Multi-lingual neural title generation for e-Commerce browse pages

To provide better access of the inventory to buyers and better search engine optimization, e-Commerce websites are automatically generating millions of easily searchable browse pages. A browse page consists of a set of slot name/value pairs within a given category, grouping multiple items which share some characteristics. These browse pages require a title describing the content of the page. Since the number of browse pages are huge, manual creation of these titles is infeasible. Previous statistical and neural approaches depend heavily on the availability of large amounts of data in a language. In this research, we apply sequence-to-sequence models to generate titles for high- & low-resourced languages by leveraging transfer learning. We train these models on multi-lingual data, thereby creating one joint model which can generate titles in various different languages. Performance of the title generation system is evaluated on three different languages; English, German, and French, with a particular focus on low-resourced French language.Comment: To appear in NAACL 2018 (Industry track), 8 page

Study of Prevalence Rate, Side Effect and Co-Morbidities Associated with Current Drug Therapy in Patients Suffering with Nephrotic Syndrome

Background: Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disease caused by damage to the cluster of small blood vessels in the kidney. Nephrotic syndrome causes misfunctioning of the kidney that affects metabolism of the body significantly. It causes complications of blood clots, high blood cholesterol and elevated blood triglycerides, poor nutrition, high blood pressure, acute kidney failure, chronic kidney disease and various infections. Objectives: The present investigation was objected to study prevalence rate, side effect of prescribed drugs and co-morbidity associated with current drug therapy in patient suffering with nephrotic syndrome. Methodologies: The present observational study was conducted on 43 nephrotic syndrome patients. These patients were evaluated for effects and side effects of prescribed drugs. Co-morbidity related to drug current prescribed was assessed and prescribed drugs for co-morbidity for also assessed. Prevalence rate of nephrotic syndrome was calculated among the all investigated patients. Patients were investigated who signed consent form. Patients above 18 years of age were excluded from study. Results: The involved 43 patients of nephrotic syndrome. These patients were prescribed with Corticosteroids (27%), Immunomodulator (8%), Immunosuppressant (5%), Diuretics (20%), ACE Inhibitors (5%), Angiotensin II receptor antagonist (5%). Co-morbidity were related to current drugs were observed and it was found that 9 (20%) patients were  suffering from asthma, 3 (7%) patients were suffering epilepsy, 1 (2%) patients were suffering from inflammatory bowel disease, 5 (11%) patients were suffering from other diseases along with nephrotic syndrome. Prevalence rate of nephrotic syndrome was found 2.38% in patients. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the current prescribed drugs for nephrotic syndrome causes side effects that are skin infection, behavioral changes, blood in urine and decreased neutrophils. And co-morbidity of asthma, epilepsy, inflammatory bowel disease and other disease were present in patients of nephrotic syndrome. 1 patient out of every 42 investigated patients was suffering from  nephrotic syndrome. Keywords: Nephrotic syndrome, corticosteroids, side effects, co-morbidity and prevalence rate

Potentially inappropriate prescribing in elderly: a comparison of Beers and STOPP criteria in tertiary care

Background: Prescribing in elderly is a challenging task as they have age related physiological changes, various co-morbidities, altered pharmacological properties and higher propensity for adverse events. They are often prescribed medications which are potentially inappropriate for them, sometimes may even be unnecessary. The medicines are considered as inappropriate if the risk associated with them outweighs benefits. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) at a tertiary care teaching hospital according to the Beers updated 2015 criteria and STOPP criteria and to compare the two criteria in detection of PIMs.Methods: A prospective observational study involving 228 elderly patients (>65years) of medicine wards was conducted from October 2015 to March 2016. Relevant information was recorded in a predesigned proforma. The use of potentially inappropriate medications is assessed using Beers updated 2015 criteria and STOPP criteria using descriptive statistics.Results: The prevalence of PIM use in the sample was 26.31% according to the 2015 Beers criteria and 14.03% using the STOPP criteria. The most prevalent PIM according to the Beers criteria were sliding scale insulin (17.54%) and long acting benzodiazepines (5.26%); according to the STOPP criteria, they were aspirin in heart failure (5.26%) and chlorpheniramine (3.07%).Conclusions: The prevalence of PIM varied when different criteria were applied. The 2015 Beers criteria identified more PIM than the STOPP criteria

Study of the Association between Hypothyroidism and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between hypothyroidism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: In a prospective observational study, the hypothyroidism patients were evaluated for NAFLD using ultrasonography. The participant’s characteristics such as age, gender, thyroid profile, history of diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease (IHD) were recorded using a data gathering form. Results: A total of 51 participants were included in this study. From 51 participants, 47 (92.18%) individuals were females whereas 4 (7.82%) individuals were males. Out of 51 participants 27 individuals had NAFLD. There was statistically significant difference in FT4 levels with the participants with NAFLD. Conclusion: Results from this study suggested that low FT4 concentration is associated with increased risk of NAFLD. Keywords: Hypothyroidism, NAFLD, ultrasonography, FT4

Aligning Developmental Programs to Implement SDGs in India: Challenges and the Way Forward

United Nations Agenda 2030 for sustainable development provides seventeen sustainable development goals (SDGs) to be achieved by 2030. India also committed to SDGs and signed the declaration to implement SDGs in the year 2015. India being home to one of the largest poor population in the world, the success of Agenda 2030 to large extent depends upon how India implements and achieves its SDGs targets. To this end, the Government of India has integrated SDGs with the national policy framework to achieve the targets of SDGs. Now, the development agenda of India primarily focus on five P’s- People, Planet, Peace, and Prosperity & Partnership. The present study provides insights into the progress being made by India to achieve SDGs through the review of various development programs. This paper maps various government schemes and development programs being implemented to achieve SDGs in India. Further, the paper also presents key bottlenecks and execution challenges to implement and achieve SDGs targets in India

EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC FRUITS EXTRACT OF EMBELIA RIBES BURM ON DEXAMETHASONE INDUCED INSULIN RESISTANCE IN MICE

This study was designed to examine the effect of ethanolic fruits extract of Embelia ribes Burm on dexamethasone-(1mg/kg, intramuscular, 22 days) induced Insulin resistance in Mice. Twenty two  days of oral feeding the extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) to induced mice resulted in significant (P < .01) decrease in blood glucose, triglyeride, Insulin, HOMA-IR index and  increase in body weight  levels as compared to dexa control mice. Further, the extract also significantly (P < .01) decreased the MDA levels and significantly (P < .01) increased the superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione levels as compared to above levels in Hepatic tissue of dexa control  mice and also increased glucose uptake by skeletal muscle. The results of test drug were comparable to pioglitazone (2 mg/kg, i.m , 22 days), a standard antihyperglycemic agent. The study concludes that Embelia ribes enhances the antioxidant defense against reactive oxygen species produced under hyperglycemic condition and Embelia ribes may prove to be effective in the treatment of Type-II Diabetes mellitus owing to its ability to decrease insulin resistance

Microarray Evidences the Role of Pathologic Adipose Tissue in Insulin Resistance and Their Clinical Implications

Clustering of insulin resistance and dysmetabolism with obesity is attributed to pathologic adipose tissue. The morphologic hallmarks of this pathology are adipocye hypertrophy and heightened inflammation. However, it's underlying molecular mechanisms remains unknown. Study of gene function in metabolically active tissues like adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver is a promising strategy. Microarray is a powerful technique of assessment of gene function by measuring transcription of large number of genes in an array. This technique has several potential applications in understanding pathologic adipose tissue. They are: (1) transcriptomic differences between various depots of adipose tissue, adipose tissue from obese versus lean individuals, high insulin resistant versus low insulin resistance, brown versus white adipose tissue, (2) transcriptomic profiles of various stages of adipogenesis, (3) effect of diet, cytokines, adipokines, hormones, environmental toxins and drugs on transcriptomic profiles, (4) influence of adipokines on transcriptomic profiles in skeletal muscle, hepatocyte, adipose tissue etc., and (5) genetics of gene expression. The microarray evidences of molecular basis of obesity and insulin resistance are presented here. Despite the limitations, microarray has potential clinical applications in finding new molecular targets for treatment of insulin resistance and classification of adipose tissue based on future risk of insulin resistance syndrome.</jats:p

Potential drug-drug interactions among elderly in-patients with cardiac illness at a tertiary care centre

Background: Drug interactions are major cause of concern in hospitalized patients with cardiac illness especially in elderly population. Therefore, the study was conducted to determine the prevalence and pattern of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDI) and risk factors, if any.Methods: It was a prospective observational study involving 75 elderly in-patients with cardiac diseases. IHEC approval was taken before commencement of study and written informed consent was taken from all the study participants. Data was collected using structured data collection tool. pDDI were analyzed using MEDSCAPE databse. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 in terms of descriptive statistics. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to find the association between the risk factors and potential DDIs. P value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The prevalence of pDDI was found to be 100%. Total 593 pDDI and 33 interacting drug pairs were observed in the study. The common drug interacting pairs were aspirin and furosemide 140 (23.61%), followed by aspirin+ enalapril 98 (16.53%) and heparin and clopidogrel 56 (9.44%). Majority of pDDI 480 (81%) were found to be of moderate severity. A significant association was documented between length of hospital stay (p=0.041) and occurrence of pDDI. A statistically significant correlation (r =0.621; p<0.01) was noted between number of drugs prescribed and total number of pDDIs.Conclusions: A high prevalence of pDDI was observed. The prevalence rate is directly related to number of drugs prescribed and length of hospital stay. Therefore, close monitoring of hospitalized patients is recommended