A study to assess awareness on eye donation and willingness to pledge eyes for donation in adult population in Gwalior district (M.P.), India

Background: Purpose of current study was to determine the awareness of eye donation and willingness to pledge eyes for donation in the government colonies (Central and state govt. colonies) of district Gwalior (M.P.). Corneal diseases constitute a significant cause of visual impairment and blindness in the developing world. Although Strategies to prevent corneal blindness are likely to be more cost effective, visual rehabilitation by Corneal Transplantation remains the major treatment for restoring sight in those who already have corneal blindness.Methods: The present study was undertaken from July 2012 to Dec. 2012 with a total population 2192 was surveyed of people residing in central and state govt. Colonies of district Gwalior in which total of 500 houses were taken. The total population aged 30 years and above were interrogated by a predesigned questionnaire regarding awareness of eye donation, any eye related problem and willingness to pledge eyes for donation.Results: The total respondents were 947 in which 481 (50.79%) were Males and 466 (49.21%) were females. The awareness of eye donation was present in 590 (62.30%) while 357 (37.70%) were not aware.Conclusion: The awareness regarding eye donation should be increased so that the public’s attitude would be more favorable to facilitate an increase in the number of corneas available for transplantation.

A study of the patients suffering from tuberculosis and tuberculosis-diabetes comorbidity in Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program Centers of Northern Madhya Pradesh, India

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized as an important risk factor to tuberculosis (TB). India has high TB burden, along with rising DM prevalence. Aim: This study was conducted to document the coexistence of DM and TB in persons with established TB under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program. Type of Study: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive observational study conducted at selected Directly Observed Therapy center in Gwalior North Central India. Materials and Methods: A total of 550 patients with confirmed diagnosis of TB and on treatment were recruited. The study participants were screened for DM and diagnoses were made on the basis of the World Health Organization criteria. Clinical parameters were compared between persons with DM and those without DM. Results: DM/TB co-morbidity was noted in 85 individuals and these made up 15.4% of the study population. The mean age was higher in DM patients with TB (43.4 ± 15.4 vs. 33.1 ± 16.2 years, P = 0.000); the mean duration of symptoms of TB with DM was more (124 ± 16.4 vs. 107.49 ± 10.3 days). Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that increasing age, positive family history of diabetes, sedentary occupation, and presence of pulmonary TB were significantly associated with diabetes among TB patients. Conclusions: Diabetes is an important co-morbid feature to be sought in patients with TB. This study re-echo the need to raise awareness on screening for DM in persons with TB

cross-sectional observational study about knowledge and practice of handwashing among slum dwellers females in urban area

Hand-washing and basic hygiene practices can prevent diarrhea, acute respiratory infections, and skin infections. Despite abundant evidence supporting the efficacy of personal hygiene practices, they are not widely practiced. It has been observed that young children and their mothers in developing nations do not adequately wash their hands after contact with faeces . In urban slums with less access to clean water and sanitation, the magnitude of the problem is greater. In this study 200 female from slum of a city of northern Madhya Pradesh. Most of them were aware about the basic steps of hand washing and its importance but they not practice the hand washing with soap in their daily house hold work except after defecation.</jats:p

An institution-based assessment of health care worker on handwashing knowledge and behavior in a tertiary care hospital central India

Patients, governments, and regulatory agencies are increasingly concerned about infections associated with health care. This is not only due to the severity of the problem in terms of associated morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs, but also because it is becoming increasingly apparent that the majority of these are preventable. The medical community is witnessing unprecedented advances in both the understanding of the pathophysiology of infectious diseases and the global spread of multidrug-resistant infections in health care facilities. These factors, coupled with the scarcity of new antimicrobials, have necessitated a reevaluation of the role of fundamental infection prevention practises in contemporary health care. There is now irrefutable evidence that strict hand hygiene practises reduce the risk of infection transmission. With "Clean Care is Safer Care" as a top priority of the WHO's global initiative on patient safety programmes, the time has come for developing countries to formulate policies for the implementation of fundamental infection prevention practises in health care settings. This study focuses on hand hygiene, one of the simplest, least expensive, and least accepted forms of infection prevention

A cross sectional observational study on red cell distribution width (RDW) in stroke patients

Red Cell Distribution Width&nbsp; in past was used to differentiate between different&nbsp; types of anemia. In last few years, several studies have revealed that RDW is an independent risk factor for many critical clinical cases, especially for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. a cross sectional study designed to observe the RDW among the patient with stroke and among patient who are admitted in intensive care unit because of other reason.present study was conducted over a period of 1 years in a&nbsp; tertiary care hospital in the city of central India. A total 300intensive care unit patient were recruited in the study whom are aged above 18 years and patient/relative ready to give consent. Among them 150 were admitted with stroke which are allocated in group A (cases)and other 150 with other diseases in group B (control). Observation of the present study a total 300 participant were there 148 male and 152 female , the mean age of participants is 61.8 ±2.963 (±4.79%). 104 patient were having ischemic stroke, 46 patient were having haemorrhagic stroke .&nbsp

institution-based assessment of health care worker on handwashing knowledge and behavior in a tertiary care hospital central India

Patients, governments, and regulatory agencies are increasingly concerned about infections associated with health care. This is not only due to the severity of the problem in terms of associated morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs, but also because it is becoming increasingly apparent that the majority of these are preventable. The medical community is witnessing unprecedented advances in both the understanding of the pathophysiology of infectious diseases and the global spread of multidrug-resistant infections in health care facilities. These factors, coupled with the scarcity of new antimicrobials, have necessitated a reevaluation of the role of fundamental infection prevention practises in contemporary health care. There is now irrefutable evidence that strict hand hygiene practises reduce the risk of infection transmission. With "Clean Care is Safer Care" as a top priority of the WHO's global initiative on patient safety programmes, the time has come for developing countries to formulate policies for the implementation of fundamental infection prevention practises in health care settings. This study focuses on hand hygiene, one of the simplest, least expensive, and least accepted forms of infection prevention.</jats:p

A cross-sectional observational study about knowledge and practice of handwashing among slum dwellers females in urban area

Hand-washing and basic hygiene practices can prevent diarrhea, acute respiratory infections, and skin infections. Despite abundant evidence supporting the efficacy of personal hygiene practices, they are not widely practiced. It has been observed that young children and their mothers in developing nations do not adequately wash their hands after contact with faeces . In urban slums with less access to clean water and sanitation, the magnitude of the problem is greater. In this study 200 female from slum of a city of northern Madhya Pradesh. Most of them were aware about the basic steps of hand washing and its importance but they not practice the hand washing with soap in their daily house hold work except after defecation

A Study of Impact of CD4 and BMI on Effectiveness of DOTS in HIV-TB Cases Registered in Hamidia Hospital Bhopal

Background: TB is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV. The treatment for TB is same for HIV infected as for non-HIV infected TB patients. The same criteria determine the treatment category for TB patients irrespective of the HIV Status. Objectives: The objectives were to study outcome of DOTS in HIV-TB cases; to study the comparison of outcome of DOTS in HIV-TB and TB cases; and to study effects of different factors on outcome of DOTS in HIV-TB and TB cases. Material and method: Hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out in ART and DOTS center. 98 cases of HIV-TB co-infection and 150 cases of only TB infection were interviewed and BMI and CD4 of all cases of both the group were collected. All cases were observed to see the outcome and factors affecting outcome were studied separately. Result: cure rate in HIV-TB cases was 12.2% and in TB was 40%. Treatment completion rate was 51% in HIV-TB and 19.3% in TB cases. The study found that BMI was affecting outcome in both group while CD4 count affecting outcome in HIV-TB cases. Conclusion: The study indicated that cure rate improved as BMI and CD4 count increased

An Educational Interventional Study on Stem Cell Awareness among Eligible Beneficiaries in Central India

BACKGROUND Stem cells are pluripotent cells that continuously divide, have the ability of selfrenewal, and can generate complex tissues and organs. Globally there are almost 20 lakh stem cell centres, whereas in India we don’t have such a good network of stem cell registries. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) study says that if you have 10 lakh stem registries with you, you will be able to serve at least 40 % of the demand, but when we have 20 lakh of the global registry we are not able to meet the demand because of genetic variation. We wanted to spread awareness on stem cells from various levels like NGO’s, government, health sectors and everybody should take the initiative. The objective of the study was to assess knowledge and awareness of stem cells among eligible beneficiaries (ANC mothers and eligible couples) METHODS A cross-sectional educational interventional study was done in the Gwalior region for 2 months. A total of 100 eligible beneficiaries (ANC mothers and eligible couples) were registered for the study. Collection of questionnaire sheets &amp; sorting out of data for analysis was done. RESULTS After awareness, 86 % of the subjects thought that the regenerated tissues from stem cells were good enough to replace the previous tissues and 91 % of the subjects were willing to donate stem cells after awareness. CONCLUSIONS Doctors and health workers can be a potential source of information for these subjects because of effective convincing strategies. KEY WORDS Stem Cells, Awareness, Umbilical Cord Blood (UCB).</jats:p

Study to Assess Nutritional Status, Health Problems and Psychosocial Behaviour of Adolescents in Central India

BACKGROUND Adolescence is the period between the onset of puberty and the cessation of physical growth roughly from 11 to 19 years of age. Adolescence vacillates between being children and being an adult. They are adjusting to the physiologic changes their bodies are undergoing and are working to establish sexual identification and use these changes for their benefit as well as that of the society. The objectives of the study were to assess the socio-demographic characteristics of boys, various adolescent health problems, explore the nutritional status of children through B.M.I and psycho-social behaviour and suicidal tendencies among adolescent boys. METHODS The parent study was done in Govt. Boys school which is a multistage sampling. Firstly from DOE, a list of Govt. Boys school, Gwalior was taken, and from that list the schools were randomly selected. A predesigned, pretested, structured and validated questionnaire in Hindi was given to the student returned questionnaire. RESULTS Out of 400 students, 176 (44 %) had fouling of gums; 44 (11 %) had bleeding gums; 152 (38 %) had hair fall, 76 (19 %) had white patches on their nails; 40 (10 %) had urinary irritation; 48 (12 %) had pain in the ear; 8 (2 %) had diabetes; 8 (2 %) had high B.P ; 12 (3 %) had asthma; 4 (1 %) had low B.P ; 176 (44 %) had acne; 100 (25 %) had short height. CONCLUSIONS They have simple but wide pervading crucial reproductive health needs-menstrual hygiene, contraception (including emergency contraception) safety from sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV. A communication gap exists between parents and other adults (lack of family connectedness) which needs to be corrected. KEY WORDS Adolescent, Reproductive Health, Communication Gap.</jats:p