The Limitations of Science and the Teachings of Science from the Islamic Perspective

What is Science?In Latin "Scientia" means "knowledge." So science is defined as all theknowledge men have achieved in different places and at all times, arrangedaccording to their subject-matter. This includes knowledge gained throughDivine revelation; or by the way of human thinking and creative intellect,as well as through human legacy and tradition in these two areas. The prevailingdirection, however, tends to limit the term Science to natural and experimentalstudies of all that is within reach of the senses and intellect in this universe(i.e. matter, energy, living beings and natural phenomena). This is usuallycarried out through observation and conclusion or through experimentation,observation and conclusion, in an attempt to discover the characteristics ofmatter, energy and living things, classify all these and discover the laws governingthem. As thus defined, Science also includes deductions, suppositions,hypotheses and theories which are put forward to explain prevailing phenomena.This definition has limited Science to "a branch of study which is concernedeither with a connected body of demonstrated truths or with observed factssystematically classified and more or less collated by being brought undergeneral laws, and which includes trustworthy methods for the discovery ofnew truth within its own domain."Accodingly, human knowledge has been divided into scientific studies (bothpure and applied), literary and art studies and religious studies (studies offaith). Writers, however, differ much in classifying and chaptering humanknowledge, but the following classification seems appropriate: ...</jats:p

Les phosphates apatitiques et le ciment portland

Dans le présent travail, sera évoquée l'incorporation des phosphates marocains bruts et ceux ayant servi à la décoloration des eaux usées de textile (résidus), dans la fabrication du ciment. Les essais physico-chimiques ont montré une parfaite concordance avec les ciments normalisés. Néanmoins, une réactivité plus faible des apatites brutes par rapport à celle des résidus d'apatites a été notée. Ces résultats renforcent la valorisation des résidus d'apatite dans le ciment

Canine leishmaniasis due to

A seroprevalence study of canine leishmaniasis was carried out in five provinces in northern Morocco: Taounate, Al Hoceima, Zouagha Moulay Yacoub, Chefchaouen and Ouezzane. 55 localities have been concerned and a total of 1,013 dogs were screened, which represents almost 100% of the canine census. Of the screened dogs: 87 showed antibody titer ≥ 100 when tested by IFAT (seroprevalence of 8.6 %) and were distributed in 83 asymptomatics (without clinical symptoms) and four symptomatics (with one or several symptoms of leishmaniasis) with important variations according to the locality. Relative frequency of asymptomatic dogs was observed (8.2 %), and the seroprevalence increased in middle altitude (500 m < altitude < 1,000 m) and high altitude (≥ 1,000 m). Parasites isolated from dogs were identified as L.infantum MON- 1 by isoenzyme profile and Rsal digestion

Impact of the Nonlinear Soil Behavior on the Movements Prediction of Deep Excavations

International audienceAbstract Geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported (GRPS) embankments are becoming more popular as a solution for addressing soil structural instability. The interaction between the geosynthetic-pile-subsoil-embankment elements is crucial to the load transfer mechanism and performance of GRPS embankments. Several analytical models for GRPS embankment design have been proposed, but their performance and applicability still require further validation. This research presents a three-dimensional numerical investigation of the load transfer mechanism of GRPS embankments using the finite difference approach, considering the combined interaction between the soil embankment, geosynthetics, pile, and subsoil. The importance of these crucial aspects in the GRPS embankment design technique is highlighted, as well as their influence and sensitivity. The following elements, in descending order, influence the load and settlement efficacies of the GRPS embankments: soft soil stiffness, embankment height, geosynthetic stiffness, and embankment soil density, according to this research. Furthermore, the use of geosynthetics reduces differential settlements and mitigates soil yielding above the pile heads. The numerical findings are then compared to four well-known design standards, with the subsurface stiffness, geosynthetic stiffness, embankment height, and fill soil density all being varied simultaneously to measure their performance. The findings of the comparison revealed that these techniques differ greatly in their ability to forecast load efficacy and differential settlement. Depending on the geometric properties of the embankment and material properties, all of the selected design methods produce over-predictions or under-predictions

Etude vibrationnelle des monophosphates SrM2(PO4)2 avec M=Co, Ni

International audienceThe infrared and Raman spectra of triclinic phosphates SrM2(PO4)2 where M=Co, Ni have been reported and analysed. The results of a force field calculation for SrNi2(PO4)2 are presented.Ce travail porte sur l’étude expérimentale et théorique des spectres de vibration des phosphates SrM2(PO4)2 avec M=Ni, Co synthétisés par nous même. Une attribution des raies et des bandes de vibration a été proposée et confirmée par un calcul du champ de force du composé SrNi2(PO4)2

Air pollution assessment of Salé's city (Morocco)

Four sites were selected in Sale's city in Morocco in order to contribute in air pollution level assessment and determination of its effects on public health. The sites were selected so that they are close to the most important industrialized areas, they have a very high demographic density and they cover a heavy traffic. Two approaches of air sampling and subsequent analysis methods of elements in atmospheric aerosols have been performed. The first is a classical approach, which consists in sampling total airborne materials with a High Volume Sampler and analysing the samples using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The second is having its interest for studies relating effects of particles on human health. It consists in employing a Dichotomous Sampler to collect inhalable particles and the X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) for elemental analysis. With such system, it was possible to collect separately respirable and inhalable aerosols. The ED-XRF analysis method used is appropriate for monitoring airborne polluants in living and working areas with advantage of simple preparation, nondestructive nature, rapidity and suitable limits of detection. Using this method, it was possible to identify and quantify S, Ca, CI, Fe, Cu, and Pb. With Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Analysis Method, we quantified Cd. This study have been completed by measuring NO$_x$ SO$_2$ and solid suspended particles or airborne particulate matter (APM)