Lindblad approach to spatio-temporal quantum dynamics of phonon-induced carrier capture processes

In view of the ultrashort spatial and temporal scales involved, carrier capture processes in nanostructures are genuine quantum phenomena. To describe such processes, methods with different levels of approximations have been developed. By properly tailoring the Lindblad-based nonlinear single-particle density matrix equation provided by an alternative Markov approach, in this work we present a Lindblad superoperator to describe how the phonon-induced carrier capture affects the spatio-temporal quantum dynamics of a flying wave packet impinging on a quantum dot. We compare the results with non-Markovian quantum kinetics calculations and discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the two approaches.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figure

Chiral effective field theory predictions for muon capture on deuteron and 3He

The muon-capture reactions 2H(\mu^-,\nu_\mu)nn and 3He(\mu^-,\nu_\mu)3H are studied with nuclear strong-interaction potentials and charge-changing weak currents, derived in chiral effective field theory. The low-energy constants (LEC's) c_D and c_E, present in the three-nucleon potential and (c_D) axial-vector current, are constrained to reproduce the A=3 binding energies and the triton Gamow-Teller matrix element. The vector weak current is related to the isovector component of the electromagnetic current via the conserved-vector-current constraint, and the two LEC's entering the contact terms in the latter are constrained to reproduce the A=3 magnetic moments. The muon capture rates on deuteron and 3He are predicted to be 399(3) sec^{-1} and 1494 (21) sec^{-1}, respectively, where the spread accounts for the cutoff sensitivity as well as uncertainties in the LEC's and electroweak radiative corrections. By comparing the calculated and precisely measured rates on 3He, a value for the induced pseudoscalar form factor is obtained in good agreement with the chiral perturbation theory prediction.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, revisited version accepted for publication on Phys. Rev. Let

Electrodisintegration of 3^3He below and above deuteron breakup threshold

Recent advances in the study of electrodisintegration of 3He are presented and discussed. The pair-correlated hyperspherical harmonics method is used to calculate the initial and final state wave functions, with a realistic Hamiltonian consisting of the Argonne v18 two-nucleon and Urbana IX three-nucleon interactions. The model for the nuclear current and charge operators retains one- and many-body contributions. Particular attention is made in the construction of the two-body current operators arising from the momentum-dependent part of the two-nucleon interaction. Three-body current operators are also included so that the full current operator is strictly conserved. The present model for the nuclear current operator is tested comparing theoretical predictions and experimental data of pd radiative capture cross section and spin observables.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Eur. Phys. J.

Weak proton capture on 3He

The astrophysical S-factor for the proton weak capture on 3He is calculated with correlated-hyperspherical-harmonics bound and continuum wave functions corresponding to realistic Hamiltonians consisting of the Argonne v14 or Argonne v18 two-nucleon and Urbana-VIII or Urbana-IX three-nucleon interactions. The nuclear weak charge and current operators have vector and axial-vector components, that include one- and many-body terms. All possible multipole transitions connecting any of the p 3He S- and P-wave channels to the 4He bound state are considered. The S-factor at a p 3He center-of-mass energy of 10 keV, close to the Gamow-peak energy, is predicted to be 10.1 10^{-20} keV b with the AV18/UIX Hamiltonian, a factor of about 4.5 larger than the value adopted in the standard solar model. The P-wave transitions are found to be important, contributing about 40 % of the calculated S-factor. The energy dependence is rather weak: the AV18/UIX zero-energy S-factor is 9.64 10^{-20} keV b, only 5 % smaller than the 10 keV result quoted above. The model dependence is also found to be weak: the zero-energy S-factor is calculated to be 10.2 10^{-20} keV b with the older AV14/UVIII model, only 6 % larger than the AV18/UIX result. Our best estimate for the S-factor at 10 keV is therefore (10.1 \pm 0.6) 10^{-20} keV b, when the theoretical uncertainty due to the model dependence is included. This value for the calculated S-factor is not as large as determined in fits to the Super-Kamiokande data in which the hep flux normalization is free. However, the precise calculation of the S-factor and the consequent absolute prediction for the hep neutrino flux will allow much greater discrimination among proposed solar neutrino oscillation solutions.Comment: 54 pages RevTex file, 6 PostScript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Isospin mixing in the nucleon and 4He and the nucleon strange electric form factor

In order to isolate the contribution of the nucleon strange electric form factor to the parity-violating asymmetry measured in 4He(\vec e,e')4He experiments, it is crucial to have a reliable estimate of the magnitude of isospin-symmetry-breaking (ISB) corrections in both the nucleon and 4He. We examine this issue in the present letter. Isospin admixtures in the nucleon are determined in chiral perturbation theory, while those in 4He are derived from nuclear interactions, including explicit ISB terms. A careful analysis of the model dependence in the resulting predictions for the nucleon and nuclear ISB contributions to the asymmetry is carried out. We conclude that, at the low momentum transfers of interest in recent measurements reported by the HAPPEX collaboration at Jefferson Lab, these contributions are of comparable magnitude to those associated with strangeness components in the nucleon electric form factor.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, revtex

The Three-Nucleon System Near the N-d Threshold

The three-nucleon system is studied at energies a few hundred keV above the N-d threshold. Measurements of the tensor analyzing powers $T_{20}$ and $T_{21}$ for p-d elastic scattering at $E_{c.m.}=432$ keV are presented together with the corresponding theoretical predictions. The calculations are extended to very low energies since they are useful for extracting the p-d scattering lengths from the experimental data. The interaction considered here is the Argonne V18 potential plus the Urbana three-nucleon potential. The calculation of the asymptotic D- to S-state ratio for $^3$H and $^3$He, for which recent experimental results are available, is also presented.Comment: Latex, 11 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Phy.Lett.

Electromagnetic transitions for A=3 nuclear systems

Recent advances in the study of pd radiative capture in a wide range of center-of-mass energy below and above deuteron breakup threshold are presented and discussed.Comment: Invited lead talk at the 19th European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, Groningen, The Netherlands, 8/23 - 8/27 2004, 5 pages, 4 figure