The Role of Pragmatics in Cross-cultural

We here try to find out the role of pragmatics in the cross-cultural contexts. Pragmatics is the way we convey meaning through communication (Deda, 2013). Other factors beyond competence are the adjustments between contexts and situations that can change the ordinary meaning of elements/sentences according to the language situation. The culture of an organization decides the way employees behave amongst themselves as well as the people outside the organization. Pragmatic culture more emphasis is placed on the clients and the external parties. Customer satisfaction is the main motive of the employees in a pragmatic culture. In linguistics, pragmatic competence is the ability to use language effectively in a contextually appropriate fashion. Pragmatic competence is a fundamental aspect of a more general communicative competence

The synthesis and utilization of low molecular weight ozonides for air revitalization Supplement to interim report of 14 Nov. 1965

Thermal decomposition characteristics of sodium superoxide, sodium peroxide, and lithium peroxide and magnetic susceptibility of calcium superoxid

Validasi Metode Analisis Untuk Penetapan Kadar Tablet Asam Mefenamat Secara Spektrofotometri Ultraviolet

VALIDASI METODE ANALISIS UNTUK PENETAPAN KADAR TABLET ASAM MEFENAMAT SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI ULTRAVIOLET Noviny Ramayany Uno1), Sri Sudewi1), Widya Astuty Lolo1) 1)Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA UNSRAT Manado, 95115 ABSTRACT The level of active substance is a requirement that must be met to ensure the quality of drugs, to make the determination of drug levels is needed a method that has been validated. This study aims to determine the validity and the levels of mefenamic acid in tablet dosage using UV spectrophotometry and determine the suitability of levels tablet mefenamic acid with trade name and generic with the requirement levels according to the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia fourth edition (1995). Its validity were tested based on the parameters of accuracy used standard addition method and precision parameters. Based on the results the linearity value was obtain r = 0.9979 with limits of detection (LOD) is 0.1246 ppm and limits of quantitation (LOQ) is 0.4154 ppm. The results showed levels of mefenamic acid in tablet dosage trade name (1) is 11.3580 ± 0.6344 ppm, trade names (2) is 11.3044 ± 0.4147 ppm, generic (1) is 11.3044 ± 0, 5664 ppm, generic (2) was 11.604 ± 0.4180 ppm. It showed mefenamic acid levels in tablet dosage generic and trade names fulfill level requirements contained in the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia fourth edition (1995). Keywords: Mefenamic acid, Method validation, UV spectrophotometry ABSTRAK Pemeriksaan kadar zat aktif merupakan persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi untuk menjamin kualitas sediaan obat, untuk melakukan penetapan kadar obat dibutuhkan suatu metode yang telah divalidasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan validitas dan menentukan kadar asam mefenamat dalam sediaan tablet menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV serta mengetahui kesesuaian kadar tablet asam mefenamat nama dagang dan generik dengan persyaratan kadar menurut Farmakope Indonesia Edisi IV (1995). Validitasnya diuji berdasarkan parameter akurasi dengan metode penambahan baku dan parameter ketelitian. Berdasarkan hasil diperoleh nilai linearitas sebesar r = 0,9979 dengan batas deteksi (LOD) 0,1246 ppm dan (LOQ) 0,4154 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar asam mefenamat dalam sediaan tablet nama dagang (1) adalah 11,3580 ± 0,6344 ppm, nama dagang (2) adalah 11,3044 ± 0,4147 ppm, generik (1) adalah 11,3044 ± 0,5664 ppm, generik (2) adalah 11,604 ± 0,4180 ppm. Ini menunjukkan kadar asam mefenamat dalam sediaan tablet generik maupun nama dagang memenuhi persyaratan kadar yang tertera dalam Farmakope Indonesia Edisi IV (1995)

Physical Acoustics

Contains reports on four research projects.Joint Services Electronics Programs (U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, and U.S. Air Force) under Contract DA 28-043-AMC-02536(E)U.S. Navy (Office of Naval Research) under Contract N00014-67-A-0204-001

Electromagnetic mass splittings of the low lying hadrons and quark masses from 2+1 flavor lattice QCD+QED

Results are presented for the electromagnetic mass splittings of the low lying hadrons. These are used to determine the non-degenerate light quark masses. It is found that m_u=2.24(10)(34), m_d=4.65(15)(32), and $m_s=97.6(2.9)(5.5)$ MeV (MSbar scheme, 2 GeV scale). The first error is statistical and the second systematic. We find the lowest order electromagnetic splitting (m_pi+-m_pi0)_QED=3.38(23) MeV, the splittings including next-to-leading order, (m_pi+-m_pi0)_QED=4.50(23) MeV, (m_K+-m_K0)_QED=1.87(10) MeV, and the m_u != m_d contribution to the kaon mass difference, (m_K+-m_K0)_(m_u-m_d)=-5.840(96) MeV. All errors are statistical only, and the next-to-leading order pion splitting is only approximate; it does not contain all next-to-leading order contributions. We also computed the proton-neutron mass difference, including for the first time, QED interactions in a realistic 2+1 flavor calculation. We find $(m_p-m_n)_{\rm QED}=0.383(68)$ MeV, (m_p-m_n)_(m_u-m_d)=-2.51(14) MeV, and the total m_p-m_n=-2.13(16)(70) MeV, where the first error is statistical, and the second, part of the systematic error. We use domain wall fermions and the Iwasaki gauge action (gauge coupling beta=2.13). We use two lattice sizes, 16^3 and 24^3, to address finite volume effects. Non-compact QED is treated in the quenched approximation. We present new results for the electromagnetic low energy constants in SU(3) and SU(2) partially-quenched chiral perturbation theory to the next-to-leading order, obtained from fits to our data. Detailed analysis of systematic errors in our results and methods for improving them are discussed. Finally, new analytic results for SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R-plus-kaon chiral perturbation theory, including the one-loop logs proportional to alpha_em*m, are given.Comment: Significant additions: finite volume analysis of kaon mass (Sec. II and the Appendix) which is used to obtain new central values, extended discussion of the breaking of Dashen's theorem (VII), additional phenomenological results (VII), and a new section (VIII) on isospin breaking effects on the kaon decay constant. No conclusions or results from the first version changed significantl

The X-ray Spectrum and Light Curve of Supernova 1995N

We report on multi-epoch X-ray observations of the Type IIn (narrow emission line) supernova SN 1995N with the ROSAT and ASCA satellites. The January 1998 ASCA X-ray spectrum is well fitted by a thermal bremsstrahlung (kT~10 keV, N_H~6e20 cm^-2) or power-law (alpha~1.7, N_H~1e21 cm^-2) model. The X-ray light curve shows evidence for significant flux evolution between August 1996 and January 1998: the count rate from the source decreased by 30% between our August 1996 and August 1997 ROSAT observations, and the X-ray luminosity most likely increased by a factor of ~2 between our August 1997 ROSAT and January 1998 ASCA observations, although evolution of the spectral shape over this interval is not ruled out. The high X-ray luminosity, L_X~1e41 erg/sec, places SN 1995N in a small group of Type IIn supernovae with strong circumstellar interaction, and the evolving X-ray luminosity suggests that the circumstellar medium is distributed inhomogeneously.Comment: MNRAS accepted. 6 pages, 2 figures; uses mn.sty and psfi

Physical Acoustics

Contains reports on three research projects.U. S. Navy (Office of Naval Research) under Contract N00014-67-A-0204-0019National Science Foundation (Grant GK-18185)Air Force Office of Scientific Researc

Physical Acoustics

Contains research objectives and reports on three research projects.U. S. Navy (Office of Naval Research) under Contract N00014-67-A-0204-0019National Science Foundation (Grant GK-18185

Physical Acoustics

Contains research objectives and reports on one research project.U. S. Navy (Office of Naval Research) under Contract Nonr-1841-(42)Joint Services Electronics Programs (U.S. Army, U.S. Navy and U.S. Air Force) under Contract DA 36-039-AMC-03200(E