Effect of lockdown on activities of daily living in built environment and well-being

In an effort to arrest the spread of COVID-19 infection, a nation-wide lockdown was declared in India in March 2020. To assess how personal built environment affected the citizens in the first few weeks, an explorative online survey was conducted, eliciting responses about the work habits before the lockdown, the psychological well-being, time spent in various activities, characteristics of those who worked from home and sleep patterns. The major difference entailed by thelockdown was a reduction of time and distance to go to their workplace, which was an average of 8.9 km. In terms of diet, subjects who were vegetarian did not experience any difference, unlike those who were non-vegetarians, who reduced the intake of meat. Forced social isolation did not alter the television channels that were viewed. Among those who worked from home, most preferred to work from their bedroom. There was no change in the quality or quantity of sleep during the lockdown. This study in the early weeks of the lockdown documents the way in which individuals lived through it in terms of the built environment at home.</ns7:p

Effect of lockdown on activities of daily living in built environment and well-being

In an effort to arrest the spread of COVID-19 infection, a nation-wide lockdown was declared in India in March 2020. To assess how personal built environment affected the citizens in the first few weeks, an explorative online survey was conducted, eliciting responses about the work habits before the lockdown, the psychological well-being, time spent in various activities, characteristics of those who worked from home and sleep patterns. The major difference entailed by thelockdown was a reduction of time and distance to go to their workplace, which was an average of 8.9 km. In terms of diet, subjects who were vegetarian did not experience any difference, unlike those who were non-vegetarians, who reduced the intake of meat. Forced social isolation did not alter the television channels that were viewed. Among those who worked from home, most preferred to work from their bedroom. There was no change in the quality or quantity of sleep during the lockdown. This study in the early weeks of the lockdown documents the way in which individuals lived through it in terms of the built environment at home.</ns7:p

Effect of lockdown on activities of daily living in the built environment and wellbeing

In an effort to arrest the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) infection, a nationwide lockdown was declared in India in March 2020. To assess how personal built environments affected the citizens in the first few weeks, an explorative online survey was conducted, eliciting responses about work habits before the lockdown, psychological wellbeing, time spent in various activities, characteristics of those who worked from home, and food and sleep patterns. We received 121 (76 male and 45 female) responses with an average age of 35.5 years [max: 70 years, min: 18 years, standard deviation (SD): 12.9 years]. The major difference caused by the lockdown was a reduction in the time taken and distance travelled of the commute to workplaces, which was an average of 30 minutes and 9.5 km, respectively. In terms of diet, subjects who were vegetarian did not experience any difference, unlike those who were non-vegetarians (p &lt; 0.05). The results show an association of the dependent variable of ‘feeling in general’ with predictor variables of ‘energy, pep, vitality’ and ‘feel healthy to work’ during the pandemic, whereas the predictor variables of ‘energy, pep, vitality’, ‘happy and satisfied personal life’, ‘feel healthy to work’ show an association with the dependent variable of ‘feeling in general’ before the lockdown with a significance of p &lt; 0.02 and R2 = 0.51 and R2 = 0.60, respectively. Among those who worked from home in constrained environments, people found spaces and seemed to adapt reasonably well to the built environment with employees showing a preference for working from bedrooms and students for working from ‘sit-out’ (outside) spaces (p &lt; 0.05). There was no change in the quality or quantity of sleep during the lockdown. This study in the early weeks of the lockdown documents the way in which individuals lived through it in terms of the built environment at home.</jats:p

Effect of lockdown on activities of daily living in built environment and well-being

In an effort to arrest the spread of COVID-19 infection, a nation-wide lockdown was declared in India in March 2020. To assess how personal built environment affected the citizens in the first few weeks, an explorative online survey was conducted, eliciting responses about the work habits before the lockdown, the psychological well-being, time spent in various activities, characteristics of those who worked from home and sleep patterns. The major difference entailed by thelockdown was a reduction of time and distance to go to their workplace, which was an average of 8.9 km. In terms of diet, subjects who were vegetarian did not experience any difference, unlike those who were non-vegetarians, who reduced the intake of meat. Forced social isolation did not alter the television channels that were viewed. Among those who worked from home, most preferred to work from their bedroom. There was no change in the quality or quantity of sleep during the lockdown. This study in the early weeks of the lockdown documents the way in which individuals lived through it in terms of the built environment at home.</ns7:p

Effect of lockdown on activities of daily living in built environment and well-being

In an effort to arrest the spread of COVID-19 infection, a nation-wide lockdown was declared in India in March 2020. To assess how personal built environment affected the citizens in the first few weeks, an explorative online survey was conducted, eliciting responses about the work habits before the lockdown, the psychological well-being, time spent in various activities, characteristics of those who worked from home, food and sleep patterns. We received 121 (76 male and 45 female) responses with an average age of 35.5 years (Max: 70, Min: 18, SD: 12.9). The major difference entailed by the lockdown was a reduction of time and distance of one commute to go to their workplace, which was an average of 30 minutes and 9.5 km respectively. In terms of diet, subjects who were vegetarian did not experience any difference, unlike those who were non-vegetarians (p&lt;0.05). The result show an association of dependent variable of feeling in general with predictor variables of energy, pep, vitality and feel healthy to work during the pandemic situation, whereas the predictor variables of energy, pep, vitality, happy and satisfied personal life, feel healthy to work show association with dependent variable of feeling in general before lockdown with a significance of p&gt;&lt;0.02 and R2 = 0.51 and R2=0.60 respectively. Among those who worked from home in constrained environments, people could find spaces and seem to adapt reasonably to built environment with employees showing preference working from bedrooms and students working from sitout spaces (p&gt;&lt;0.05) . There was no change in the quality or quantity of sleep during the lockdown. This study in the early weeks of the lockdown documents the way in which individuals lived through it in terms of the built environment at home.&gt;&lt;0.05). The result show an association of dependent variable of feeling in general with predictor variables of energy, pep, vitality and feel healthy to work during the pandemic situation, whereas the predictor variables of energy, pep, vitality, happy and satisfied personal life, feel healthy to work show association with dependent variable of feeling in general before lockdown with a significance of p&lt;0.02 and R2 = 0.51 and R2=0.60 respectively. Among those who worked from home in constrained environments, people could find spaces and seem to adapt reasonably to built environment with employees showing preference working from bedrooms and students working from sitout spaces (p&gt;&lt;0.05) . There was no change in the quality or quantity of sleep during the lockdown. This study in the early weeks of the lockdown documents the way in which individuals lived through it in terms of the built environment at home.&gt;&lt;0.02 and R 2 = 0.51 and R 2 = 0.60 respectively. Among those who worked from home in constrained environments, people could find spaces and seem to adapt reasonably to built environment with employees showing preference working from bedrooms and students working from sitout spaces (p&lt;0.05) . There was no change in the quality or quantity of sleep during the lockdown. This study in the early weeks of the lockdown documents the way in which individuals lived through it in terms of the built environment at home.&gt;&lt;0.05). There was no change in the quality or quantity of sleep during the lockdown. This study in the early weeks of the lockdown documents the way in which individuals lived through it in terms of the built environment at home.</jats:p

RNA G-quadruplex is resolved by repetitive and ATP-dependent mechanism of DHX36

AbstractDHX36 is a DEAH-box helicase that resolves parallel G-quadruplex structures formed in DNA and RNA. The recent co-crystal structure of DHX36 bound G4-DNA revealed an intimate contact, but did not address the role of ATP hydrolysis in G4 resolving activity. Here, we demonstrate that unlike on G4-DNA, DHX36 displays ATP-independent unfolding of G4-RNA followed by ATP-dependent refolding, generating a highly asymmetric pattern of activity. Interestingly, DHX36 refolds G4-RNA in several steps, reflecting the discrete steps in forming the G4 structure. We show that the ATP-dependent activity of DHX36 arises from the RNA tail rather than the G4. Mutations that perturb G4 contact result in quick dissociation of the protein from RNA upon ATP hydrolysis, while mutations that interfere with binding the RNA tail induce dysregulated activity. We propose that the ATP-dependent activity of DHX36 may be useful for dynamically resolving various G4-RNA structures in cells.</jats:p

DATA SOURCE FILE.xlsx

Excel sheet including the analyzed data in figures 1e, 2d, 3b and 5 of our manuscript titled " ­RNA G-quadruplex is resolved by repetitive and ATP-dependent mechanism of DHX36" is presented

Structural basis of G-quadruplex unfolding by the DEAH/RHA helicase DHX36.

Guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences challenge the replication, transcription, and translation machinery by spontaneously folding into G-quadruplexes, the unfolding of which requires forces greater than most polymerases can exert1,2. Eukaryotic cells contain numerous helicases that can unfold G-quadruplexes 3 . The molecular basis of the recognition and unfolding of G-quadruplexes by helicases remains poorly understood. DHX36 (also known as RHAU and G4R1), a member of the DEAH/RHA family of helicases, binds both DNA and RNA G-quadruplexes with extremely high affinity4-6, is consistently found bound to G-quadruplexes in cells7,8, and is a major source of G-quadruplex unfolding activity in HeLa cell lysates 6 . DHX36 is a multi-functional helicase that has been implicated in G-quadruplex-mediated transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, and is essential for heart development, haematopoiesis, and embryogenesis in mice9-12. Here we report the co-crystal structure of bovine DHX36 bound to a DNA with a G-quadruplex and a 3' single-stranded DNA segment. We show that the N-terminal DHX36-specific motif folds into a DNA-binding-induced α-helix that, together with the OB-fold-like subdomain, selectively binds parallel G-quadruplexes. Comparison with unliganded and ATP-analogue-bound DHX36 structures, together with single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis, suggests that G-quadruplex binding alone induces rearrangements of the helicase core; by pulling on the single-stranded DNA tail, these rearrangements drive G-quadruplex unfolding one residue at a time