A study on micronucleus frequency in cervical smear as biomarker for genetic damage in polycystic ovarian syndrome

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder with metabolic and reproductive consequences. Genomic damage and susceptibility to cancer are noteworthy concerns in PCOS. Relationship between PCOS and endometrial and ovarian cancer has already been established. The presence of high body mass index, excess triglycerides, oxidative stress and occurrence of metabolic syndrome is a frequent occurrence in PCOS. This may succeed into genetic damage and susceptibility to cervical cancer as they are also known risk factors of the same. The aim of the study was to estimate the frequency of micronuclei in cervical smear and to determine if it can be used as a biomarker of genomic instability and susceptibility to cervical changes in the future in PCOS.Methods: This observational case control study included 38 subjects diagnosed with PCOS by Rotterdam’s criteria and 38 controls and was conducted between September 2018 to March 2020 in VIMS and RC. Data regarding age and anthropometric details and cervical smear samples was collected from all the subjects. The frequency of micronuclei in cervical smears was expressed as mean±standard deviation (SD). Differences between the PCOS group and the control group were examined for statistical significance using two-sample independent t-test. A p value of ≤0.05 denoted statistically signifi­cant difference.Results: The mean±SD of micronuclei frequencies in cervical smears was observed to be 1.69±0.69 and 0.33±0.18 (p value <0.0001) in the subjects with PCOS and control group, respectively.Conclusions: Micronuclei frequency was found to be elevated in cervical smears of women with PCOS when compared to controls indicating genetic instability and probable susceptibility to cervical cancer in the future in women with PCOS.

Transitioning to Tomorrow: The Global Journey Towards a Sustainable Energy Economy

The spotlight is on the intertwined nature of sustainability and energy transition. As the world grapples with environmental challenges, the push for a green approach to energy is more crucial than ever. This transition promises not just a cleaner planet but also better public health and job opportunities. There is a call for united front from policymakers, businesses, and communities to fast-track this eco-friendly shift

Electron Beam Irradiation Effects on Dielectric Parameters of SiR–EPDM Blends

The survival of an electrical system is mostly governed by the endurance limit of the dielectric material employed in it. The five different compositions of SiR–EPDM blends were prepared. Electron beam radiation has been widely used in the cable manufacturing industries in order to increase the life of the cable. Hence, the five blends were irradiated to 5, 15 and 25 Mrad dose levels by electron beam accelerator. The dielectric parameters such as breakdown voltage (BDV), dielectric strength (DS), dielectric constant (DC), and dissipation factor (DF) were measured as per ASTM/IEC standards. This chapter evaluates the effect of electron beam irradiation on dielectric parameters of SiR–EPDM blends

A 46,XY female DSD patient with bilateral gonadoblastoma, a novel SRY missense mutation combined with a WT1 KTS splice-site mutation

Patients with Disorders of Sex Development (DSD), especially those with gonadal dysgenesis and hypovirilization are at risk of developing malignant type II germ cell tumors/cancer (GCC) (seminoma/dysgerminoma and nonseminoma), with either carcinoma in situ (CIS) or gonadoblastoma (GB) as precursor lesion. In 10-15% of 46,XY g

MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF GRID CONNECTED SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

This paper presents the mathematical modeling of three-phase grid connected inverter fed by Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) system with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). Analysis has been carried out to choose the proper modulation index for maximum output for three-phase inverter. With this modulation index, the variation of the active and reactive power for different loads has been presented along with major parameters like Transfer ratio and Efficiency. Also the Real and Reactive power output of the SPV has been measured with various solar Radiation levels

Cod1p/Spf1p is a P-type ATPase involved in ER function and Ca2+ homeostasis

The internal environment of the ER is regulated to accommodate essential cellular processes, yet our understanding of this regulation remains incomplete. Cod1p/Spf1p belongs to the widely conserved, uncharacterized type V branch of P-type ATPases, a large family of ion pumps. Our previous work suggested Cod1p may function in the ER. Consistent with this hypothesis, we localized Cod1p to the ER membrane. The cod1Δ mutant disrupted cellular calcium homeostasis, causing increased transcription of calcium-regulated genes and a synergistic increase in cellular calcium when paired with disruption of the Golgi apparatus–localized Ca2+ pump Pmr1p. Deletion of COD1 also impaired ER function, causing constitutive activation of the unfolded protein response, hypersensitivity to the glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin, and synthetic lethality with deletion of the unfolded protein response regulator HAC1. Expression of the Drosophila melanogaster homologue of Cod1p complemented the cod1Δ mutant. Finally, we demonstrated the ATPase activity of the purified protein. This study provides the first biochemical characterization of a type V P-type ATPase, implicates Cod1p in ER function and ion homeostasis, and indicates that these functions are conserved among Cod1p's metazoan homologues

Dynamics of Cropping Pattern in Karimnagar District of Telangana – A Markov Chain Approach

The assessment of shift in cropping pattern in several regions is crucial for a much better insight into the agricultural development method. The present study was undertaken to examine the dynamics of cropping pattern in Karimnagar district of Telangana. The data was collected from Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Telangana from 1966-67 to 2016-17 and it was analysed with the help of Markov chain by decade wise and for last decade, analysed for five periods. The major findings from the study revealed that any set of crops did not retain its area in Karimnagar, but the acreage of the crops was continuously shifting from one set of crops to another set throughout the period. The cereals area was observed to be more stable while the loss of area from cereals towards commercial crops like cotton and turmeric etc. Indicated that the cropping pattern of the region moves towards diversification in northern Telangana zone. There is a larger scope for deciding within the choice of crops to place the agriculture on the pedestal of property growth that has to be thought-about in analysis and extension programmes

Polygenic Sex Determination System in Zebrafish

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