Comparative antioxidant studies of in vivo leaves and in vitro callus of Crotalaria pallida Aiton (Fabaceae)

Crotalaria pallida Aiton. Fabaceae has been used for the treatment of various diseases. The aim of the present study was to assess the enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities of Crotalaria pallida Aiton. The enzymatic antioxidant activity of in vivo leaves and in vitro callus was compared. The SOD shows high activity of (0.78±0.036) units/g tissue in in vivo leaves and Catalase shows high activity of (3.563±0.16) units/g tissue in in vitro callus. The non-enzymatic antioxidant properties of in vivo leaves and in vitro callus were evaluated using multiple assays. DPPH, Hydroxyl scavenging activity and Superoxide ion radical scavenging activity of in vivo leaves and in vitro callus were exhibited the IC50 values of 25±0.16 and 23.57±0.07, 90.18±3.57 and 77.41±2.5, 72.58±1.55 and 42.96±0.29 respectively. The total antioxidant activity showed increase with increase in concentration of both in vivo leaves and in vitro callus. The obtained results indicate that in vivo leaves and in vitro callus of Crotalaria pallida Aiton posses potent enzymatic activity and is a good source of non enzymatic antioxidants

In vitro micropropagation of Alpinia zerumbet Variegate, an important medicinal plant, through rhizome bud explants

An ideal Micropropagation method of Alpinia zerumbet has been developed using rhizome bud explants. Basal MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose (w/v) different concentrations of BAP in combination with 0.5 mg / L of kinetin. Highest percentage (95%) of explants for shoot induction and multiple shoot (7.9 per explants) production were observed in the  combination of 1.5 mg / L of BAP, 0.5 mg / L of kinetin. In this case, all the inoculated explants induced multiple shoots within 6-7 weeks of inoculation. Rooting was induced in a medium having half strength MS supplemented with 0.5mg / L of IBA. Most of the generated shoots were successfully transferred to soil under field conditions

Antibacterial activity of Crotalaria pallida Aiton. (Fabaceae)

Crotalaria pallida Aiton. Fabaceae has been used for the treatment of various diseases like. The aim of the present study is to assess antibacterial activity of methanolic leaves extract of Crotalaria pallida Aiton. Escherichia coli and Klebsilla pneumonieae showed maximum susceptibility 19±1 and 18.66±0.57 at 25 mg/ml concentration respectively while Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus showed less susceptibility 11±1, 11.33±1.5 and 15±1 at 25 mg/ml concentration respectively. Overall results have proved that C. pallida leaves posses significant antibacterial activity

Quantitative phytochemical analysis and their antioxidant activity of Cocculus hirsutus (l.) Diels fruit

Anthocyanins, a large group of red-blue plant pigments, occur in flowers and fruits of higher plants. The fruits of Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels was extracted with acidified methanol and used for  phytochemicals and antioxidant activity analysis. The total flavonoid, anthocyanin and phenol content were found to be 260±20 mg/g, 0.788±0.236 mg/g and 326.66±3.05 mg/g respectively. DPPH, ABTS and Nitric oxidescavenging activity exhibited an IC50 value of111.35±1.12, 80.90±0.39 and 79.84±1.48 respectively. The IC50 value of reducing power assay, inhibition of lipid peroxidase in egg yolk and Metal chelating and was identified to be 97.03 ±0.88, 107.6±0.48 and 200.27±1.85µg/ml respectively. The positive control showed an IC50 value of 39.78 ±0.07, 23.68±0.06, 63.62±1.22, 53.74±1.34, and 70.59±2.8 and 51.26±0.39 µg/ml respectively. The total antioxidant activity of the fruit anthocyanin exhibited highest absorbance of 0.382±0.005 for 100µg/ml concentration

Floristic Diversity and Ethnobotanical Studies of Nandha Gopalasamy Hill Temple Sacred Grove of Western Ghats, Pollachi Taluk, Coimbatore

Background: The sacred groves are considered to be ecologically most important area as they are rich in plant diversity. It is considered to be repository of many important medicinal plantspecies including endangered and endemic and many valuable plant species. An ethanobotanical survey was carried out to assess the floristic diversity and it medicinal properties used by the indigenous peoples and local people. The floristic study conducted to understand the status of vegetation an it is important step towards conservation. Methods: The study was carried out for about one yearby frequent field visit and inperson interview with indigenous peoples to know the medicinal properties of the species. Result: The study showed presence of 54 medicinal plants out of which 22 are herbs, 12 shrubs, 2 climbers and 17 are tree habits. All the plants are found to be highly medicinal in treating many diseases. The survey reveals the conservation importance of the sacred grove to safe guard the ecosystem for sustainable development. </jats:p

GREEN SYNTHESIS OF REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE SILVER NANOCOMPOSITE USING Anisomeles malabarica (L.) R. BR. LEAF EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

The development of new antimicrobial materials has arisen in response to the need to prevent and control the growth of pathogenic microorganisms without the use of antibiotics. The Silver (Ag) nanoparticles attached r-GO (rGO/Ag) nanocomposite was synthesised in the present work using a one-pot in-situ chemical reduction approach and studied for antibacterial property. We developed a rapid preparation of graphene from graphite using modified Hummers method and reduced by A. malabarica leaf extract. UV-Vis spectroscopy and FT-IR were used to characterize the synthesized GO and rGO–Ag nanocomposite. The antibacterial properties of the synthesized GO and rGo-Ag nanocomposite were evaluated against human pathogenic organisms like Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus using agar well diffusion method. At 50µl concentrations, synthesised GO inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19 mm) and rGO-Ag nanocomposite inhibited Staphylococcusaureus (28 mm).Antibacterial properties of the nanocomposites were found to be efficient against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Thus, green synthesized RGO-supported Silver nanoparticles play an important role in the medical disciplines.</jats:p