A proof of the generalized second law for rapidly changing fields and arbitrary horizon slices

The generalized second law is proven for semiclassical quantum fields falling across a causal horizon, minimally coupled to general relativity. The proof is much more general than previous proofs in that it permits the quantum fields to be rapidly changing with time, and shows that entropy increases when comparing any slice of the horizon to any earlier slice. The proof requires the existence of an algebra of observables restricted to the horizon, satisfying certain axioms (Determinism, Ultralocality, Local Lorentz Invariance, and Stability). These axioms are explicitly verified in the case of free fields of various spins, as well as 1+1 conformal field theories. The validity of the axioms for other interacting theories is discussed.Comment: 44 pages, 1 fig. v3: clarified Sec. 2; signs, factors/notation corrected in Eq. 75-80, 105-107; reflects published version. v4: clearer axioms in Sec. 2.3, fixed compensating factor of 2 errors in Eq. 54,74 etc., and other errors. Results unaffected. v5: fixed typos. v6: replaced faulty 1+1 CFT argument, added note on recent progres

A non local unitary vector model in 3-D

We present a unified analysis of single excitation vector models in 3D. We show that there is a family of first order master actions related by duality transformations which interpolate between the different models. We use a Hamiltonian (2+1) analysis to show the equivalence of the self-dual and topologically massive models with a covariant non local model which propagates also a single massive excitation. It is shown how the non local terms appears naturally in the path integral framework.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figur

A Kucha\v{r} Hypertime Formalism For Cylindrically Symmetric Spacetimes With Interacting Scalar Fields

The Kucha\v{r} canonical transformation for vacuum geometrodynamics in the presence of cylindrical symmetry is applied to a general non-vacuum case. The resulting constraints are highly non-linear and non-local in the momenta conjugate to the Kucha\v{r} embedding variables. However, it is demonstrated that the constraints can be solved for these momenta and thus the dynamics of cylindrically symmetric models can be cast in a form suitable for the construction of a hypertime functional Schr\"odinger equation.Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX, UBCTP-93-02

Extra dimensions in CERN LHC via mini-black holes: effective Kerr-Newman brane-world effects

We solve Einstein equations on the brane to derive the exact form of the braneworld-corrected perturbations in Kerr-Newman singularities, using Randall-Sundrum and Arkani-Hamed-Dimopoulos-Dvali (ADD) models. It is a consequence of such models the possibility that Kerr-Newman mini-black holes can be produced in LHC. We use this approach to derive a normalized correction for the Schwarzschild Myers-Perry radius of a static $(4+n)$-dimensional mini-black hole, using more realistic approaches arising from Kerr-Newman mini-black hole analysis. Besides, we prove that there are four Kerr-Newman black hole horizons in braneworld scenario we use, although only the outer horizon is relevant in the physical measurable processes. Parton cross sections in LHC and Hawking temperature are also investigated as functions of Planck mass (in the LHC range 1-10 TeV), mini-black hole mass and the number of large extra dimensions in braneworld large extra-dimensional scenarios. In this case a more realistic brane effect-corrected formalism can achieve more precisely the effective extra-dimensional Planck mass and the number of large extra dimensions -- in Arkani-Hamed-Dimopoulos-Dvali model -- or the size of the warped extra dimension -- in Randall-Sundrum formalism.Comment: 11 pages, 23 figures, citations update

Z' Gauge Models from Strings

Potentially realistic string models often contain additional abelian gauge factors besides the standard model group. The consequences of such extended gauge structure are manifold both for theory and phenomenology as I show focussing in the simplest case of just one additional non-anomalous U(1)'. First, I discuss the possible symmetry breaking patterns according to the scale at which the U(1)' symmetry gets broken: in the first case, that scale must be below ~ 1 TeV to avoid fine-tuning; in the second case, the breaking can take place along a flat direction at an intermediate scale between the string scale and the electroweak scale. In both cases, I present a number of the generic implications expected, e.g. for the mu problem, Z' and Higgs physics, dark matter and fermion masses.Comment: 10 pages + 2 eps figure