UAV-Empowered Disaster-Resilient Edge Architecture for Delay-Sensitive Communication

The fifth-generation (5G) communication systems will enable enhanced mobile broadband, ultra-reliable low latency, and massive connectivity services. The broadband and low-latency services are indispensable to public safety (PS) communication during natural or man-made disasters. Recently, the third generation partnership project long term evolution (3GPPLTE) has emerged as a promising candidate to enable broadband PS communications. In this article, first we present six major PS-LTE enabling services and the current status of PS-LTE in 3GPP releases. Then, we discuss the spectrum bands allocated for PS-LTE in major countries by international telecommunication union (ITU). Finally, we propose a disaster resilient three-layered architecture for PS-LTE (DR-PSLTE). This architecture consists of a software-defined network (SDN) layer to provide centralized control, an unmanned air vehicle (UAV) cloudlet layer to facilitate edge computing or to enable emergency communication link, and a radio access layer. The proposed architecture is flexible and combines the benefits of SDNs and edge computing to efficiently meet the delay requirements of various PS-LTE services. Numerical results verified that under the proposed DR-PSLTE architecture, delay is reduced by 20% as compared with the conventional centralized computing architecture.Comment: 9,

Parton distribution functions and quark orbital motion

Covariant version of the quark-parton model is studied. Dependence of the structure functions and parton distributions on the 3D quark intrinsic motion is discussed. The important role of the quark orbital momentum, which is a particular case of intrinsic motion, appears as a direct consequence of the covariant description. Effect of orbital motion is substantial especially for polarized structure functions. At the same time, the procedure for obtaining the quark momentum distributions of polarized quarks from the combination of polarized and unpolarized structure functions is suggested.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Paper is accepted for publication in Eur.Phys.J.

A Note on Charge Quantization Through Anomaly Cancellation

In a minimal extension of the Standard Model, in which new neutral fermions have been introduced, we show that the requirement of vanishing anomalies fixes the hypercharges of all fermions uniquely. This naturally leads to electric charge quantization in this minimal scenario which has features similar to the Standard Model: invariance under the gauge group $SU(2)_L\otimes U(1)_Y$, conservation of the total lepton number and masslessness for the ordinary neutrinos. Such minimal models might arise as low-energy realizations of some heterotic superstring models or $SO(10)$ grand unified theories.Comment: 14p., TeX, (final version

Benefits of Organo-Aqueous Binary Solvents for Redox Supercapacitors Based on Polyoxometalates

Present and correct: The presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in water can drastically improve the properties of an electrochemical system: the hydrogen evolution shifts to lower potential due to the strong interaction of DMSO with water. DMSO suppresses the corrosion of aluminum and stabilizes the reduced form of polyoxometalates (POMs). Organo-aqueous electrolytes based on DMSO, H2O and POMs are thus applied in a supercapacitor device. A novel redox electrolyte is proposed based on organo-aqueous solvent and a polyoxometalate (POM) redox moiety. The presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) plays multiple roles in this system. Firstly, it enhances the cathodic electrochemical stability window by shifting the H2 evolution to lower potentials with respect to pure aqueous systems; secondly, it improves the reversibility of the redox reaction of the PW12O403− anion at low potentials. The presence of DMSO suppresses the Al corrosion, thus enabling the use of this metal as the current collector. An activated carbon-based supercapacitor is investigated in 1 M LiNO3/10 mM H3PW12O40 in a mixed DMSO/H2O solvent and compared with a POM-free electrolyte. In the presence of POMs, the device achieves better stability under floating conditions at 1.8 V. At 1 kW kg−1, it delivers a specific energy of 8 Wh kg−1 vs. 4.5 Wh kg−1 delivered from the POM-free device. The H2 evolution is further shifted by the POMs adsorbed on the activated carbon, which is one reason for the improved stability. The POM-containing cell demonstrates a mitigated self-discharge, owing to strong POMs adsorption into the carbon pores

Effect of nitrogen doping on physical and electrochemical properties of resorcinol / formaldehyde based carbons

Nitrogen doped resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F) based polymeric gels were synthesised by polymerisation reaction. Nitrogen heteroatoms were incorporated in the bulk network of polymeric gels using melamine as nitrogen source. The resultant aerogels were carbonized at a temperature range 750 to 900 ºC under Ar to prepare nitrogen doped carbon aerogels used as the electroactive material for the fabrication of electrodes for electrochemical capacitor. The porous structure of carbon aerogels was characterised by nitrogen adsorption- desorption. Contact angle measurements were performed to investigate the wettability of the electrodes toward the electrolyte when used in the electrochemical cell. The electrochemical properties of the carbon aerogels were characterized by, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The experimental results revealed that resorcinol / catalyst (R/C) and resorcinol / melamine (R/M) ratios played crucial role in the development of porous structure (specific surface area, average pore size and pore size distribution) of the resultant carbons.Nitrogen content played an important role to improve wetting behaviour and capacitive performance of the electroactive material. The carbon material MRFC-100-800-R/M80 with an R/C ratio of 100 and an R/M ratio of 80 carbonized at 800 ºC exhibited much improved wettability with 6 M KOH showing considerable decrease in the contact angle from 125º to 103º. Improved capacitance of 208 Fg-1 was achieved for N-doped carbon sample MRFC-100-800-R/M80 as compare to the specific capacitance of 136 Fg-1 for an un-doped carbon prepared under similar conditions

Extracts of Feijoa Inhibit Toll-Like Receptor 2 Signaling and Activate Autophagy Implicating a Role in Dietary Control of IBD

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease affecting the gut with limited treatment success for its sufferers. This suggests the need for better understanding of the different subtypes of the disease as well as nutritional interventions to compliment current treatments. In this study we assess the ability of a hydrophilic feijoa fraction (F3) to modulate autophagy a process known to regulate inflammation, via TLR2 using IBD cell lines

Study Resistance of (C. tropicalis and C. glabrata) to Some Heavy Metals and Oil Compounds Laboratory

Present study showed that  the isolated of yeast (C. tropicalis and C. glabrata) were resistance for growth in different concentrations of heavy metals (lead, cobalt, cadmium).So too that isolates of  yeast are  resistance  for growth in different concentrations of  oil compacts ( phenol , naphthalene, biphenyl). These are results showed of capacity of some species of yeasts on growth in different concentrations from environment pollutants .The last the yeasts are ability of bioremediation of pollutants. Keywords: Yeasts , heavy metals , oil compact