An Assessment of Mechanical Behavior on High Temperature and Different Volume Fraction of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials are the primary choice in various structural and high performance application facilitating the need from the last four decades. High specific strength, high specific modulus, high stiffness to weight ratio, and design flexibility enables FRP composite materials to be used in a large number of critical structural components in aircrafts, satellite structures, various automobile components, wind turbine blades, sport goods etc. The mechanical properties of glass fiber/epoxy composite is significantly altered by high temperature and volume fraction which exhibits the various types of the failure modes (e.g. delamination sites, debonding, fiber pullout regions, crack propagation front, striations and bubble bursting in the matrix). The glass/epoxy composites were prepared for two different volume fraction of 50/50 and 60/40 and SBS samples were thermally conditioned at 500c at ambient and for different time duration period of 1hr, 5hr and 7hr. Interlaminar shear behaviour may be used to characterize FRP composite material.DSC analysis shows Tg value increases with increase in thermal conditioning time w.r.t ambient Tg value for glass/epoxy composites. From the FTIR analysis we observe the band at 550-650 cm-1 is the spectra range of 50/50 volume fraction of the glass/epoxy system with the shifting of bandwidth with decrease in thermal conditioning time

Factors associated with survival during high frequency oscillatory ventilation in children

Our aim is to determine indicators of survival in children with severe hypoxic respiratory failure (HRF) after transition to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). Single-center retrospective examination of children with HRF transitioned to HFOV. Blood gases and ventilator settings 24 hours prior to and 48 hours after HFOV in survivors and nonsurvivors were evaluated. Sixty-two children with mean age of 7 years and mean weight of 26 kg were included with an observed mortality of 29%. Mean airway pressures (Paw), oxygenation index (OI), arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2)/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) (P/F) ratio, pH, bicarbonate, and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure were similar prior to HFOV in survivors and nonsurvivors. During HFOV, mean OI and P/F ratio improved in both groups with an average Paw increase of ∼10 cm H2O. Survivors had lower OI than nonsurvivors (21 ± 0.9 vs. 26.5 ± 2.2; p 200. Survivors had higher pH than nonsurvivors at 36 hours (7.40 ± 0.01 vs. 7.32 ± 0.02; p < 0.05), higher bicarbonate levels (27.1 ± 0.7 vs. 23.9 ± 1.3 mEq/L), and similar arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure with less oscillatory support (i.e., hertz and amplitude). Inhaled nitric oxide was used in 53% of patients with improvements in oxygenation but with no effect on mortality. HFOV improves oxygenation in children with severe HRF. Nonsurvivors can be distinguished from survivors at 24 to 36 hours during HFOV by higher OI, metabolic acidosis, and higher oscillatory support. These data may assist in prognostication or timing of initiating alternative therapies, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Responsible artificial intelligence is good business

There is increasing evidence of the business benefits of responsible AI (RAI), when companies mitigate risks through training and testing data, measuring model bias and accuracy, and model documentation. Companies that adopt responsible AI experience higher returns on their AI investment. Raj Shekhar writes that business leaders globally must coalesce around the imperative to develop rigorous, consistent standards for responsible AI adoption

Bilateral chylothorax: A late complication of Kawashima procedure despite normal pulmonary pressures

Introduction: Chylothorax, a relatively rare congenital heart disease early postoperative complication, is occurring more frequently due to complexity of cardiac surgeries. Presentation of case: We present a 9-month-old boy who had hypoplastic left heart (HLH) syndrome with interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) and bilateral superior vena cava (SVC) palliated with left sided modified Blalock-Taussig (MBT) shunt during neonatal period and second stage palliation with left sided bidirectional glen (BDG) procedure and right sided Kawashima procedure develop bilateral chylothorax two weeks after discharge. Discussion: This is the first reported case in the literature of a patient who developed chylothorax with relatively low Fontan systemic venous pressures after a Kawashima procedure. Clinically important chylothorax may be a marker of poor long-term outcomes, demonstrating an inability to handle overwhelming lymphatic congestion. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of chylothorax in complex cardiac surgeries may permit successful conservative management

Clinico- Hematological Study of anaemia Among Adolescent Age Group of N.M.C.H, Jamuhar,Bihar

Background :Anaemia is a major global health problem especially in developing countries like India and is a widespread nutritional problem more commonly seen in women and children during their most crucial periods like during pregnancy and growth, and as the studies on school age children were very few, hence this study was taken. Objective:To study the clinico-hematological profile of anaemia in adolescent age group at tertiary care centre, NMCH, Jamuhar, Bihar. Methods:A retrospective study done in adolescent age group presenting with anaemia during the period from January 2023 to June 2023. A total of 250 cases were studied.Results:A total of 250 cases were studied of which the maximum incidence of anaemia was found in the female age group Pallor was the commonest clinical sign followed by weakness and fatigability. Anaemia was graded according to WHO criteria. The maximum cases were under Grade I category (severe: Hb-&gt;10gm/dl) i.e. mild anaemia.Among the morphological type, majority were Microcytic hypochromic anaemia (64 %), Normocytic hypochromic anaemia (36 %), Dimorphic anaemia (2%). Interpretation and conclusion: Complete haemogram evaluation was analyzed with Erba-360 analyzer (5 parts). Leishman stain, New Methylene blue, May Grunwald Giemsa were used for peripheral smear. The most common type of anaemia was Microcytic hypochromic anaemia. Majority of the cases were from rural area (75%) than urban (25%).The present study concludes that early diagnosis and management will help in better cognitive and motor development in childre

Resource Planning for Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) Control Programs: Feasibility Study of the Tool for Integrated Planning and Costing (TIPAC).

<p>Resource Planning for Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) Control Programs: Feasibility Study of the Tool for Integrated Planning and Costing (TIPAC)</p

Role of closed subcutaneous drain in prevention of surgical site infection in perforation peritonitis

Background: Surgery for perforation peritonitis is associated with the highest rates of infective complications, especially surgical site infection. SSI occurs due to failure of obliteration of dead space during abdominal wound closure resulting in formation of hematoma and seroma collection in the surgical wound viz. abdominal wound in cases of perforation peritonitis. This acts as a good culture medium for bacterial organisms to grow and cause wound infection. The bacterial pathogens can be either from intra-abdominal sepsis or nosocomial in origin. Closed suction drains can be used effectively to eliminate dead space in the wound and evacuates the seroma or hematoma collection, thereby reducing chances of SSI and also helps in early detection of SSI by inspecting the nature of drain output. Aim was to evaluate the role of closed suction drains in prevention of SSI in cases of perforation peritonitis. Methods: Comparative study of 60 cases of perforation peritonitis divided into two equal groups (Group A patient with closed suction drain in subcutaneous space vs. Group B patient without closed suction drain). Outcomes of SSI were compared. Results: The incidence of SSI in Group A was 33% whereas in Group B was 70%. 40% cases in SSI in Group A whereas 76% cases of SSI in Group B developed wound dehiscence. Most cases of SSI was diagnosed on POD 2 for Group A and on POD 4 for Group B. Conclusions: The study supports use of closed suction drain in perforation peritonitis for prevention, early detection and appropriate management of SSI