Unveiling Clusters of RNA Transcript Pairs Associated with Markers of Alzheimer's Disease Progression

Background: One primary goal of transcriptomic studies is identifying gene expression patterns correlating with disease progression. This is usually achieved by considering transcripts that independently pass an arbitrary threshold (e.g. p<0.05). In diseases involving severe perturbations of multiple molecular systems, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), this univariate approach often results in a large list of seemingly unrelated transcripts. We utilised a powerful multivariate clustering approach to identify clusters of RNA biomarkers strongly associated with markers of AD progression. We discuss the value of considering pairs of transcripts which, in contrast to individual transcripts, helps avoid natural human transcriptome variation that can overshadow disease-related changes. Methodology/Principal Findings: We re-analysed a dataset of hippocampal transcript levels in nine controls and 22 patients with varying degrees of AD. A large-scale clustering approach determined groups of transcript probe sets that correlate strongly with measures of AD progression, including both clinical and neuropathological measures and quantifiers of the characteristic transcriptome shift from control to severe AD. This enabled identification of restricted groups of highly correlated probe sets from an initial list of 1,372 previously published by our group. We repeated this analysis on an expanded dataset that included all pair-wise combinations of the 1,372 probe sets. As clustering of this massive dataset is unfeasible using standard computational tools, we adapted and re-implemented a clustering algorithm that uses external memory algorithmic approach. This identified various pairs that strongly correlated with markers of AD progression and highlighted important biological pathways potentially involved in AD pathogenesis. Conclusions/Significance: Our analyses demonstrate that, although there exists a relatively large molecular signature of AD progression, only a small number of transcripts recurrently cluster with different markers of AD progression. Furthermore, considering the relationship between two transcripts can highlight important biological relationships that are missed when considering either transcript in isolation. © 2012 Arefin et al

Moderated Mediating Effect of Behavioral Psychology on Generation Z’s Selfie-Posting Behavior: A Two-Stage Analytical Approach

Received 11 February 2024. Accepted 3 August 2024. Published online 21 October 2024.The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating and moderating effects of body appreciation and exhibitionism on the relationships between self-esteem, narcissism, and Selfie-Posting Behavior (SPB), as well as on the moderating effect of attitude towards selfies (ATS) from the Generation Z perspective. The research comprised 414 samples through convenience sampling. The empirical data were analyzed using a hybrid SEM-artificial neural network (SEM-ANN) approach. The sensitivity analysis outcomes discovered that body appreciation has the most considerable effect on the SPB, with 89.18% normalized importance, followed by narcissism (87.02%), exhibitionism (72.66%), and self-esteem (48.95%). Body appreciation and exhibitionism independently and sequentially mediated the relationships between self-esteem and SPB, as well as narcissism and SPB. In addition, attitude moderated the relationship between exhibitionism and SPB but not the relationship between body appreciation and SPB. The study results emphasize the importance of recognizing the moderating mechanisms that affect the mediated pathways between self-esteem and SPB, as well as between narcissism and SPB. Based on these findings, the study outlined several applicable ramifications for educators, professionals, service providers, designers, and developers

PHYTOREMEDIATION OF BORON CONTAMINATED SOILS BY NATURALLY GROWN WEEDS

Although maximum accumulation of boron was found in Water cress but it is not abundant in the rice field; while Joina, Barnyard grass and Chisra are frequently grown. Considering the absorption pattern, biomass and toxicity tolerance Joina and Barnyard grass are the best performer and can be considered as the mitigation of boron contaminated soil due to irrigation water. Water cress and Malancha can be used for remediation of stagnant boron contaminated water as a means of phytoremediation technology. Key words: Phytoremediation, Boron Contamination, stacking and aromatic rice INTRODUCTION Now a day Phytoremediation is an emerging technology. It is a quite novel technique of cleaning polluted sites through the use of plants. Phytoremediation methods are comparatively cheap and ecologically advantageous, compared to common technological approaches. Now, the world is sailing its voyage towards to the green technology. Green plants are being used to remove pollutants from the environment or to render them harmless. There are several species of plants known for their phytoremediative abilities. Two Brassica species Brassica juncea and Brassica carinata are experimentally screened for the remediation of nickel contaminated soil. Between these two species, Brassica juncea has the potential to be hyper accumulator of Ni (Panwar et al., 2002)