Effect of zero valent iron nanoparticles to Eisenia fetida in three soil types

In this study, the influence of soil types on the effect of the commercial form of C-nZVI on tissue concentrations, cellular component, reproduction outcome in <i>Eisenia fetida</i>, and the soil health was investigated. C-nZVI at concentration level of 3 g kg^-1 soil showed no effect on the survival of <i>E. fetida</i> in the three soil types. However, varying effects such as concentration-dependent increase in tissue iron concentration, lipid peroxidation, and damage to DNA molecules by C-nZVI were observed. C-nZVI at an exposure concentration of 60 mg kg^-1 soil induced oxidative stress in <i>E. fetida</i>. Tissue Fe concentration appeared correlated to the DNA damage. Oxidative stress and DNA damage may explain the toxicity mechanisms of nZVI to <i>E. fetida</i>