COVID-19 infection is a significant risk factor for death in patients presenting with acute cholecystitis: a secondary analysis of the ChoCO-W cohort study

Background: During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, there has been a surge in cases of acute cholecystitis. The ChoCO-W global prospective study reported a higher incidence of gangrenous cholecystitis and adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Through this secondary analysis of the ChoCO-W study data, we aim to identify significant risk factors for mortality in patients with acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the role of COVID-19 infection in patient outcomes and treatment efficacy.” Methods: The ChoCO-W global prospective study reported data from 2546 patients collected at 218 centers from 42 countries admitted with acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic, from October 1, 2020, to October 31, 2021. Sixty-four of them died. Nonparametric statistical univariate analysis was performed to compare patients who died and patients who survived. Significant factors were then entered into a logistic regression model to define factors predicting mortality. Results: The significant independent factors that predicted death in the logistic regression model with were COVID-19 infection (p < 0.001), postoperative complications (p < 0.001), and type (open/laparoscopic) of surgical intervention (p = 0.003). The odds of death increased 5 times with the COVID-19 infection, 6 times in the presence of complications, and it was reduced by 86% with adequate source control. Survivors predominantly underwent urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (52.3% vs. 23.4%). Conclusions: COVID-19 was an independent risk factor for death in patients with acute cholecystitis. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy has emerged as the cornerstone of treatment for hemodynamically stable patients

Infected pancreatic necrosis: outcomes and clinical predictors of mortality. A post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study

: The identification of high-risk patients in the early stages of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is critical, because it could help the clinicians to adopt more effective management strategies. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study to assess the association between clinical risk factors and mortality among adult patients with IPN. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify prognostic factors of mortality. We identified 247 consecutive patients with IPN hospitalised between January 2019 and December 2020. History of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.135-15.882; aOR 4.245), qSOFA (p = 0.005; 95% CI 1.359-5.879; aOR 2.828), renal failure (p = 0.022; 95% CI 1.138-5.442; aOR 2.489), and haemodynamic failure (p = 0.018; 95% CI 1.184-5.978; aOR 2.661), were identified as independent predictors of mortality in IPN patients. Cholangitis (p = 0.003; 95% CI 1.598-9.930; aOR 3.983), abdominal compartment syndrome (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.090-6.967; aOR 2.735), and gastrointestinal/intra-abdominal bleeding (p = 0.009; 95% CI 1.286-5.712; aOR 2.710) were independently associated with the risk of mortality. Upfront open surgical necrosectomy was strongly associated with the risk of mortality (p < 0.001; 95% CI 1.912-7.442; aOR 3.772), whereas endoscopic drainage of pancreatic necrosis (p = 0.018; 95% CI 0.138-0.834; aOR 0.339) and enteral nutrition (p = 0.003; 95% CI 0.143-0.716; aOR 0.320) were found as protective factors. Organ failure, acute cholangitis, and upfront open surgical necrosectomy were the most significant predictors of mortality. Our study confirmed that, even in a subgroup of particularly ill patients such as those with IPN, upfront open surgery should be avoided as much as possible. Study protocol registered in ClinicalTrials.Gov (I.D. Number NCT04747990)

Clinical value of CXCL5 for determining of colorectal cancer

PubMed ID: 30255816Background: Several studies indicate that chemokines play important roles in colorectal mucosal immunity. The chemokine CXCL5 which is expressed by epithelial cells within colorectal mucosa is a promoter of cell proliferation, migration and invasion, is a novel serum prognostic marker in patients with colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether serum and tissue CXCL5 levels is altered in colorectal carcinomas (CRC) compared to colonic adenoma and normal mucosa.It also aimed to compare colon adenoma and colorectal cancer for blood CXCL5 and CEA levels, their sensitivity, and specificity. Methods: CXCL5 expression was assessed with immunohistochemistry staining in biopsy samples taken during colonoscopy in 22 colonic adenomas, 23 colorectal carcinomas and 23 normal colonic tissue samples. Also all patients' serum CXCL5 and CEA levels were measured. This stduy was prospective observational study. Results: The number of cases who were stained positive with immunohistochemistry was found to be higher in the group with CRC. When compared with the other groups, both levels of serum CXCL5 and CEA were significantly high in the group CRC. Sensitivity and specificity of serum CXCL5 were found to be low as a result of the ROC analysis. Conclusion: Although the level of CXCL5 is high in CRC, its level in serum is not significant enough to support the early diagnosis of the disease. © 2018, Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention

The effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics on infectious outcomes in bacterial translocation-created rats

45th Congress of the European-Society-for-Surgical-Research -- JUN 09-12, 2010 -- Geneva, SWITZERLANDWOS: 000281136400046European Soc Surg Re