Pipelined median architecture

The core processing step of the noise reduction median filter technique is to find the median within a window of integers. A four-step procedure method to compute the running median of the last N W-bit stream of integers showing area and time benefits is proposed. The method slices integers into groups of B-bit using a pipeline of W/B blocks. From the method, an architecture is developed giving a designer the flexibility to exchange area gains for faster frequency of operation, or vice versa, by adjusting N, W and B parameter values. Gains in area of around 40%, or in frequency of operation of around 20%, are clearly observed by FPGA circuit implementations compared to latest methods in the literature

FEATURES OF GAMERS’ COMMUNICATION

The features of gamers’ communication are analyzed. The positive and negative features of the influence of the gaming environment are revealed. It is emphasized that the advantage of game communication is finding friends with similar interests and having fun. The appearance of aggression is a negative influence of the communicative environment of gamers.Анализируются особенности общения геймеров. Выявляются положительные и отрицательные особенности влияния игровой среды. Акцентируется, что достоинством игровой коммуникации является нахождение друзей со схожими интересами и веселое времяпрепровождение. Появление агрессии является негативным влиянием коммуникативной среды геймеров

Cockroaches Probably Cleaned Up after Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs undoubtedly produced huge quantities of excrements. But who cleaned up after them? Dung beetles and flies with rapid development were rare during most of the Mesozoic. Candidates for these duties are extinct cockroaches (Blattulidae), whose temporal range is associated with herbivorous dinosaurs. An opportunity to test this hypothesis arises from coprolites to some extent extruded from an immature cockroach preserved in the amber of Lebanon, studied using synchrotron X-ray microtomography. 1.06% of their volume is filled by particles of wood with smooth edges, in which size distribution directly supports their external pre-digestion. Because fungal pre-processing can be excluded based on the presence of large particles (combined with small total amount of wood) and absence of damages on wood, the likely source of wood are herbivore feces. Smaller particles were broken down biochemically in the cockroach hind gut, which indicates that the recent lignin-decomposing termite and cockroach endosymbionts might have been transferred to the cockroach gut upon feeding on dinosaur feces

Morphological and Median Adaptive Filters Based on LCBP Rank Filter

The presented median and morphological (min and max) filters based on low complexity bit-pipeline (LCBP) rank filter provide reduced complexity of required processing hardware, due to similar pipeline stages and the complete absence of sorting networks in comparison with other solutions. FPGA realization of bit-pipeline median and morphological filter and adaptive bit-pipeline rank filter according to this paper provides significantly higher maximum operating frequency and much smaller used chip resources in comparison with state-of-the-art sorting methods

Optimal hardware realization of direct subband transformer

State-of-the-art realizations of direct subband transformers require utilization of synchronization memory banks with significant capacity between different levels of image decomposition. This paper presents novel optimal hardware realization of direct subband transformer without synchronization memory banks between different levels of image decomposition. This solution also enables significant savings in memory and logic resources, as well as minimal delay which direct subband transformer introduces into image compression system