Organic-rich sediments in brine-filled Shaban- and Kebrit Deeps, Northern Red Sea

The element compositions Si, Ca and Al of up to 2 1.1 ka old sediments in about 10 in long cores from the southern basin of the Shaban and Kebrit deeps in the northern Red Sea allowed a classification of major sediment types in carbonate sands and -muds and siliceous oozes. A FeOOH-enriched sediment horizon and a few samples with high Zn values in the Kebrit core indicate a hydrothermal origin probably near the brine-sea water interface with subsequent transport of hydrothermal compounds into the deep sediments. High organic carbon contents up to 8.4% are positively correlated with the Ba concentrations, which suggests that high bioproductivity, and rapid deposition (C-14 dating suggests a sedimentation rate near 70 cm/ka) led to the formation of sapropelic sediments between 11.8 and 13.6 ka (Younger Dryas). Organic petrological observations showed that the sediment organic material largely consists of <20 gm-sized roundish fecal pellets (intimate mixtures of organic matter and inorganic constituents) and bituminite. Terrestrial organic matter (pollens of land plants, fusinite etc.) is very rare in the sediment cores from both deeps. Organic-geochemical investigations of kerogens and organic extracts show that a significant (hydrothermal) hydrocarbon production did not occur in near-surface sediments of the Shaban and Kebrit deeps. Rock Eval pyrolysis of kerogens characterised the organic matter to be of type II quality. The delta C-13 values of the kerogens from the most prominent sapropel in the Shaban deep indicate an enrichment of(C-12-rich) nutrients in the water column during postglacial sapropel formation in the Younger Dryas. The n-alkane spectra are dominated by short chain lengths between n-C-15 and n-C-25 Prevailing n-C-15 to n-C-25 alkanes in low mature sediments are indicative of algal and microbial source. Pristane/phytane ratios are generally low (< I to similar to 1) which suggests that anoxic conditions prevailed within the anaerobic brine-filled deeps for the whole time covered by the sediments. This again indicates that sapropel formation was caused by high bioproductivity in the northern Red Sea rather than episodic stagnation with better preservation of the organic matter. Long-chain alkenones and sterols are the dominating compounds of the lipid fraction. Cholesterol contents in the sediment cores reflect phases of eukaryotes production in the water column, whereas the positive correlations of dinosterol with TOC and the amounts of total extract suggests that the major organic carbon source in the northern Red Sea during postglacial high-productivity stages were dinoflagellates. Another important carbon source, however, is indicated by the occurrence of 22,29,30-trisnorhopan-21 -one (TNH). Although the formation of TNH from its precursors is not fully understood, this compound probably results from microbial. degradation of intact bacteriohopanepolyols (BHP), which can be used as indicators for bacterial abundances and phyla. TNH is most likely produced at the brine-sea water interface where sedimenting organic matter accumulates and, if the redoxcline corresponds to the density gradient, the organic matter is subjected to efficient aerobic bacterial degradation processes. However, during high bioproductivity stage (Younger Dryas) the redoxcline was probably higher in the water column and thus, a significant TNH production at the brine-sea water interface did not occur at times of sapropel formation in the northern Red Sea deeps. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved

Modellversuch Waerme-, Stromerzeugung aus Nachwachsenden Rohstoffen Teilvorhaben: Prozesswaerme-, Energieerzeugung in Salzgitter. Machbarkeitsstudie

The pilot-plant shall be used for trial runs CO_2-neutral-energy production in connection with utilisation of farming areas, temporarily not required for food production. A 'fluidized bed energy station' with 3,8 MW shall be planned and erected on grounds of Fels-Werke GmbH in Salzgitter-Heerte to substitute an oil fired energy station. Grounds are surrounded by farming land belonging to Salzgitter Gueterverwaltung GmbH. This is where the biomass for burning will be raised in a great variety. Different variants of cultivations should be valuated under ecological and economical aspects. Having the central storage for biomass as silage next to energy station and the acquired growing and harvesting technics, an unchanged quality of fuel during the whole year will be guaranteed. Accuring ash will be returned to the fields. The steady state demand for prozess-heat of 6.000 h/a for drying the Fermacell-Plates provide good operating conditions for the R+D-project. (orig.)Die Produktion CO_2-neutraler Energie in Verbindung mit der Nutzung landwirtschaftlicher Flaechen, die fuer den Nahrungssektor zur Zeit nicht benoetigt werden, soll in einer Pilotanlage erprobt werden. Auf dem Betriebsgelaende der Fels-Werke GmbH in Salzgitter-Heerte soll eine Wirbelschichtanlage von 3,8 MW als Ersatz fuer eine oelbefeuerte Waermeerzeugungsanlage geplant und gebaut werden. Das Grundstueck ist umgeben von landwirtschaftlichen Flaechen der Salzgitter Gueterverwaltung GmbH. Hier wird die Biomasse in einer grossen Artenvielfalt fuer die Verbrennung angebaut. Verschiedene Anbauvarianten sollen unter oekologischen und oekonomischen Aspekten beurteilt werden. Das Zentrallager fuer silierte Biomasse direkt an der Energieanlage und die erarbeitete Anbau- und Erntetechnik garantieren gleichbleibende Qualitaet des Brennstoffes ueber das gesamte Jahr. Anfallende Asche wird auf die Ackerflaechen zurueckgefuehrt. Der gleichmaessige Bedarf an Prozesswaerme von 6000 h/a zum Trocknen von Fermacell-Platten ergibt gute Betriebsbedingungen fuer das F+E-Projekt. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F94B0164+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Abbau der Belastung des Menschen an gasausbruchsgefaehrdeten Arbeitsplaetzen Abschlussbericht

Copy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Polymer flooding feasibility study: Gu Dong oil field China. Vol. 7 Oil displacement tests

On behalf of Preussag Erdoel und Erdgas GmbH, Hannover, laboratory investigations on polymer flooding of oil-bearing sand packs have been carried out at DBI Freiberg. This work is aimed at - recording displacement pressure behaviour, - determining the degree of oil recovery as a function of the viscosities of oil and polymer solution. The programme of work relating to chemical flooding is divided into two test series: - direct displacement of oil by polymer (primary recovery), - tertiary oil recovery by polymer flooding subsequent to water flooding. The efficiencies of xanthan and polyacrylamide in displacement of Gu Dong oil and, secondarily, of Scheerhorn oil are determined. In the first test series the viscosities of the polymer solution are higher than those of the oil (Gu Dung oil); in the second series equal viscosities ranging between 10 and 60 mPas have been established for both (Gu Dong oil, Scheerhorn oil) and polymer. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F93B234+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Basic Engineering der Anlagenteile 'Pietal' und 'Vergasung' im Biomasseverwertungszentrum (BMVZ) Wolfsburg Zusammenfassender Abschlussbericht

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F99B1019+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Ernaehrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Polymer flooding feasibility study: Gu Dong oil field China. Vol. 3a Log cross sections

This volume contains log cross sections of the Gu Dong Oil field of China. (HS)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F93B230+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Abschlussbericht ueber Arbeiten im Rahmen der Modernisierung von FS 'SONNE' Wissenschaftlich technische Grundaustattung

SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F94B1045+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Polymer flooding feasibility study: Gu Dong oil field China. Vol. 10 Micro-structure of polymer solutions

This volume provides information on: Characterisation of blue microstructure; investigations on flow behaviour. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F93B237+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Polymer flooding feasibility study: Gu Dong oil field China. Vol. 3 Log interpretation and pressure testing

This volume provides information on: computer aided log evaluation; log suites; evaluation methods used for parameter calculation; netpay calculation; log correlation; results of pressure testing. (HS)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F93B229+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman