Surface-induced near-field scaling in the Knudsen layer of a rarefied gas

We report on experiments performed within the Knudsen boundary layer of a low-pressure gas. The non-invasive probe we use is a suspended nano-electro-mechanical string (NEMS), which interacts with $^4$He gas at cryogenic temperatures. When the pressure $P$ is decreased, a reduction of the damping force below molecular friction $\propto P$ had been first reported in Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol 113, 136101 (2014) and never reproduced since. We demonstrate that this effect is independent of geometry, but dependent on temperature. Within the framework of kinetic theory, this reduction is interpreted as a rarefaction phenomenon, carried through the boundary layer by a deviation from the usual Maxwell-Boltzmann equilibrium distribution induced by surface scattering. Adsorbed atoms are shown to play a key role in the process, which explains why room temperature data fail to reproduce it.Comment: Article plus supplementary materia

Domain wall partition functions and KP

We observe that the partition function of the six vertex model on a finite square lattice with domain wall boundary conditions is (a restriction of) a KP tau function and express it as an expectation value of charged free fermions (up to an overall normalization).Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX2

The dynamical spin structure factor for the anisotropic spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain

The longitudinal spin structure factor for the XXZ-chain at small wave-vector q is obtained using Bethe Ansatz, field theory methods and the Density Matrix Renormalization Group. It consists of a peak with peculiar, non-Lorentzian shape and a high-frequency tail. We show that the width of the peak is proportional to q^2 for finite magnetic field compared to q^3 for zero field. For the tail we derive an analytic formula without any adjustable parameters and demonstrate that the integrability of the model directly affects the lineshape.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, published versio

On factorizing FF-matrices in Y(sln)Y(sl_n) and Uq(sln^)U_q(\hat{sl_n}) spin chains

We consider quantum spin chains arising from $N$-fold tensor products of the fundamental evaluation representations of $Y(sl_n)$ and $U_q(\hat{sl_n})$. Using the partial $F$-matrix formalism from the seminal work of Maillet and Sanchez de Santos, we derive a completely factorized expression for the $F$-matrix of such models and prove its equivalence to the expression obtained by Albert, Boos, Flume and Ruhlig. A new relation between the $F$-matrices and the Bethe eigenvectors of these spin chains is given.Comment: 30 page

Resolution of the Nested Hierarchy for Rational sl(n) Models

We construct Drinfel'd twists for the rational sl(n) XXX-model giving rise to a completely symmetric representation of the monodromy matrix. We obtain a polarization free representation of the pseudoparticle creation operators figuring in the construction of the Bethe vectors within the framework of the quantum inverse scattering method. This representation enables us to resolve the hierarchy of the nested Bethe ansatz for the sl(n) invariant rational Heisenberg model. Our results generalize the findings of Maillet and Sanchez de Santos for sl(2) models.Comment: 25 pages, no figure

Measuring frequency fluctuations in nonlinear nanomechanical resonators

Advances in nanomechanics within recent years have demonstrated an always expanding range of devices, from top-down structures to appealing bottom-up MoS$_2$ and graphene membranes, used for both sensing and component-oriented applications. One of the main concerns in all of these devices is frequency noise, which ultimately limits their applicability. This issue has attracted a lot of attention recently, and the origin of this noise remains elusive up to date. In this Letter we present a very simple technique to measure frequency noise in nonlinear mechanical devices, based on the presence of bistability. It is illustrated on silicon-nitride high-stress doubly-clamped beams, in a cryogenic environment. We report on the same $T/f$ dependence of the frequency noise power spectra as reported in the literature. But we also find unexpected {\it damping fluctuations}, amplified in the vicinity of the bifurcation points; this effect is clearly distinct from already reported nonlinear dephasing, and poses a fundamental limit on the measurement of bifurcation frequencies. The technique is further applied to the measurement of frequency noise as a function of mode number, within the same device. The relative frequency noise for the fundamental flexure $\delta f/f_0$ lies in the range $0.5 - 0.01~$ppm (consistent with literature for cryogenic MHz devices), and decreases with mode number in the range studied. The technique can be applied to {\it any types} of nano-mechanical structures, enabling progresses towards the understanding of intrinsic sources of noise in these devices.Comment: Published 7 may 201

On the thermodynamic limit of form factors in the massless XXZ Heisenberg chain

We consider the problem of computing form factors of the massless XXZ Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain in a magnetic field in the (thermodynamic) limit where the size M of the chain becomes large. For that purpose, we take the particular example of the matrix element of the third component of spin between the ground state and an excited state with one particle and one hole located at the opposite ends of the Fermi interval (umklapp-type term). We exhibit its power-law decrease in terms of the size of the chain M, and compute the corresponding exponent and amplitude. As a consequence, we show that this form factor is directly related to the amplitude of the leading oscillating term in the long-distance asymptotic expansion of the two-point correlation function of the third component of spin.Comment: 28 page

Traces on the Sklyanin algebra and correlation functions of the eight-vertex model

We propose a conjectural formula for correlation functions of the Z-invariant (inhomogeneous) eight-vertex model. We refer to this conjecture as Ansatz. It states that correlation functions are linear combinations of products of three transcendental functions, with theta functions and derivatives as coefficients. The transcendental functions are essentially logarithmic derivatives of the partition function per site. The coefficients are given in terms of a linear functional on the Sklyanin algebra, which interpolates the usual trace on finite dimensional representations. We establish the existence of the functional and discuss the connection to the geometry of the classical limit. We also conjecture that the Ansatz satisfies the reduced qKZ equation. As a non-trivial example of the Ansatz, we present a new formula for the next-nearest neighbor correlation functions.Comment: 35 pages, 2 figures, final versio

Elastic Scattering of Pions From the Three-nucleon System

We examine the scattering of charged pions from the trinucleon system at a pion energy of 180 MeV. The motivation for this study is the structure seen in the experimental angular distribution of back-angle scattering for pi+ 3He and pi- 3H but for neither pi- 3He nor pi+ 3H. We consider the addition of a double spin flip term to an optical model treatment and find that, though the contribution of this term is non-negligible at large angles for pi+ 3He and pi- 3H, it does not reproduce the structure seen in the experiment.Comment: 15 pages + 5 figure

The sine-Gordon model with integrable defects revisited

Application of our algebraic approach to Liouville integrable defects is proposed for the sine-Gordon model. Integrability of the model is ensured by the underlying classical r-matrix algebra. The first local integrals of motion are identified together with the corresponding Lax pairs. Continuity conditions imposed on the time components of the entailed Lax pairs give rise to the sewing conditions on the defect point consistent with Liouville integrability.Comment: 24 pages Latex. Minor modifications, added comment