by the Qatar National Library. Statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors

UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ALPRAZOLAM AND MEBEVERINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN BULK DRUG AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION

A simple, accurate, precise, sensitive, rapid and economical spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Alprazolam (ALP) and Mebeverine HCl (MBH) in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation. The estimation of these drugs was carried out by using 0.1M HCl as a solvent. The wavelength maxima for Alprazolam and Mebeverine HCl were found to be 262.3 nm and 222.5 nm. The linearity range was observed in the concentration range of 3-15 µg/ml for both drugs and regression equation was found to be for ALP 0.0565x+0.0138 and for MBH 0.049x-0.0126. Percentage recoveries for Alprazolam and Mebeverine HCl were found to be 99.84% and 99.47% respectively. % RSD values for Intra-day precision were found to be for ALP 1.18% and for MBH 0.59%. Inter-day precision %RSD values were found to be for ALP 0.94% and for MBH 0.69%. LOD was found to be for ALP 1.42 (µg/ml) and for MBH 2.1542 (µg/ml). LOQ was found to be for ALP 4.3242 (µg/ml) and for MBH 6.5442 (µg/ml). The %Assay of Alprazolam and Mebeverine HCl were found to be 99.20% and 100.02% respectively. Statistical analysis proved that the developed method can be successfully used for simultaneous analysis of Alprazolam and Mebeverne HCl in pure and tablet dosage forms

Attention-based Fusion for Stroke Lesion Segmentation on Computed Tomography Perfusion Data

In recent times, stroke has emerged as a significant threat to humans, transforming affected brain tissue into core and penumbra regions. As the penumbra becomes irreversible over time, early core region segmentation is crucial. Automatic segmentation systems offer an efficient alternative to manual segmentation and aid radiologists in stroke lesion segmentation using Computed Tomography and Computed Tomography Perfusion (CTP) maps that comprise four parameter maps. This automatic segmentation is increasingly used in interactive, multimedia-based systems for diagnostic tools and AI-driven health applications. Top-performing models that follow the patch processing approach suffer from high inference times. To incorporate effective feature extraction at image-level inferences, which reduces the inference time, we present a hybrid fusion technique that combines early and bottleneck fusion, leveraging two separate encoders for effective feature extraction. Moreover, fusing the information from various fusion methods arbitrarily may not yield optimal results. Consequently, we have introduced two attention modules, i.e., cross-modal attention and cross-fusion attention modules, designed for the effective integration of features derived from diverse modalities and multiple fusion strategies, respectively. The findings highlight a considerable reduction in computational time alongside achieving a comparable dice score. Additionally, the incorporation of hybrid fusion and attention modules in the baseline notably increased the dice score from 0.482 to 0.521 in the validation dataset and achieved 0.48 in the test dataset of ISLES 2018. It also demonstrates competitive performance compared to existing models while maintaining efficient prediction times

Crystallite Size Effects on Electrical Properties of Nickel Chromite (NiCr2O4) Spinel Ceramics: A Study of Structural, Magnetic, and Dielectric Transitions

The effect of sintering temperature on the structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties of NiCr2O4 ceramics was investigated. A powder X-ray analysis indicates that the prepared nanocrystallites effectively inhibit the cooperative Jahn–Teller distortion, thereby stabilizing the high-temperature cubic phase structure with space group Fd-3m. Multiple transitions are confirmed by temperature-dependent magnetization M(T) data. Moreover, the magnetization value decreases and the Curie temperature increases with a decrease in the crystallite size. The low-temperature-dependent real permittivity (ε′-T) for a NiCr2O4 crystallite size of 78 nm exhibits a broad maximum at 40 K that is independent of frequency. This establishes a correlation between electric ordering and the underlying magnetic structure. The temperature dependency of the dielectric constant at fixed frequencies for both NiCr2O4 crystallite sizes rises with temperature for a certain range of frequencies. A significant improvement is evident: the dielectric constant (ε’) at room temperature reaches approximately 5738 for the sample with 28 nm crystallites, while the 78 nm crystallite sample shows a noticeable drop to ε’~174. The frequency-dependent conductivity curves for both types of NiCr2O4 nanocrystallites have different conductivity values. The lower-crystallite-size sample demonstrates higher conductivity values than the 78 nm crystallite size one. This observation is attributed to the decrease in crystallite size, which increases the number of grain boundaries and, consequently, scatters a higher number of charge carriers.This work was supported by Qatar University through a National Capacity Building Program grant (NCBP) [QUCP-CAM-22/24-463]. Statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.Scopu