Characterization and prognostic value of mutations in exons 5 and 6 of the p53 gene in patients with colorectal cancers in central Iran

Background/Aims: We aimed to investigate the relation-ships among various mutations of the p53 gene and their protein products, histological characteristics, and disease prognosis of primary colorectal cancer in Isfahan, central Iran. Methods: Sixty-one patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled in the study. Mutations of the p53 gene were detected by single-stranded conformation polymorphism and DNA sequencing. The protein stability was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Patients were followed up to 48 months. Results: Twenty-one point mutations in exons 5 and 6 were detected in the tumor specimens of 14 patients (23%). Of those, 81% and 9.5% were missense and nonsense mutations, respectively. There were also two novel mutations in the intronic region between exons 5 and 6. In 11 mutated specimens, protein stability and protein accumulation were identified. There was a relationship between the type of mutation and protein accumulation in exons 5 and 6 of the p53 gene. The presence of the mutation was associated with an advanced stage of cancer (trend, p<0.009). Patients with mutated p53 genes had significantly lower survival rates than those with wild type p53 genes (p<0.01). Conclusions: Mutations in exons 5 and 6 of the p53 gene are common genetic alterations in colorectal adenocarcinoma in central Iran and are associated with a poor prognosis of the disease

Including cognitive aspects in multiple criteria decision analysis

"First Online: 21 December 2016"Many Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methods have been proposed over the last decades. Some of the most known methods share some similarities in the way they are used and configured. However, we live in a time of change and nowadays the decision-making process (especially when done in group) is even more demanding and dynamic. In this work, we propose a Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis method that includes cognitive aspects (Cognitive Analytic Process). By taking advantage of aspects such as expertise level, credibility and behaviour style of the decision-makers, we propose a method that relates these aspects with problem configurations (alternatives and criteria preferences) done by each decision-maker. In this work, we evaluated the Cognitive Analytic Process (CAP) in terms of configuration costs and the capability to enhance the quality of the decision. We have used the satisfaction level as a metric to compare our method with other known MCDA methods in literature (Utility function, AHP and TOPSIS). Our method proved to be capable to achieve higher satisfaction levels compared to other MCDA methods, especially when the decision suggested by CAP is different from the one proposed by those methods.This work was supported by COMPETE Programme (operational programme for competitiveness) within project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007043, by National Funds through the FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) within the Projects UID/CEC/00319/2013, UID/EEA/00760/2013, and the João Carneiro PhD grant with the reference SFRH/BD/89697/2012.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The role of ethanol on the anticonvulsant effect of valproic acid and cortical microvascular changes after epileptogenesis in mice

Abstract There have been conflicting reports regarding the role of ethanol in seizure.Another effect of ethanol is vascular damage in cerebral tissue. This study investigates the influence of ethanol on antiepileptic efficacy of valproic acid (VPA) and cerebral microvascular structure. In this study, four groups of mice (25–30 g) received pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) i.p. (37 mg/kg) every other day. Different groups of animals received an injection of saline, ethanol (1 g/kg),VPA (100 mg/kg), or VPA and ethanol 30 min before PTZ. Animals in groups 5 and 6 received only ethanol and saline, respectively. After recording seizure parameters, the animals were sacrificed under deep anesthesia and the brains of the animals were removed and fixed, thereafter coronal sections were prepared from cerebral cortex. Then, the cerebral microvessels were counted in microscopic sections after hematoxylin–eosin staining. Ethanol injection (1 g/kg) for 7 days decreased stage 4 duration and increased latency to the onset of stage 1 and stage 4 of seizure (p\0.001). Concomitant injection ofVPA(5 min before ethanol) and ethanol had significantly stronger anticonvulsant effects than VPA alone (p\0.001). Furthermore, the findings showed that not only the cerebral microvessels increased significantly in ethanol group compared with saline group (p\0.05), but also there were morphological changes in vascular endothelium in ethanol group. The obtained results show that shortterm ethanol administration has anticonvulsant effects along with VPA, and enhances the anticonvulsant effects of VPA. Furthermore, it is possible that VPA leads to decreased ethanol-induced vascular damage

The effect of the marker expression HMWCK in Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and Adenocarcinoma by immunohidtochemistery an histology methods

AbstractBackground and purpose: The effect of the marker expression high molecular weight cytokeratin ) HMWCK ( in Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and adenocarcinoma prostate. There were conventional reported about rate expression HMWCK in adenocarcinoma prostate The purpose of this studied was to determine expression of the marker HMWCK with histopathological parameters in BPH and adnocarcinoma in prostatic by immunohistochemistry methods. Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytical research was conducted on 79 patients admitted to Hospital in Isfahan Iran. Samples were fixed in formalin and tissue processing and stained by hematoxilin and eosin adenocarcinoma samples were classified with Gleason pattern ( score) method by two pathologist. The effect of over expression in marker expression HMWCK was done after diagnosis by two expert(blind). The obtained data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: Out of the 79 specimens 43 samples were BPH and 36 samples were adenocarcinoma . in 40 samples with diagnosis BPH were observed of the marker HMWCK and 3 samples were negative. Out of 36 samples with diagnosis adenocarcinoma 35 them over expression marker of the HMWCK were negative but one samples was positive. . The over specimens malignancy were in higher Gleason score There was significant relationships between type samples (BPH and adenocarcinoma) with over expression of the marker HMWCK

Genetic Identification of Echinococcus granulosus Isolates from Domestic Animals in Sabzevar, Northeast Iran

The article's abstract is not available.</jats:p

Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Anethum graveolens leaves on the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in the epileptic mice: a histopathological and immunohistochemical study

Anethum graveolens or Dill (local name: Shevid) belongs to the family of Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) and is used traditionally for the treatment of convulsion and diabetes in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of A. graveolens leaves on the histology of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in the epileptic mice kindled by Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). In this experimental study, the epileptic BALB/c mice kindled by PTZ were randomly divided into four groups of 10 animals each. Three experimental groups received 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg/day of A. graveolens extract for 21 days. The control group received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). After the treatment period, the mice were anesthetized, and their hippocampi were dissected for the histopathological analysis, and immunohistochemical analysis for caspase-3 activity. Histopathological examinations showed that the mean numbers of the healthy neuronal cells in the dentate gyrus of the mice received 500 mg/kg/day of A. graveolens extracts were significantly higher than those of the mice received 250 and 750 mg/kg/day of the extracts as well as the control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). In addition, the results of immunohistochemical analysis revealed that in mice treated with 500 mg/kg/day of A. graveolens; the numbers of caspase-3-positive cells in the dentate gyrus were significantly lower than those of the two other test and the control groups. The findings of this study suggest that 500 mg/kg/day of the A. graveolens extract could have protective effect on the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in the epileptic mice

Prevalence of Enterobiasis Among the Kindergarten Children of Sabzevar, Northeast of Iran

Background: Enterobiasis is a common parasitic disease at all age groups, especially children. It results in perianal itching, insomnia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rarely appendicitis and fallopian tube inflammation in the affected patients. The prevalence of enterobiasis varies in different parts of Iran. However, the status of the enterobiasis prevalence among Sabzevar children remains unknown. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of enterobiasis among the kindergarten children of Sabzevar, Razavi Khorasan province, the northeast of Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical-descriptive study, sampling was carried out on children aged below 7 years using the Scotch-tape technique in the kindergartens of Sabzevar in 2019. The samples were then examined by a light microscope. Finally, the data were recorded in a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software and Fisher exact test. Results: Based on the results, 6 (3.49%) out of 172 collected samples were found to be infected with enterobiasis. There was no significant association between gender and infection. Eventually, no significant relationship was found between the geographical living area and enterobiasis. Conclusions: These findings indicated that the overall prevalence of enterobiasis among Sabzevar kindergarten children was lower than that of many parts of Iran. However, educational programs for parents and kindergarten staff regarding enterobiasis infection and the transmission routes should be conducted to reduce the infection rate.</jats:p