A Networking-based View of Business Model Innovation: Theory and Method

After reviewing the literature, the concept of Business Model or E-Business Models are discussed in Ms paper. Firms keep interacting with each other and build all kinds of relationships among them. Based on the theory of business networks, we put forward a networking-based view of business model analysis frame. When we make decisions to choose one or other business models, first, the source of value should be found. Second, business network models, which show the procedure of value creation and distribution, should be analyzed. Third, we choose the feasible network among networks we analyzed. Finally, the firms\u27 strategy to ensure the location in business networks and turn the business model to a series of business decision are analyzed

Risk factors and prognosis for salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma in southern china: A 25-year retrospective study

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Real-time, chirped-pulse heterodyne detection at room-temperature with 100GHz 3dB-bandwidth mid-infrared quantum-well photodetectors

Thanks to intrinsically short electronic relaxation on the ps time scale, III-V semiconductor unipolar devices are ideal candidates for ultrahigh-speed operation at mid-infrared frequencies. In this work, antenna-coupled, GaAs-based multi quantum-well photodetectors operating in the 10-11um range are demonstrated, with a responsivity of 0.3A/W and a 3dB-cutoff bandwidth of 100GHz at room-temperature. The frequency response is measured up to 220GHz: beyond 100GHz we find a roll-off dominated by the 2.5 ps-long recombination time of the photo-excited electrons. The potential of the detectors is illustrated by setting up an experiment where the time dependent emission frequency of a quantum cascade laser operated in pulsed mode is measured electronically and in real-time, over a frequency range >60GHz. By exploiting broadband electronics, and thanks to its high signal-to-noise ratio, this technique allows the acquisition, in a single-shot, of frequency-calibrated, mid-infrared molecular spectra spanning up to 100GHz and beyond, which is particularly attractive for fast, active remote sensing applications in fields such as environmental or combustion monitoring

Adipose-derived stem cells derived decellularized extracellular matrix enabled skin regeneration and remodeling

The tissues or organs derived decellularized extracellular matrix carry immunogenicity and the risk of pathogen transmission, resulting in limited therapeutic effects. The cell derived dECM cultured in vitro can address these potential risks, but its impact on wound remodeling is still unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) extracted from adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) in skin regeneration.Methods: ADSCs were extracted from human adipose tissue. Then we cultivated adipose-derived stem cell cells and decellularized ADSC-dECM for freeze-drying. Western blot (WB), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and mass spectrometry (MS) were conducted to analyzed the main protein components in ADSC-dECM. The cell counting assay (CCK-8) and scratch assay were used to explore the effects of different concentrations of ADSC-dECM on the proliferation and migration of human keratinocytes cells (HaCaT), human umbilical vein endothelia cells (HUVEC) and human fibroblasts (HFB), respectively. Moreover, we designed a novel ADSC-dECM-CMC patch which used carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to load with ADSC-dECM; and we further investigated its effect on a mouse full thickness skin wound model.Results: ADSC-dECM was obtained after decellularization of in vitro cultured human ADSCs. Western blot, ELISA and mass spectrometry results showed that ADSC-dECM contained various bioactive molecules, including collagen, elastin, laminin, and various growth factors. CCK-8 and scratch assay showed that ADSC-dECM treatment could significantly promote the proliferation and migration of HaCaT, human umbilical vein endothelia cells, and human fibroblasts, respectively. To evaluate the therapeutic effect on wound healing in vivo, we developed a novel ADSC-dECM-CMC patch and transplanted it into a mouse full-thickness skin wound model. And we found that ADSC-dECM-CMC patch treatment significantly accelerated the wound closure with time. Further histology and immunohistochemistry indicated that ADSC-dECM-CMC patch could promote tissue regeneration, as confirmed via enhanced angiogenesis and high cell proliferative activity.Conclusion: In this study, we developed a novel ADSC-dECM-CMC patch containing multiple bioactive molecules and exhibiting good biocompatibility for skin reconstruction and regeneration. This patch provides a new approach for the use of adipose stem cells in skin tissue engineering

Predictive value of Clinical Frailty Scale in long term prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction after in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation

Objective·To investigate the predictive value of the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) in the long term outcomes in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients who completed in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation (CR).Methods·A total of 501 AMI patients treated in the Cardiology Center of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine from May 2020 to May 2022 were prospectively enrolled, with their baseline clinical data collected. The patients completed graded in-hospital CR and were assessed by CFS based on their completion of CR before discharge. Patients were then categorized into three groups (norm group, vulnerable group and frail group) according to their CFS level. The difference in 1-year major cardiovascular event (all-cause death and re-hospitalization for heart failure) rates among the three groups was investigated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the effective risk factors relevant to the outcomes, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to analyze the prognostic value. Finally, an optimal prediction model was developed.Results·The CFS level in AMI patients who completed CR was positively correlated with age and peak pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (peak proBNP), and inversely correlated with gender difference (P<0.05). Accompanied with the elevated CFS level, the incidence of both outcomes increased, and there were significant differences in all-cause death (2.6%, 5.6% and 15.2%, P=0.002), and while no significant differences in re-hospitalization for heart failure among the three groups (19.6%, 22.2% and 24.2%). All-cause death of the frail group was significantly higher than that of the norm group (P=0.004), while there was no significant difference between the vulnerable group and the norm group. CFS could sensitively predict the 1-year all-cause death in AMI patients (β=1.89, OR=6.61, P=0.001), and the risk model combined with CFS had the best predictive effect (AUC=0.845, P=0.000).Conclusion·Assessment by CFS in AMI patients who completed in-hospital CR contributes to identifying AMI patients with high risk of all-cause death in 1 year

Trends in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma on the lip incidence and mortality in the United States, 2000–2019

ObjectiveThis study provided a systematic analysis of the trend in incidence and incidence-based mortality for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) on the lips in the USA using demographic characteristics from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.MethodsPatients diagnosed with cSCC on the lips between 2000 and 2019 from the 17 registries of the USA were identified. Incidence and incidence-based mortality rates were analyzed using SEER*Stat 8.4.0.1 software. This paper calculated incidence rates and incidence-based mortality rates by 100,000 person-years for sex, age, race, SEER registries, median household income ($/year), rural-urban distribution, and primary site. The annual percent changes (APC) in incidence and incidence-based mortality rates were then calculated using joinpoint regression software.ResultsAmong 8,625 patients diagnosed with cSCC on the lips from 2000 to 2019, men (74.67%), white (95.21%), and 60–79 years old were the most common population, and 3,869 deaths from cSCC on the lips occurred. The overall incidence of cSCC on the lips was 0.516 per 100,000 person-years. cSCC on the lip incidence rates were highest among men, white, and patients aged 60–79 years old. cSCC on the lip incidence rates decreased by 3.210%/year over the study period. The incidence of cSCC on the lips has been decreasing in all sexes, ages, high- or low-income households, and urban or rural patients. The overall incidence-based mortality rate of cSCC on the lips during 2000–2019 was 0.235 per 100,000 person-years. cSCC on the lip incidence-based mortality rates were highest among men, whites, and people older than 80 years old. cSCC on the lip incidence-based mortality increased by 4.975%/year over the study period. cSCC on the lip incidence-based mortality rates increased for all sexes, races, ages, primary sites, high- or low-income households, and urban or rural patients during the study period.ConclusionAmong patients in the USA diagnosed with cSCC on the lips from 2000 to 2019, the overall incidence decreased by 3.210% annually, and incidence-based mortality increased by 4.975%/year. These findings update and supplement the epidemiological information of cSCC on the lips in the USA

Détecteurs moyen-infrarouge à multi-puits quantiques ultra-rapides, à base d'antennes patch

Cette thèse est consacrée à la conception, la fabrication et la caractérisation expérimentale de photodétecteurs ultra-rapides à base de semi-conducteurs fonctionnant dans le moyen infrarouge (~3-12um). Plus précisément, les détecteurs que j'ai développés, généralement appelés photodétecteurs infrarouges à multi-puits quantiques (QWIP), reposent sur des transitions inter-sous-bandes (ISB) dans une hétérostructure GaAs-Al_0.2Ga_0.8As, où un électron occupant l'état fondamental d'un puits quantique est photoexcité dans un état supérieur, se trouvant en proximit du continuum d'énergie au-dessus des barrières d'AlGaAs.Dans mon travail, j'ai exploité une géométrie de dispositif spécifique qui permet le couplage de la lumière à incidence normale, basée sur un réseau bidimensionnel d'antennes patch métalliques connectées électriquement. Chaque antenne est obtenue en intercalant l'hétérostructure multipuits quantique GaAs-AlGaAs entre une couche métallique de contact supérieure et un plan de masse métallique inférieur, formant ainsi une microcavité carrée métal-diélectrique-métal, où le mode électromagnétique TM fondamental est en résonance avec le l'énergie de la transition ISB. Enfin, pour permettre l'extraction de micro-ondes sur une large bande, le réseau d'antennes est connecté à un guide d'onde coplanaire 50Ohm, intégré de façon monolithique.Dans la première partie de mon travail, j'ai conçu les antennes pour une détection optimale à une longueur d'onde de 10 µm. Cela a été fait par le biais de simulations à l'aide d'un solveur électromagnétique commercial basé sur la méthode des éléments finis (FDTD). Sur la base des résultats des simulations, j'ai fabriqué un ensemble de structures préliminaires, sans guide d'onde coplanaire, afin de caractériser les propriétés optiques du réseau d'antennes par des mesures de micro-réflectance par transformée de Fourier. Ces mesures m'ont permis de sélectionner les dimensions optimales du réseau de patchs, à savoir la taille latérale du patch carré et la périodicité du réseau.La deuxième partie de mon travail a été consacrée à la fabrication du détecteur QWIP complet, y compris le guide d'onde coplanaire intégré. Dans ces détecteurs, la taille du réseau d'antennes bidimensionnelles a été réduite au minimum, sans pour autant compromettre la collection de la radiation incidente, afin de réduire autant que possible la constante de temps RC du dispositif et donc de maximiser la vitesse du détecteur. J'ai fabriqué deux générations de détecteurs reposant sur deux régions actives légèrement différentes, respectivement basées sur une transition ISB de type lié-lié et lié-continu. Dans la dernière partie de mon doctorat, j'ai également fabriqué une troisième génération de dispositifs, où le réseau de patchs, plutôt qu'à un guide d'onde coplanaire, est connecté à une antenne THz spirale. Ce dispositif n'a pas été caractérisé dans ce travail et je présente sa pertinence dans le cadre de cette Thèse dans les perspectives.La dernière partie de la thèse est consacrée à la caractérisation électro-optique des détecteurs fabriqués. Tout d'abord, j'ai mesuré le courant d'obscurité, la dépendance à la polarisation et la photoréponse continue, ce qui m'a permis de déterminer la responsivité à 77K et 300K. Ensuite, j'ai caractérisé la réponse en fréquence micro-onde des détecteurs. A cet effet, j'ai participé à la mise en place d'un banc expérimental basé sur une station sous pointes cryogénique large bande (67GHz). Dans ce banc, les faisceaux de deux lasers à cascade quantique (QCL) émettant à une longueur d'onde de 10.3 µm sont focalisés simultanément sur le détecteur QWIP pour générer un signal de battement hétérodyne à leur différence de fréquence. En changeant la température/courant d’un QCL, la fréquence de battement hétérodyne peut être balayée en continu, permettant ainsi d’obtenir la réponse en fréquence du détecteur à l'aide d'un analyseur de spectre. A température ambiante j'obtiens une réponse.This Thesis is devoted to the conception, fabrication and experimental characterization of semiconductor-based ultra-fast photodetectors operating in the mid-infrared range (~3-12um). More specifically, the detectors that I have developed, generally known as multi-quantum-well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs), rely on intersubband (ISB) transitions in a GaAs-Al_0.2Ga_0.8As heterostructure, where an electron occupying the ground state of a quantum-well is photoexcited into an upper state, lying next to the energy continuum above the AlGaAs barriers.In my work I have exploited a specific device geometry that allows light-coupling at normal incidence, based on a two-dimensional array of electrically connected metallic patch-antennas. Each antenna is obtained by sandwiching the GaAs-AlGaAs multi-quantum-well heterostructure between a top contact metal layer and a bottom metallic ground plane, effectively forming a square metal-dielectric-metal microcavity, where the fundamental TM electromagnetic mode is resonant with the energy of the ISB transition. Finally, to allow for broadband microwave extraction, the antenna array is connected to a 50Ohm, monolithically integrated coplanar waveguide.In the first part of my work I have designed the antennas for optimum detection at 10um wavelength. This was done by running a set of simulations using a commercial electromagnetic solver based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Based on the results of the simulations I have fabricated a set of preliminary structures, without coplanar waveguide, to characterize the optical properties of the antenna array through Fourier transform micro-reflectance measurements. These measurements have allowed me to select the optimum patch array dimensions, namely the lateral size of the square-patch and the array periodicity.The second part of my work has been dedicated to the fabrication of the complete QWIP detector, including the monolithically integrated coplanar waveguide. In these detectors the size of the two-dimensional antenna array has been kept to a minimum, without compromising the radiation collection, in order to reduce as much as possible the device parasitic RC time constant and therefore maximize the detector speed. I have fabricated two generations of detectors relying on two slightly different active regions, respectively based on a bound-to-bound and a bound-to-continuum design. In the final part of my PhD I have also fabricated a third generation of devices, where the patch array, rather than to a coplanar waveguide, is connected to a spiral THz antenna. This device has not been characterized in this work and I present its relevance in the context of this Thesis in the perspectives.The last part of the Thesis is dedicated to the electro-optical characterization of the fabricated detectors. First, I have measured the dark current, the polarization dependence, and the dc photoresponse, that allowed me to determine the responsivity at 77K and 300K. Then I characterized the microwave frequency response of the detectors. To this end I have participated to the setup of an experimental apparatus based a high-speed (67GHz) cryogenic probe station. In this apparatus the beams of two quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) emitting at 10.3um wavelength, are simultaneously focused on the QWIP detector to generate a hererodyne signal at their difference frequency. By temperature/current tuning the emission wavelength of one QCL the heterodyne frequency can be swept continuously, thus allowing the measurement of the detector frequency response with the help of a spectrum analyzer. At room-temperature I obtain a flat frequency response up to 70GHz, solely limited by the bandwidth of the acquisition electronics. This is the broadest RF- bandwidth reported to date for a QWIP photodetector. To analyze the experimental data, I have modelled the electrical behavior of the QWIP using a small-signal equivalent circuit model