Overexpression of Na+/Mg2+ exchanger SLC41A1 attenuates pro-survival signaling

The Na+/Mg2+ exchanger SLC41A1 (A1), a key component of intracellular Mg homeostasis (IMH), is the major cellular Mg2+ efflux system, and its overexpression decreases [Mg2+]intracellular. IMH plays an important role in the regulation of many cellular processes, including cellular signaling. However, whether the overexpression of A1 and the consequent drop of [Mg2+]i impact on intracellular signaling is unknown. To examine the latter, we utilized dynamic mass redistribution (DMR) assay, PathScan® RTK signaling antibody (PRSA) array, confirmatory Western blot (WB) analyses of phosphorylation of kinases selected by PRSA, and mag-fura 2-assisted fast filter spectrometry (FFS). We demonstrate here that the overexpression of A1 quantitatively and qualitatively changes the DMR signal evoked by the application of PAR-1-selective activating peptide and/or by changing [Mg2+]extracellular in HEK293 cells. PRSA profiling of the phosphorylation of important signaling nodes followed by confirmatory WB has revealed that, in HEK293 cells, A1 overexpression significantly attenuates the phosphorylation of Akt/PKB on Thr308 and/or Ser473 and of Erk1/2 on Thr202/Tyr204 in the presence of 0 or 1 mM (physiological) Mg2+ in the bath solution. The latter is also true for SH-SY5Y and HeLa cells. Overexpression of A1 in HEK293 cells significantly lowers [Mg2+]i in the presence of [Mg2+]e = 0 or 1 mM. This correlates with the observed attenuation of prosurvival Akt/PKB – Erk1/2 signaling in these cells. Thus, A1 expression status and [Mg2+]e (and consequently also [Mg2+]i) modulate the complex physiological fingerprint of the cell and influence the activity of kinases involved in anti-apoptotic and, hence, pro-survival events in cells

A survey on subjecting electronic product code and non-ID objects to IP identification

Over the last decade, both research on the Internet of Things (IoT) and real-world IoT applications have grown exponentially. The IoT provides us with smarter cities, intelligent homes, and generally more comfortable lives. However, the introduction of these devices has led to several new challenges that must be addressed. One of the critical challenges facing interacting with IoT devices is to address billions of devices (things) around the world, including computers, tablets, smartphones, wearable devices, sensors, and embedded computers, and so on. This article provides a survey on subjecting Electronic Product Code and non-ID objects to IP identification for IoT devices, including their advantages and disadvantages thereof. Different metrics are here proposed and used for evaluating these methods. In particular, the main methods are evaluated in terms of their: (i) computational overhead, (ii) scalability, (iii) adaptability, (iv) implementation cost, and (v) whether applicable to already ID-based objects and presented in tabular format. Finally, the article proves that this field of research will still be ongoing, but any new technique must favorably offer the mentioned five evaluative parameters.Comment: 112 references, 8 figures, 6 tables, Journal of Engineering Reports, Wiley, 2020 (Open Access

Analysis of the flow and heat transfer characteristics for MHD free convection in an enclosure with a heated obstacle

Finite element method based on Galerkin weighted Residual approach is used to solve two-dimensional governing mass, momentum and energy equations for steady state, natural convection flow in presence of magnetic field inside a square enclosure. The cavity consists of three adiabatic walls and one constantly heated wall. A uniformly heated circular solid body is located at the centre of the enclosure. The aim of this study is to describe the effects of MHD on the flow and thermal fields in presence of such heated obstacle. The investigations are conducted for different values of Rayleigh number (Ra) and Hartmann number (Ha). Various characteristics of streamlines, isotherms and heat transfer rate in terms of the average Nusselt number (Nu) are presented for different parameters. The effect of physical parameter (D) is also shown here. The results indicate that the flow pattern and temperature field are significantly dependent on the above mentioned parameters

Shifting Coalitions within the Youth Climate Movement in the US

How has the youth climate movement in the US grown since the Climate Strikes began and in what ways did it change as it grew? This article takes advantage of a unique dataset that includes surveys from activists who organized the nationally coordinated climate strikes in the US that began with Fridays for Future in spring 2019. Building on the research on alliance building and strategic coalitions, this article analyzes how the patterns of participation changed over the period of the study. We employ social network analysis to map the affiliation networks among the organizers of these events to assess the coalitions of groups involved and the shifting organizational landscape. Our analysis does not provide evidence that groups spanned the boundaries across movements, nor does it show that identity plays a role in coalition building in this movement. Instead, by mapping out the coalition of organizations within this movement and how connections among them change over time, we see clear evidence that this youth-led movement was reoriented by adult-led organizations. Our article concludes by considering how these findings suggest the future trajectory of the youth climate movement and its role in a ‘new climate politics’ in America

Trigliserida Sebagai Faktor Prognosis Untuk Hipertensi Tidak Terkendali Pada Wanita Pasca Menopause Di Kota Bogor, Tahun 2014

Further analysis aimed to determine the new cut-off correlation between blood triglyceride levels withuncontrolled hypertension among 888 postmenopausal women from two-year follow up of the cohort studyin Bogor. Uncontrolled hypertension was defined as the average of systolic and diastolic are >140mmHgand >90mmHg consecutively with no underlying diseases and systolic is >130mmHg with co-morbidityat the end of 2-year follow up. The covariate variables included demography, behavior and biologicalfactors. The new triglyceride\u27s cut off was determined by ROC curve with 65% sensitivity and 68%specificity. Data were analyzed with multiple logistic regression. Blood triglyceride level significantlycorrelated with uncontrolled hypertension (p=0.007) after adjusted with LDL, postprandial blood sugarand sodium intake. Triglyceride levels of 108-149mg/dl resulted in OR of 1.54 (95% CI 0.95 to 2.48),150-199mg/dl showed OR of 2.04 (95% CI 1.06 to 3.93) and level of >200 indicated an OR 2.1 (95% CI1.02 to 4.30) compared to normal level (<108mg/dl). Triglyceride level of 108mg/dl is a new cut-off todetermine uncontrolled hypertension in postmenopausal women in the study area. Blood triglyceride\u27slevel can be used as a prognostic factor for hypertensive patients to monitor blood pressure increment

Knowledge Level of Farmers on Recommended Cultivation Practices of Off-season Vegetable Crops under Low Cost Polyhouse Technology in Assam

Low cost polyhouse technology enables farmers to cultivate vegetables during Off-season and also fetch higher price to the farmers. Off-season cultivation of vegetable refers to the production of the vegetable before or after of its normal productive season. As the Off-season vegetable cultivation under polyhouse technology need some skills or knowledge, which is not similar to that of normal productive seasons. Therefore, this study is conducted to assess the knowledge level of the farmers on the recommended cultivation practices of some selected Off-season vegetable crops under the low cost polyhouse technology in Assam. The study was carried out in 4 different districts of Assam which was selected depending upon the presence of RKVY (Rashtria Krishi Vikash Yojana) beneficiaries. Amongst them 80 beneficiaries gave their positive respond to the work and hence considered to be the sample for this particular case. Statistical analyses with the collected data were done which includes frequency distribution, percentage calculation, mean and standard deviation along with knowledge test. The major finding of the study shows about (62.50%) of population had medium level of knowledge regarding the polyhouse technology skill. Implementation of this newer skill will enrich the farmers to develop much more off season crops, rather agricultural sector will contribute to the economy of the nation. This particular case study will help to maintain the flow of the “Off season†crops & meet up the needs of general population

Heat treatment effect on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of plasma polymerized furan-2-carbaldehyde thin films

The furan-2-carbaldehyde (PPFCD) amorphous polymer thin films, with several thicknesses, were deposited onto glass substrates using a glow discharge of monomer FCD at ordinary room temperature via plasma polymerization technique. The structural, morphological, and optical characteristics of the as synthesised PPFCD amorphous films were studied as a function of temperature via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectroscopy. The amorphous nature of the thin films was ascertained in both as-synthesised and heat treated states using the XRD studies. The SEM micrographs display homogeneous and fracture free surface of PPFCD films and no remarkable variation in the surface morphology of the as synthesised films was detected owing to the heat treatment procedure. However, the EDX, and FTIR analysis represented some structural rearrangement originated from the heat treatment of the PPFCD thin films. The analysis of the UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy revealed that the absorbance of the films depend on the films thickness and the temperature of the heat treatment. The optical band-gaps of PPFCD amorphous films were found to be significantly decreased with the gradual rise in heat treatment temperature

The spectrum and clinical impact of epigenetic modifier mutations in myeloma

Epigenetic dysregulation is known to be an important contributor to myeloma pathogenesis but, unlike in other B cell malignancies, the full spectrum of somatic mutations in epigenetic modifiers has not been previously reported. We sought to address this using results from whole-exome sequencing in the context of a large prospective clinical trial of newly diagnosed patients and targeted sequencing in a cohort of previously treated patients for comparison.Whole-exome sequencing analysis of 463 presenting myeloma cases entered in the UK NCRI Myeloma XI study and targeted sequencing analysis of 156 previously treated cases from the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. We correlated the presence of mutations with clinical outcome from diagnosis and compared the mutations found at diagnosis with later stages of disease.In diagnostic myeloma patient samples we identify significant mutations in genes encoding the histone 1 linker protein, previously identified in other B-cell malignancies. Our data suggest an adverse prognostic impact from the presence of lesions in genes encoding DNA methylation modifiers and the histone demethylase KDM6A/UTX. The frequency of mutations in epigenetic modifiers appears to increase following treatment most notably in genes encoding histone methyltransferases and DNA methylation modifiers.Numerous mutations identified raise the possibility of targeted treatment strategies for patients either at diagnosis or relapse supporting the use of sequencing-based diagnostics in myeloma to help guide therapy as more epigenetic targeted agents become available

Nursing students motivations and satisfaction, Do the motivation and satisfaction of nursing students change during their study years?

Background: Study the level of nursing students` motivations and satisfaction may help policy makers to develop training plans to improve graduates skills and commitment. This study was conducted to investigate nursing students' motivations and satisfaction during study years at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical sciences. Methods:It was a cross-sectional study to explore 197 nursing students' viewpoints about their fields. A validated and reliable self-made questionnaire was developed and used. Data analysis was carried out by descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test using SPSS software (version 16). Results: The study findings showed that the most crucial motivation factors to select nursing course were “job security” and “interest in medical science” with means 3.94 and 3.68 respectively. The mean satisfaction score of the nursing students was under average (2.75). There was significant difference between mean satisfaction scores of the first and last year students (respectively, 3.69 vs. 2.90 p=0.0001). Conclusion: Level of nursing students' satisfaction get reduces after university entrance and during study years gradually. Key words: Nursing student, motivation, satisfactio

The numerical investigation of the time-dependent Couette flow of dusty Casson fluid generated by parallel Riga plates

This research explores the impact of the relative magnetic effect on the Couette flow of dusty Casson fluid between two parallel Riga plates. The mathematical model is based on a set of partial differential equations that describe the behavior of the dusty Casson fluid in interaction with the Riga plate. To convert this system of equations to its dimensionless form, appropriate transformations are used, and to solve this system numerically, explicit finite difference methods are applied to it. A graphical representation has been presented by using MatLab software for a comprehensive understanding of the effect of various non-dimensional parameters such as pressure gradient parameter (α), Casson parameter (β), modified Hartmann number (Ha), fluid concentration parameter (R), particle mass parameter (G), Eckert number (Ec), Prandtl number (Pr), and temperature relaxation time parameter (L0) on the velocity distributions u (or up) and on the temperature distributions θ (or θp), including shear stress and Nusselt number for both clean and dust fluid particles. The impacts of these parameters on the above-mentioned distributions have been discussed with their physical significance, taking the variation of any one of those parameters and with fixed values of α =1, β = 2, Ha=1, R = 0.5, G = 0.5, Ec = 0.01, Pr = 0.71, and L0 =0.8. The results reveal significant effects of relative magnetic fields on both clean fluid and dust particle motion