Pengaruh Dilatasi Pada Bangunan Dengan Ketidakberaturan Geometri Vertikal Yang Didesain Secara Direct Displacement Based

Penerapan metode Direct Displacement Based Design (DDBD) dalam mendesain sebuah bangunan tahan gempa semakin banyak digunakan. DDBD mampu menghasilkan kinerja struktur yang bagus, baik pada bangunan-bangunan beraturan maupun tidak beraturan. Sampai batas-batas tertentu, bangunan dengan ketidakberaturan geometri vertikal dapat direncanakan sebagai satu kesatuan, namun jika perilakunya memburuk maka diperlukan dilatasi untuk mengatasinya. Studi ini akan meneliti pengaruh dilatasi pada bangunan dengan ketidakberaturan geometri vertikal yang direncanakan secara DDBD. Bangunan yang akan diteliti adalah bangunan perkantoran 6- dan 10- lantai dan direncanakan terhadap resiko gempa rendah maupun tinggi di Indonesia. Bangunan direncanakan dalam dua skenario yaitu tanpa dan dengan dilatasi. Pengujian kinerja struktur (drift dan damage index) akan dilakukan dengan analisis Time History. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua opsi menghasilkan kinerja yang baik dan menggunakan jumlah bahan yang relatif sama. Opsi dilatasi lain perlu diteliti lebih lanjut khususnya untuk mengurangi selisih perpindahan pada daerah dilatasi

Sintesis Bahan Membran Sel Bahan Bakar: Kopolimerisasi Stirena Pada Film Etfe Dengan Teknik Iradiasi Awal

Synthesis of Fuel Cell Membrane: Copolymerization of Styrene on ETFE Film by Grafted pre-Irradiation. PreirradiationGrafting styrene monomer on ETFE film has been prepared. Research has been performed by γ-ray radiationat various total dose from 2.5 - 12.5 kGy and various dose rate from 1.3 - 1.9 kGy/hour. Irradiated copolymer is thengrafted by styrene monomer in various solvent: ethanol, 2-propanol, and toluene, various concentration from 20 - 70%volume, various temperature from 50 - 90oC, and various grafting time from 2 - 12 hours. The results showed thatpercent of grafting is increase with increase of total dose and decrease of rate dose. The optimum experiment conditionsare obtained at total dose 10 kGy, dose rate 1,9 kGy/hour, 2-propanol solvent, 40% volume styrene, 4 hours graftingtime, and 70oC grafting temperature

Kinetic Resolution in Asymmetric Epoxidation using Iminium Salt Catalysis

The first reported examples of kinetic resolution in epoxidation reactions using iminium salt catalysis are described, providing up to 99% ee in the epoxidation of racemic cis-chromenes

Haptic guidance improves the visuo-manual tracking of trajectories

BACKGROUND: Learning to perform new movements is usually achieved by following visual demonstrations. Haptic guidance by a force feedback device is a recent and original technology which provides additional proprioceptive cues during visuo-motor learning tasks. The effects of two types of haptic guidances-control in position (HGP) or in force (HGF)-on visuo-manual tracking ("following") of trajectories are still under debate. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPALS FINDINGS: Three training techniques of haptic guidance (HGP, HGF or control condition, NHG, without haptic guidance) were evaluated in two experiments. Movements produced by adults were assessed in terms of shapes (dynamic time warping) and kinematics criteria (number of velocity peaks and mean velocity) before and after the training sessions. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: These results show that the addition of haptic information, probably encoded in force coordinates, play a crucial role on the visuo-manual tracking of new trajectories

Pembuatan Aplikasi Simulasi Ujian Praktik Pengambilan Surat Izin Mengemudi Kendaraan Roda Empat

The development of video games today have been growing rapidly. The latest technology, allows users to feel like in the virtual world of a video game. Simulation Game is one genre that can teach something to the user. Simulation Games like driving simulator can be used as a training tool before encountering a real condition with real vehicles.This thesis will generate a 3-dimensional application that can simulate practice exams for four-wheeled vehicles. The development of the application is using Unity Engine program with C# programming language. Logitech G27 Steering Wheel is used as the controller.The test results showed that the steering wheel device can generate output in accordance with steering control on the car. In this thesis, the test results indicate that the materials of practice test are made in 3-dimensional view is look alike reality with the practice of the real exam. This application also can be done by using the device steering wheel to steer the car in a virtual world

Analisis Sistem Pemasaran Stroberi pada Koptan Bali Buyan Berry di Desa Pancasari Kabupaten Buleleng

Analysis of Marketing System Strawberry on Koptan Bali Buyan Berry in the Village of Pancasari District Buleleng The study aims to determine of the function, structure, conduct and the performance of the market. Data used in this study is qualitative data and quantitative data, the data obtained and analyzed. The results showed on the functioning of the market there are three functions, namely market exchange, physical and facilities. Total of marketing agencies that are in the market structure as much as 1 merchant wholesalers, traders inter-city, inter-island trader and 4 retailers. Pricing in the study by bargaining and how to pay the monthly farmers with cash, the inter-city merchant cash once a month, on the inter-island trader bimonthly cash and at retailers with cash paid on the spot. The performance of the market and the marketing margin is calculated with the farmer\u27s share. At first marketing channel marketing margin is IDR 12,000 to the farmer\u27s share of 53.84%, the second marketing channel marketing margin is IDR 14,000 to the farmer\u27s share of 50% and the third marketing channel marketing margin of IDR 17,250 to the farmer\u27s share of 44.48%. Farmers should sell strawberries not only to the marketing agencies that already have the attachment of cooperation in order to obtain a higher sales price

Cell morphology drives spatial patterning in microbial communities

The clearest phenotypic characteristic of microbial cells is their shape, but we do not understand how cell shape affects the dense communities, known as biofilms, where many microbes live. Here, we use individual-based modeling to systematically vary cell shape and study its impact in simulated communities. We compete cells with different cell morphologies under a range of conditions and ask how shape affects the patterning and evolutionary fitness of cells within a community. Our models predict that cell shape will strongly influence the fate of a cell lineage: we describe a mechanism through which coccal (round) cells rise to the upper surface of a community, leading to a strong spatial structuring that can be critical for fitness. We test our predictions experimentally using strains of Escherichia coli that grow at a similar rate but differ in cell shape due to single amino acid changes in the actin homolog MreB. As predicted by our model, cell types strongly sort by shape, with round cells at the top of the colony and rod cells dominating the basal surface and edges. Our work suggests that cell morphology has a strong impact within microbial communities and may offer new ways to engineer the structure of synthetic communities

Expedition 306 summary

The overall aim of the North Atlantic paleoceanography study of Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 306 is to place late Neogene–Quaternary climate proxies in the North Atlantic into a chronology based on a combination of geomagnetic paleointensity, stable isotope, and detrital layer stratigraphies, and in so doing generate integrated North Atlantic millennial-scale stratigraphies for the last few million years. To reach this aim, complete sedimentary sections were drilled by multiple advanced piston coring directly south of the central Atlantic “ice-rafted debris belt” and on the southern Gardar Drift. In addition to the North Atlantic paleoceanography study, a borehole observatory was successfully installed in a new ~180 m deep hole close to Ocean Drilling Program Site 642, consisting of a circulation obviation retrofit kit to seal the borehole from the overlying ocean, a thermistor string, and a data logger to document and monitor bottom water temperature variations through time

Intensity-Based Registration of Freehand 3D Ultrasound and CT-scan Images of the Kidney

This paper presents a method to register a pre-operative Computed-Tomography (CT) volume to a sparse set of intra-operative Ultra-Sound (US) slices. In the context of percutaneous renal puncture, the aim is to transfer planning information to an intra-operative coordinate system. The spatial position of the US slices is measured by optically localizing a calibrated probe. Assuming the reproducibility of kidney motion during breathing, and no deformation of the organ, the method consists in optimizing a rigid 6 Degree Of Freedom (DOF) transform by evaluating at each step the similarity between the set of US images and the CT volume. The correlation between CT and US images being naturally rather poor, the images have been preprocessed in order to increase their similarity. Among the similarity measures formerly studied in the context of medical image registration, Correlation Ratio (CR) turned out to be one of the most accurate and appropriate, particularly with the chosen non-derivative minimization scheme, namely Powell-Brent's. The resulting matching transforms are compared to a standard rigid surface registration involving segmentation, regarding both accuracy and repeatability. The obtained results are presented and discussed

X-ray magnetic circular dichroïsm provides strong evidence for tetrahedral iron in ferrihydrite

International audience[1] Ferrihydrite is an important iron oxyhydroxide for earth and environmental sciences, biology, and technology. Nevertheless, its mineral structure remains a matter of debate. The stumbling block is whether a significant amount of tetrahedrally coordinated iron is present. Here we present the first X-ray magnetic circular dichroïsm (XMCD) measurements performed on a well characterized synthetic sample of 6-line fer-rihydrite, at both K and L 2,3 energy edges of iron. XMCD results demonstrate unambiguously the presence of tetrahedrally coordinated Fe(III) in the mineral structure, in quantities compatible with the latest extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses suggesting a concentration of 20–30%. Moreover , we find an antiferromagnetic coupling between tetrahedral and octahedral sublattices, with the octa-hedral sublattice parallel to the external magnetic field. Components: 5100 words, 3 figures