The significance of sample mass in the analysis of steroid estrogens in sewage sludges and the derivation of partition coefficients in wastewaters

Optimization of an analytical method for determination of steroid estrogens, through minimizing sample size, resulted in recoveries >84%, with relative standard deviations <3% and demonstrated the significance of sample size on method performance. Limits of detection were 2.1–5.3 ng/g. Primary sludges had estrogen concentrations of up to one order of magnitude less than those found in biological sludges (up to 994 ng/g). However, partition coefficients were higher in primary sludges (except estriol), with the most hydrophobic compound (ethinylestradiol) exhibiting the highest Kp value, information which may be of value to those involved in modeling removal during wastewater treatment

Une baie parée de vertus (la tomate (lycopersicum esculatum))

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Chronopsychologie et mémoire : étude de l’effet de la profondeur de traitement en fonction du moment de la journée

International audienceCette étude vise à examiner les effets de la profondeur de traitement à l’encodage sur la mémoire en fonction du moment de la journée et du mode de récupération (rappel libre et reconnaissance). Trente-cinq jeunes adultes ont appris une liste de mots de manière superficielle (compter le nombre de syllabes) ou de manière élaborée (faire une phrase avec chaque mot), puis ont été soumis à une tâche de rappel libre et à une tâche de reconnaissance. Ce protocole a été réalisé à 11 heures et à 15 heures. Nous retrouvons les effets globaux habituels de la profondeur de traitement et de la rythmicité journalière. De manière plus originale, dans la tâche de rappel mais pas dans la tâche de reconnaissance, les résultats confirment l’hypothèse selon laquelle seules les performances liées à un encodage profond fluctuent au cours de la journée. Il semble donc qu’un encodage profond implique des ressources cognitives plus importantes qu’un encodage superficiel et que celles-ci ne sont mobilisables qu’aux moments de la journée où la vigilance est plus importante. Cette étude permet donc d’éclairer les interactions entre les processus d’encodage et de récupération en mémoire et leur niveau d’efficience selon le moment de la journée

Les carrières-grottes de Caumont revisitées (Normandie)

International audienc

Decisões financeiras em pequenas construtoras: estudo de caso da EVUR Engenharia em São José do Egito – PE

Given the challenges faced by small construction companies in inland regions, this study aimed to analyze the factors that influence financial decisions at EVUR Engenharia, located in São José do Egito –PE. The justification lies in the need to understand how Economic Engineering practices can be applied in contexts of simplified management and limited resources.The methodology used was qualitative and exploratory, through a semi-structured interview with the engineer responsible for the company, allowing the identification of strategies, difficulties, and decision-making criteria adopted. The results showed that, although the company uses tools such as OrçaFascio for budget planning, its financial decisions are still largely empirical, with little use of formal tools such as VPL, TIR and Payback. Factors such as fluctuations in input prices, clients' payment capacity, and limited access to credit were highlighted as decisive influences. It is concluded that the adoption of more structured economic analysis practices can contribute to the company's financial sustainability and increase its competitiveness, reinforcing the importance of integrating technical knowledge and Economic Engineering tools, even in small businesses.Diante dos desafios enfrentados por pequenas construtoras em regiões interioranas, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os fatores que influenciam as decisões financeiras na EVUR Engenharia, localizada em São José do Egito –PE. A justificativa parte da necessidade de compreender como práticas de Engenharia Econômica podem ser aplicadas em contextos de gestão simplificada e recursos limitados. A metodologia adotada foi qualitativa e exploratória, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com o engenheiro responsável pela empresa, permitindo identificar estratégias, dificuldades e critérios de decisão adotados. Os resultados evidenciaram que, embora a empresa utilize ferramentas como o OrçaFascio para planejamento orçamentário, suas decisões financeiras aindasão majoritariamente empíricas, com pouca aplicação de ferramentas formais como VPL, TIR e Payback. Fatores como variação nos preços de insumos, capacidade de pagamento dos clientes e acesso restrito a crédito foram destacados como influências determinantes. Conclui-se que a adoção de práticas mais estruturadas de análise econômica pode contribuir para a sustentabilidade financeira e o aumento da competitividade da empresa, reforçando a importância de integrar conhecimentos técnicos e instrumentos da Engenharia Econômica, mesmo em organizações de pequeno porte.Ante los desafíos que enfrentan las pequeñas constructoras en regiones rurales, este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los factores que influyen en las decisiones financieras en EVUR Engenharia, ubicada en São José do Egito –PE. La justificación parte de la necesidad de comprender cómo las prácticas de Ingeniería Económica pueden aplicarse en contextos de gestión simplificada y recursos limitados. La metodología adoptada fue cualitativa y exploratoria, mediante una entrevista semiestructurada con el ingeniero responsable de la empresa, lo que permitió identificar estrategias, dificultades y criterios de decisión adoptados. Los resultados evidenciaron que, aunque la empresa utiliza herramientas como OrçaFascio para la planificación presupuestaria, sus decisiones financieras siguen siendo mayoritariamente empíricas, con poca aplicación de herramientas formales como el VAN, TIR y Payback. Factores como la variación en los precios de los insumos, la capacidad de pago de los clientes y el acceso restringido al crédito fueron destacados como influencias determinantes. Se concluye que la adopción de prácticas más estructuradas de análisis económico puede contribuir a la sostenibilidad financiera y al aumento de la competitividad de la empresa, reforzando la importancia de integrar conocimientos técnicos e instrumentos de la Ingeniería Económica, incluso en organizaciones de pequeño tamaño

Natural History of Perianal Fistulising Lesions in Patients With Elderly-onset Crohn’s Disease: A Population-based Study

Abstract Introduction Most studies of elderly-onset Crohn’s disease [CD; diagnosed in patients aged 60 or over] have described a mild course. However, data on the natural history of perianal fistulising CD [pfCD] in this population are scarce. In a population-based cohort study, we described the prevalence, natural history, and treatment of pfCD in patients with elderly-onset CD vs patients with paediatric-onset CD. Method All patients diagnosed with CD at or after the age of 60 between 1988 and 2006, were included [n = 372]. Logistic regression, Cox models, and a nested case-control method were used to identify factors associated with pfCD. Results A total of 34 elderly patients [9% of the 372] had pfCD at diagnosis. After a median follow-up of 6 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 3; 10), 59 patients [16%] had pfCD; the same prevalence [16%] was observed in paediatric-onset patients. At last follow-up, anal incontinence was more frequent in elderly patients with pfCD than in elderly patients without pfCD [22% vs 4%, respectively; p &amp;lt; 10–4]. Rectal CD at diagnosis was associated with pfCD: hazard ratio (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.8 [1.6–5.0]). Although 37% of the patients received immunosuppressants and 17% received anti-tumour necrosis factor agents, 24% [14 out of 59] had a definitive stoma at last follow-up. Conclusion During the first 6 years of disease, the prevalence of pfCD was similar in elderly and paediatric patients. Rectal involvement was associated with the appearance of pfCD in elderly-onset patients. Around a quarter of patients with elderly-onset CD will have a stoma. Our results suggest that treatment with biologics should be evaluated in these patients. </jats:sec