Perbandingan Pekerjaan Kusen dan Pintu Bahan Kayu dengan Bahan Alumunium

Sills, doors and windows is one of the most important parts of the buildings, one type of building that needs them is residences. Nowadays, the development sills, doors and windows are very fast with advanced technology that expands the materials of sills, doors and windows from traditional wood materials to aluminium. The presence of aluminum material choices make the owner of the house could have a role towards sustainable concept but it is inversely proportional to the real situation in which the use of aluminum frames is widely used by the middle class and above. Yet in terms of time, efficiency and quality is still superior to aluminum frames, aluminum frames in which certain anti-termite, easier maintenance and more durable. This situation is considered as the cost of aluminum door sills and relatively expensive. With so many advantages to the frame, people should start using aluminum frames since it is reasonable to pay a higher price for longer durability

Pengaruh Aktivasi Fisika dan Kimia Arang Aktif Buah Bintaro terhadap Daya Serap Logam Berat Krom

Cerbera odollam Gaertn. activated carbon was derived from mangrove plant which is poisonous and planted as shade tree. The morphology of Cerbera odollam Gaertn. fruit is similar with coconut shell and the contains of lignin and cellulose is higher than coconut. Cerbera odollam Gaertn. fruit was dried, cut and carbonized at 300 oC, 400 oC and 500oC. Then Cerbera odollam Gaertn. carbon was activated by physical steam activation and chemical activation, using H3PO4 (5% & 10%) and KOH (5% & 10%), at activation temperature 650oC and activation time 60 and 90 minutes. Proksimat analysis of Cerbera odollam Gaertn. carbon was carried out to determine moisture, volatile content, fly ash, fix carbon, ash content and iod adsorption, total chromium by using AAS. The result showed that activated carbon derived from Cerbera odollam Gaertn. fruit which was activated by KOH 5% at 60 minutes improved the chromium adsorption for about 99.474%

Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Mahasiswa Menggunakan Mobil Ke Kampus Berdasarkan Teori Perilaku Terencana

Transportasi memiliki peranan penting dalam USAha meningkatkan kualitas hidup manusia. Seiring berjalannya waktu, transportasi mengalami perkembangan. Hal ini berdampak pada bertambahnya jumlah kendaraan yang beredar yang disebut juga dengan motorisasi. Fenomena serupa juga terjadi di kampus dimana terdapat peningkatan jumlah mobil yang beredar di kampus. Pihak kampus dapat menerapkan Manajemen Transportasi Kampus untuk mengatasinya, namun akan lebih efektif apabila dapat diketahui faktor yang mempengaruhi mahasiswa untuk lebih memilih menggunakan mobil.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa yang paling mempengaruhi mahasiswa menggunakan mobil ke kampus berdasarkan Teori Perilaku Terencana dengan mengesampingkan faktor biaya dan waktu. Responden adalah mahasiswa yang secara rutin menggunakan mobil ke kampus. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya akan diolah dengan bantuan program Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa diantara ketiga faktor dari Teori Perilaku Terencana, diketahui bahwa perceived behavioral control adalah faktor yang paling mempengaruhi intensi yang nantinya akan berpengaruh pada behavior

Redesain Logo Dan Perancangan Corporate Identity Roemah Wangi Salon Dan Spa Di Malang

Logo dan corporate identity saat ini telah menjadi sesuatu yang lazim dimiliki oleh sebuah Perusahaan.Logo dan corporate identity yang tepat dibutuhkan oleh Perusahaan karena hal tersebut dapat menunjang terciptanya image yang ingin ditampilkan.Dengan adanya corporate identity maka sebuah Perusahaan memiliki wajah dan karakter layaknya manusia. Roemah Wangi sebagai salah satu tempat penyedia jasa perawatan kecantikan juga membutuhkan logo dan corporate identity untuk menunjang terciptanya image yang bai

A genome-wide association study for corneal astigmatism: The CREAM Consortium

Purpose: To identify genes and genetic markers associated with corneal astigmatism. Methods: A meta-analysis was performed of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of corneal astigmatism undertaken for 14 European ancestry (N = 22,250) and 8 Asian ancestry (N = 9,120) cohorts by the CREAM Consortium. Cases were defined as having >0.75 D of corneal astigmatism. For the meta-analysed results of European ancestry cohorts, subsequent gene-based and gene-set analyses were performed using VEGAS2 and MAGMA software. Additionally, estimates of SNP-based heritability for corneal and refractive astigmatism and spherical equivalent were calculated for Europeans using LD score regression. Results: Meta-analysis of all cohorts identified a genome-wide significant locus near the gene PDGFRA (platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha): top SNP: rs7673984, odds ratio = 1.12 (95% CI: 1.08-1.16), P = 5.55 x 10-9. No other genome-wide significant loci were identified in the combined analysis or European/Asian ancestry-specific analyses. Gene-based analysis identified 3 novel candidate genes for corneal astigmatism in Europeans: CLDN7 (claudin-7), ACP2 (acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal) and TNFAIP8L3 (TNF alpha induced protein 8 like 3). Conclusions: In addition to replicating a previously identified genome-wide significant locus for corneal astigmatism near the PDGFRA gene, gene-based analysis identified 3 novel candidate genes CLDN7, ACP2 and TNFAIP8L3 that warrant further investigation to understand their role in the pathogenesis of corneal astigmatism. The much lower number of genetic variants and genes demonstrating association with corneal astigmatism compared to published spherical equivalent GWAS analyses suggest a greater influence of rare genetic variants, non-additive genetic effects, or environmental factors to the development of astigmatism

APPLICATION OF EXPECTED CREDIT LOSS MODEL AND MARKOV CHAIN TO CALCULATE NET SINGLE PREMIUM OF UNSECURED CREDIT INSURANCE

Transferring credit risk to an insurance company is a way to mitigate risk. Premiums should be calculated accurately to attain economic value for both the lender and the guarantor. The aim of this study was to determine the net single premium (NSP) values for an unsecured credit insurance product using the expected credit loss (ECL) method from IFRS 9. This study used data generated through simulation of insurance policies issued in 2015 or 2016. Their state classifications were monthly observed from 2016 to 2020. The probability of disbursed claim (PDC) parameter replaced the probability of default parameter on the ECL model, whereas the PDC model was constructed based on the components of a state-transition probability matrix, obtained with the Markov chain approach using the cohort method:  = 0.999181,  = 0.000130, and  = 0.000689. The PDC model validation showed relatively decent results, whereas MSE = 2.457% and zs = 0.608 with a = 5%. These results indicated that the PDC model was a good fit to calculate ECL. 5,000 iterations were done as part of the cash flow simulation process, whereas debtors’ loan amounts were randomly generated during each iteration, and the average NPV of these iterations was -Rp564.419.305. Based on model sensitivity analysis, cash flow values were most sensitive to the variable used to construct the PDC model (). Thus, the 5,000-iteration process was repeated with the newly adjusted PDC value, which were  = 0.998924 and  = 0.000946. The new average NPV of these iterations was Rp409,877,840, indicating that the constructed ECL model was a good fit to calculate NSP values for unsecured credit insurance products

A genome-wide association study of corneal astigmatism: The CREAM Consortium

PURPOSE: To identify genes and genetic markers associated with corneal astigmatism. METHODS: A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of corneal astigmatism undertaken for 14 European ancestry (n=22,250) and 8 Asian ancestry (n=9,120) cohorts was performed by the Consortium for Refractive Error and Myopia. Cases were defined as having >0.75 diopters of corneal astigmatism. Subsequent gene-based and gene-set analyses of the meta-analyzed results of European ancestry cohorts were performed using VEGAS2 and MAGMA software. Additionally, estimates of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability for corneal and refractive astigmatism and the spherical equivalent were calculated for Europeans using LD score regression. RESULTS: The meta-analysis of all cohorts identified a genome-wide significant locus near the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) gene: top SNP: rs7673984, odds ratio=1.12 (95% CI:1.08–1.16), p=5.55×10−9. No other genome-wide significant loci were identified in the combined analysis or European/Asian ancestry-specific analyses. Gene-based analysis identified three novel candidate genes for corneal astigmatism in Europeans—claudin-7 (CLDN7), acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (ACP2), and TNF alpha-induced protein 8 like 3 (TNFAIP8L3). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to replicating a previously identified genome-wide significant locus for corneal astigmatism near the PDGFRA gene, gene-based analysis identified three novel candidate genes, CLDN7, ACP2, and TNFAIP8L3, that warrant further investigation to understand their role in the pathogenesis of corneal astigmatism. The much lower number of genetic variants and genes demonstrating an association with corneal astigmatism compared to published spherical equivalent GWAS analyses suggest a greater influence of rare genetic variants, non-additive genetic effects, or environmental factors in the development of astigmatism

KOLABORASI PENELITI DI ERA TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI

Advances in information and communication technology have an impact on the increasing number of scientific publications in the world. Scientific papers are indicators of a country's progress in the academic field. One strategy used to improve the quality of research is to collaborate with researchers. There is not much research that addresses the collaboration of researchers. This article provides an overview of the cooperation of researchers including the background of the partnership, as well as aspects that influence the teamwork of researchers, especially in the era of acceleration of information and communication technology. The method used is the study of literature. Reviews aim as the basis for assessing research productivity, especially in Indonesia

Phenotypic consequences of the GJD2 risk genotype in myopia development

PURPOSE. To study the relatively high effect of the refractive error gene GJD2 in human myopia, and to assess its relationship with refractive error, ocular biometry and lifestyle in various age groups. METHODS. The population-based Rotterdam Study (RS), high myopia case-control study MYopia STudy, and the birth-cohort study Generation R were included in this study. Spherical equivalent (SER), axial length (AL), axial length/corneal radius (AL/CR), vitreous depth (VD), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were measured using standard ophthalmologic procedures. Biometric measurements were compared between GJD2 (rs524952) genotype groups; education and environmental risk score (ERS) were calculated to estimate gene-environment interaction effects, using the Synergy index (SI). RESULTS. RS adults carrying two risk alleles had a lower SER and longer AL, ACD and VD (AA versus TT, 0.23D vs. 0.70D; 23.79 mm vs. 23.52 mm; 2.72 mm vs. 2.65 mm; 16.12 mm vs. 15.87 mm; all P &lt; 0.001). Children carrying two risk alleles had larger AL/CR at ages 6 and 9 years (2.88 vs. 2.87 and 3.00 vs. 2.96; all P &lt; 0.001). Education and ERS both negatively influenced myopia and the biometric outcomes, but gene-environment interactions did not reach statistical significance (SI 1.25 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.85–1.85] and 1.17 [95% CI, 0.55–2.50] in adults and children). CONCLUSIONS. The elongation of the eye caused by the GJD2 risk genotype follows a dose-response pattern already visible at the age of 6 years. These early effects are an example of how a common myopia gene may drive myopia.</p

Association of anthropometric measures across the life-course with refractive error and ocular biometry at age 15 years

YesBackground A recent Genome-wide association meta-analysis (GWAS) of refractive error reported shared genetics with anthropometric traits such as height, BMI and obesity. To explore a potential relationship with refractive error and ocular structure we performed a life-course analysis including both maternal and child characteristics using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort. Methods Measures collected across the life-course were analysed to explore the association of height, weight, and BMI with refractive error and ocular biometric measures at age 15 years from 1613children. The outcome measures were the mean spherical equivalent (MSE) of refractive error (dioptres), axial length (AXL; mm), and radius of corneal curvature (RCC; mm). Potential confounding variables; maternal age at conception, maternal education level, parental socio-economic status, gestational age, breast-feeding, and gender were adjusted for within each multi-variable model. Results Maternal height was positively associated with teenage AXL (0.010 mm; 95% CI: 0.003, 0.017) and RCC (0.005 mm; 95% CI: 0.003, 0.007), increased maternal weight was positively associated with AXL (0.004 mm; 95% CI: 0.0001, 0.008). Birth length was associated with an increase in teenage AXL (0.067 mm; 95% CI: 0.032, 0.10) and flatter RCC (0.023 mm; 95% CI: 0.013, 0.034) and increasing birth weight was associated with flatter RCC (0.005 mm; 95% CI: 0.0003, 0.009). An increase in teenage height was associated with a lower MSE (− 0.007 D; 95% CI: − 0.013, − 0.001), an increase in AXL (0.021 mm; 95% CI: 0.015, 0.028) and flatter RCC (0.008 mm; 95% CI: 0.006, 0.010). Weight at 15 years was associated with an increase in AXL (0.005 mm; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.009). Conclusions At each life stage (pre-natal, birth, and teenage) height and weight, but not BMI, demonstrate an association with AXL and RCC measured at age 15 years. However, the negative association between refractive error and an increase in height was only present at the teenage life stage. Further research into the growth pattern of ocular structures and the development of refractive error over the life-course is required, particularly at the time of puberty