On Spanish Dvandva and its restrictions

As noted by Bauer, real dvandva compounds –that is, coordinative compounds that properly express the aggregation of two different entities, not the intersection of properties in one entity– are extremely rare in English or Spanish. This article explores the empirical domain of dvandva compounding in Spanish, and notes that they are productive when not used as heads within their phrases. We propose that the explanation for this is that Spanish can only productively build dvandva compounds using flat structures without internal hierarchy. This causes the compound to look externally for a head noun that defines the interpretation of the relation established between the two members of the dvandva. The proposal also explains why proper names is preferred in dvandva compounding, given that they do not denote properties