Triplet Rydberg States of Aluminum Monofluoride

Aluminum monofluoride (AlF) is a suitable molecule for laser cooling and trapping. Such experiments require an extensive spectroscopic characterization of the electronic structure. Two of the theoretically predicted higher lying triplet states of AlF, the counterparts of the well-characterized D1Δ and E1Π states, had experimentally not been identified yet. We here report on the characterization of the d3Π (v=0−6) and e3Δ (v=0−2) states, confirming the predicted energetic ordering of these states (J. Chem. Phys. 88 (1988) 5715-5725), as well as of the f3Σ+ (v=0−2) state. The transition intensity of the d3Π,v=3 − a3Π,v=3 band is negligibly small. This band gets its weak, unexpected rotational structure via intensity borrowing from the nearby e3Δ,v=2 − a3Π,v=3 band, made possible via spin-orbit and spin-rotation interaction between the d3Π and e3Δ states. This interaction affects the equilibrium rotational constants in both states; their deperturbed values yield equilibrium internuclear distances that are consistent with the observations. We determine the ionization potential of AlF to be 78492(1) cm-1 by ionization from the d3Π state

Influence of rotor position on the design of electric drive system

Confronted to new social, environmental and economic challenges, the automotive sector is currently facing a major shift of its history. To address them and without hindering the customers’ expectation, the solution are various and multiple. Among them, drivetrain electrification is currently a topic of high interest. The best utilization of the electrical energy is one of the core topics and influences the design of the entire vehicle. In the case of the electric drive system (electric machine and inverter), each sub-parts are concerned down to the resolver. Even small error can induce faulty estimation of the machine parameter which leads to torque and current deviations. These deviations will generate higher losses in the machine and therefore the system performance is reduced. To fulfil the automotive specific target of the resolver as well as the requirements of a sustainable mobility, a consistent knowledge of its principle is required. The focus of this paper is therefore set on the investigation of the angle error and particularly on its influence on the entire electric drive system. The paper presents thus models for the understanding of the resolver challenges before detailing the modelling approach to consider its influence on the entire electric drive system

Long-Term Stability of Short-Term Intensive Language–Action Therapy in Chronic Aphasia: A 1–2 year Follow-Up Study

Background. Intensive aphasia therapy can improve language functions in chronic aphasia over a short therapy interval of 2–4 weeks. For one intensive method, intensive language–action therapy, beneficial effects are well documented by a range of randomized controlled trials. However, it is unclear to date whether therapy-related improvements are maintained over years. Objective. The current study aimed at investigating long-term stability of ILAT treatment effects over circa 1–2 years (8–30 months). Methods. 38 patients with chronic aphasia participated in ILAT and were re-assessed at a follow-up assessment 8–30 months after treatment, which had been delivered 6–12.5 hours per week for 2–4 weeks. Results. A standardized clinical aphasia battery, the Aachen Aphasia Test, revealed significant improvements with ILAT that were maintained for up to 2.5 years. Improvements were relatively better preserved in comparatively young patients (&lt;60 years). Measures of communicative efficacy confirmed improvements during intensive therapy but showed inconsistent long-term stability effects. Conclusions. The present data indicate that gains resulting from intensive speech–language therapy with ILAT are maintained up to 2.5 years after the end of treatment. We discuss this novel finding in light of a possible move from sparse to intensive therapy regimes in clinical practice. </jats:p