Oral Reading Miscues and Their Relation to Silent Reading Comprehension in Children With and Without Learning Disabilities

Oral reading fluency (ORF) has been widely used as a measure of students’ overall reading competency. However, accuracy, or words correct per minute (wcpm), derived from ORF testing may not reveal all aspects of a student’s reading abilities. The present study investigated the oral reading miscue patterns of students with and without learning disabilities (LD). In addition, the predictability of oral reading miscues on silent reading comprehension performance was examined. Using the Gray Oral Reading Tests-Fifth Edition miscue coding system to categorize students’ oral reading miscues, study findings suggest that there are differences in the oral reading miscue patterns of students with and without LD. Moreover, two miscue categories, function similarity and meaning similarity, significantly predicted silent reading comprehension performance. The discussion focuses on how incorporating oral reading miscue analysis along with rate and accuracy can add a layer of information to help teachers in their decision-making for instructional alignment

Cornish identities and migration: a multi-scalar approach

The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com. 24 month embargo by the publisher. Article will be released July 2009.In this article we argue that theories of transnationalism have value in exploring the historical context of migration and that historical contexts help to shape such theoretical conceptualizations. Historians of migration have now begun to engage more directly with the literature of transnationalism, focusing on the networks that linked settler and home communities. Here we add to this by examining a nineteenth-century migrant community from a British region through the lens of transnationalism, applying the concept to the case of the Cornish, whose economic specialization produced culturally distinct Cornish communities on the mining frontiers of North America, Australia and South Africa. In doing so, we bring together the issues of scale and time. We review the multiple levels of the Cornish transnational space of the late nineteenth century, which exhibited aspects of both core transnationalism and translocalism. This waned, but in the later twentieth century, a renewed interest in a transnational Cornish identity re-emerged, articulating with changing identity claims in Cornwall itself. To capture better the experience of the Cornish over these two very different phases of transnationalism we identify another subset of transnationalism - that of transregionalism.Leverhulme Trus

Neural Correlates of Stimulus–Response and Response–Outcome Associations in Dorsolateral Versus Dorsomedial Striatum

Considerable evidence suggests that there is functional heterogeneity in the control of behavior by the dorsal striatum. Dorsomedial striatum may support goal-directed behavior by representing associations between responses and outcomes (R–O associations). The dorsolateral striatum, in contrast, may support motor habits by encoding associations between stimuli and responses (S–R associations). To test whether neural correlates in striatum in fact conform to this pattern, we recorded single-units in dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatum of rats performing a task in which R–O contingencies were manipulated independently of S–R contingencies. Among response-selective neurons in both regions, activity was significantly modulated by the initial stimulus, providing evidence of S–R encoding. Similarly, response selectivity was significantly modulated by the associated outcome in both regions, providing evidence of R–O encoding. In both regions, this outcome-modulation did not seem to reflect the relative value of the expected outcome, but rather its specific identity. Finally, in both regions we found correlates of the available action–outcome contingencies reflected in the baseline activity of many neurons. These results suggest that differences in information content in these two regions may not determine the differential roles they play in controlling behavior, demonstrated in previous studies

Prospectus, May 2, 1984

SUPPORT YOUR COLLEGE! VOTE FOR STUDENT GOVERNMENT OFFICERS; News Digest; Students protest CIA campus recruitment; PC Happenings; Humanities Awards Program Summer Research; Student Government candidate platforms; Fearing suits, many colleges move to control students closely; Creative Corner...Especially for you!!; Energy from the Garden; Elf; Bums; Rites of Passage; Angie; To Those Who Have Loved and Lost...; Nuclear Weapons Freeze; Finney\u27s Famous Fanwich, on Rye; Settlement on the Sangamon; Freedom summer campaign seeks 5,000 students; Campaign for a Humane Center; Non-Event kick-off; Did you know...; Classifieds; Parkland\u27s Fine Art students\u27 work exhibited in Art Gallery; Philosophy discussion group--know yourself and your world; Top AHT students receive awards; March of Dimes plans events; Two artists exhibit work; Campus springtime; \u27The Hollywood Hall of Shame\u27 -- behind the scenes dirt; \u27Android\u27 high quality with low budget; WILL airs high drama; Sports Digest; Midwest Open successful; Parkland\u27s women\u27s basketball team finishes third offensively; Scholarships should help Parkland\u27s athletics; Cobras split with Vincennes with two from Olneyhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1984/1022/thumbnail.jp

Back to the Future – In support of a renewed emphasis on generic agility training within sports-specific developmental pathways

Perhaps as a consequence of increased specialism in training and support, the focus on engendering and maintaining agility as a generic quality has diminished within many contemporary sports performance programmes. Reflecting this, we outline a rationale suggesting that such a decreased focus represents an oversight which may be detrimental to maximising the potential of performers. We present an evidence-based argument that both generic and specific elements of agility performance should be consistently emphasised within long-term performance-training programmes. We contend that prematurely early specialisation in athlete development models can diminish focus on generic movement skill development with a subsequent detriment in adult performance. Especially when this is coupled with poor primary physical education and limited movement experiences. More speculatively, we propose that generic agility can play a role in operationalising movement development through facilitating skill transfer: thereby enabling the learning of new skills, reduce incidence of injury and facilitating re-learning of old skills during rehabilitation and Return-to-Play processes

Primary Raynaud's phenomenon in an infant: a case report and review of literature

Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is an extremely unusual finding in early infancy. In the present report we describe a one-month-old previously healthy male infant who presented with unilateral acrocyanosis. Although infantile acrocyanosis is known to be a benign and self-resolving condition, it is generally bilateral and symmetric. The unilateral nature of the acrocyanosis was an atypical finding in this infant. Consequently, he was closely monitored to evaluate the progression of his acrocyanosis. Based on his benign clinical course and failure to demonstrate other etiologies contributing to his acrocyanosis, he was diagnosed to have primary RP. Due to the rarity of RP in children, we review the progress in understanding the pathophysiology, epidemiology and management of RP and additionally discuss the differential diagnosis of unilateral and bilateral acrocyanosis in infants

On LEM/LES methodology for two-phase flows

A two-phase subgrid combustion model developed earlier has been evaluated for applicability in large-eddy simulations (LES). Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of two-phase isotropic turbulence in the presence of passive, momentum-coupled and vaporizing droplets has been extensively studied to form a base-line database. Current DNS results agree with earlier studies and show that the presence of droplets increase the kinetic energy and dissipation at the small scales. LES for these same cases were also carried out to investigate what modifications are needed to incorporate the small-scale turbulence modifications seen in DNS of two-phase flows. LES subgrid modeling for two-phase mixing within the context of the new subgrid combustion model is also addressed