A Single Electrode Organic Neuromorphic Device for Dopamine Sensing in Vivo

Organic Electronic platforms for biosensing are being demonstrated at a fast pace, especially in healthcare applications where the use of organic (semi-)conductive materials leads to devices that efficiently interface living matter. Nevertheless, interesting properties of organic (semi-)conductors are usually neglected in the development of (bio-)sensors. Among these, the non-linear response when operated under dynamic biasing conditions (i.e., with pulsed driving voltages), thus mimicking synaptic plasticity phenomena, offers promising and largely unexplored possibilities for bio-sensing. The artificial synaptic response's figures of merit reflect the composition of the surrounding environment and, ultimately, the ion concentration and dynamics at the organic (semi-)conductor/electrolyte interface. Therefore, new sensing strategies that rely on the effect of target analytes on the short-term plasticity response of Organic Neuromorphic Devices are being demonstrated. This work presents the development of a label-free Single Electrode Neuromorphic Device (SEND) specifically designed for in vivo real-time mapping of dopamine concentration. The device response is investigated as a function of the driving frequency, resulting in the determination of the optimal operational configuration for minimally invasive neuromorphic devices. It exhibits stable multi-parametric response in complex fluids, in brain's mechanical models and in vivo, enabling monitoring of local variations of dopamine concentration in the rat brain

IMMEDIATE RESTORATION CUSTOM-MADE BY ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING ABOUT DENTAL IMPLANTS: PREDICTABLE RESULTS FOR PINK AND WHITE ESTHETICS

The definition of dental implant failure has evolved from focusing solely on lack of osseointegration to encompass broader concerns such as aesthetics. However, the criteria for aesthetic failure in implant dentistry are not well defined. Although several aesthetic indices have been validated to objectively evaluate clinical outcomes, including failure of an implant-supported crown. In this sense, aesthetic flaws in implant dentistry can be categorized into pink and white tissue flaws. This study aims to describe an extensive rehabilitation protocol where implants were placed using printed surgical guides and adaptations for bone and tissue grafts, facilitating restoration in the aesthetic zone. Key clinical stages and aspects are illustrated through the case of a fractured upper left central incisor, where an implant system was used for immediate patient rehabilitation. By highlighting these crucial steps and considerations, this study underscores the effectiveness of immediate implantation and restoration techniques in achieving optimal aesthetic and functional outcomes in dental rehabilitationThe definition of dental implant failure has evolved from focusing solely on lack of osseointegration to encompass broader concerns such as aesthetics. However, the criteria for aesthetic failure in implant dentistry are not well defined. Although several aesthetic indices have been validated to objectively evaluate clinical outcomes, including failure of an implant-supported crown. In this sense, aesthetic flaws in implant dentistry can be categorized into pink and white tissue flaws. This study aims to describe an extensive rehabilitation protocol where implants were placed using printed surgical guides and adaptations for bone and tissue grafts, facilitating restoration in the aesthetic zone. Key clinical stages and aspects are illustrated through the case of a fractured upper left central incisor, where an implant system was used for immediate patient rehabilitation. By highlighting these crucial steps and considerations, this study underscores the effectiveness of immediate implantation and restoration techniques in achieving optimal aesthetic and functional outcomes in dental rehabilitatio

Anterior rehabilitation using 3D-printed dental implants and custom-made immediate restorations through additive manufacturing.

Dental implants have evolved significantly, but various failures continue to arise, initially focused on osseointegration and, more recently, involving aesthetic concerns. However, the criteria for evaluating aesthetic failures are still not well defined. These failures can be classified into issues related to the white tissue (crowns) and pink tissue (gingiva). This study presents a rehabilitation protocol that uses 3D-printed surgical guides and adaptations for bone and tissue grafts, with a focus on aesthetic restoration. The case of a fractured upper left central incisor illustrates the application of an implant system for immediate rehabilitation, highlighting the effectiveness of immediate implant and restoration techniques in achieving ideal aesthetic and functional outcomes

Optostimulation of striatonigral terminals in substantia nigra induces dyskinesia that increases after L‐DOPA in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease

Background and Purpose: L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) remains a major complication of L-DOPA therapy in Parkinson's disease. LID is believed to result from inhibition of substantia nigra reticulata (SNr) neurons by GABAergic striatal projection neurons that become supersensitive to dopamine receptor stimulation after severe nigrostriatal degeneration. Here, we asked if stimulation of direct medium spiny neuron (dMSN) GABAergic terminals at the SNr can produce a full dyskinetic state similar to that induced by L-DOPA. Experimental Approach: Adult C57BL6 mice were lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine in the medial forebrain bundle. Channel rhodopsin was expressed in striatonigral terminals by ipsilateral striatal injection of adeno-associated viral particles under the CaMKII promoter. Optic fibres were implanted on the ipsilateral SNr. Optical stimulation was performed before and 24 hr after three daily doses of L-DOPA at subthreshold and suprathreshold dyskinetic doses. We also examined the combined effect of light stimulation and an acute L-DOPA challenge. Key Results: Optostimulation of striatonigral terminals inhibited SNr neurons and induced all dyskinesia subtypes (optostimulation-induced dyskinesia [OID]) in 6-hydroxydopamine animals, but not in sham-lesioned animals. Additionally, chronic L-DOPA administration sensitised dyskinetic responses to striatonigral terminal optostimulation, as OIDs were more severe 24 hr after L-DOPA administration. Furthermore, L-DOPA combined with light stimulation did not result in higher dyskinesia scores than OID alone, suggesting that optostimulation has a masking effect on LID. Conclusion and Implications: This work suggests that striatonigral inhibition of basal ganglia output (SNr) is a decisive mechanism mediating LID and identifies the SNr as a target for managing LID.Fil: Keifman, Ettel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay; Argentina. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Ruiz De Diego, Irene. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Pafundo, Diego Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Paz, Rodrigo Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Solís, Oscar. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Murer, Mario Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Moratalla, Rosario. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Españ

STEP-BY-STEP SYSTEM FOR DENTAL CERAMIC AESTHETIC REHABILITATION OF ANTERIOR TEETH

Stratification in dental ceramics is an essential technique for creating aesthetic and functional dental restorations that accurately mimic the appearance and properties of natural teeth. It requires a deep understanding of the materials used and technical skills to ensure high-quality results. This study aims to describe an extensive rehabilitation protocol, through a short communication, the step-by-step process of the stratification technique. The goal is to explore the different techniques for fabricating ceramic restorations, with a special focus on the stratification technique, reviewing its processing methods and highlighting the advantages and challenges associated with this approach.Stratification in dental ceramics is an essential technique for creating aesthetic and functional dental restorations that accurately mimic the appearance and properties of natural teeth. It requires a deep understanding of the materials used and technical skills to ensure high-quality results. This study aims to describe an extensive rehabilitation protocol, through a short communication, the step-by-step process of the stratification technique. The goal is to explore the different techniques for fabricating ceramic restorations, with a special focus on the stratification technique, reviewing its processing methods and highlighting the advantages and challenges associated with this approach