O FATO DESCRIMINANTE

O autor aborda com a autoridade que lhe é universalmente reconhecida, a questão do “fato discriminante”. Cuida da metodologia de “isolar um elemento constitutivo do ilícito, material ou objetivo”. Salienta que por este expediente é possível mostrar que “um só fato pode subsumir-se em diversas normas incriminadoras configurando, nos diversos casos, realidades diferentes, ínsitas no próprio fato pela diversa interpretação com o elemento subjetivo do dolo ou da culpa, em momento que precede a valoração jurídica.” ABSTRACT The author approaches, with his worldly recoginzed authority, the “ unincriminating fact”. Takes on the metodology of “isolating one constitutive element from the illicit, material or objective, pointing out that using this metode it is possible to show that “a single fact can be fitted into several incriminating norms configuring, in the diverse cases, different realities, because of the fact that many diverse interpretations are possible with the subjective element of guilt or deceit, at moment that precedes the legal valuation”

Damaged DNA Binding Protein 2 Plays a Role in Breast Cancer Cell Growth

The Damaged DNA binding protein 2 (DDB2), is involved in nucleotide excision repair as well as in other biological processes in normal cells, including transcription and cell cycle regulation. Loss of DDB2 function may be related to tumor susceptibility. However, hypothesis of this study was that DDB2 could play a role in breast cancer cell growth, resulting in its well known interaction with the proliferative marker E2F1 in breast neoplasia. DDB2 gene was overexpressed in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (MCF-7 and T47D), but not in ER-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB231 and SKBR3) or normal mammary epithelial cell lines. In addition, DDB2 expression was significantly (3.0-fold) higher in ER-positive than in ER-negative tumor samples (P = 0.0208) from 16 patients with breast carcinoma. Knockdown of DDB2 by small interfering RNA in MCF-7 cells caused a decrease in cancer cell growth and colony formation. Inversely, introduction of the DDB2 gene into MDA-MB231 cells stimulated growth and colony formation. Cell cycle distribution and 5 Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation by flow cytometry analysis showed that the growth-inhibiting effect of DDB2 knockdown was the consequence of a delayed G1/S transition and a slowed progression through the S phase of MCF-7 cells. These results were supported by a strong decrease in the expression of S phase markers (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen, cyclin E and dihydrofolate reductase). These findings demonstrate for the first time that DDB2 can play a role as oncogene and may become a promising candidate as a predictive marker in breast cancer

STATUTO GIURIDICO DEL MEDICO E GARANZIE DEL MALATO - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2012v61p235

Il testo ora pubblicato intende portare portare all’enunciazione di una proposta, sia sull’aiuto a morire, sia riguardo alla cura del malato da parte dei medici, che mira ad una riforma legislativa. A tale scopo sono messi in rilievo i punti cruciali della questione, soprattutto per evitare la sua radicalizzazione. Ai fini di una riforma legislativa la tematica dell’aiuto a morire deve essere affrontata all’interno di una più ampia cornice: quella che inquadra l’intera situazione di specifica vulnerabilità del malato e che pretende una ridefinizione complessiva dello statuto giuridico del medico e delle garanzie del malato.   PAROLE-CHIAVE: Medico. Aiuto a morire. Consenso. Autodeterminazione.   Statuto Giuridico del medico. Garanzie del malato.   ABSTRACT This paper objective is to redevelop a law reform proposal about the “dying assistance” subject, as well as the medical treatment of the unhealthy. Considering this objective, there will be exposed the fundamental points of the issue, especially to avoid radicalization.  Considering the law reform proposal, the subject “dying assistance” has to be presented in a way that exposes the vulnerability of the unhealthy and searches for a redefinition of the doctor law status and the warranties of the diseased.   KEYWORDS: Doctor. Dying assistance.  Consent. Self-determination.  Doctor legal status. Diseased  warranties

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