Limits to Community Participation in Tourism: A Case Study of Amathole District Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

An approach to tourism development that emphasises the need for community participation in tourism planning is advocated as a pathway to sustainable tourism and poverty alleviation. However, it is argued that the community participation concept originated in the developed world and faces different and context-specific limitations when applied in developing countries. This paper examines the structural and operational limits to community involvement in tourism in the Amathole District Municipality, Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. The study adopted a quantitative research methodology using self-administered questionnaires as a data collection instrument. The study participants were members of the community working in the tourism industry and local community members who have an interest in tourism. Whilst the study main objective was to understand the barriers to community participation in tourism, it also thought to understand whether there were any differences in responses between those working in the tourism industry and those who do not work in the tourism industry. The results of the study indicated a significant difference in opinions regarding limits to community participation in tourism between those working and those not working in the tourism industry. This paper contributes further to the debate of barriers to community participation in tourism at a local level, which deprives community members of sharing in benefits of the tourism industry and highlights the barriers that needs to be eliminated if such benefits are to be accrued by community members

The contribution of guest houses to economic growth and employment as key components of local economic development in the Eden District Area

Tourism has come to be seen as a key driver for local economic development in South Africa, as it provides opportunities for pro-poor and community-based initiatives. On a global scale, the challenges of confronting poverty and unemployment continue to dominate the development agenda. The ability of Local Economic Development (LED) to empower local people has earned favour with national governments and development theorists. The imperative facing South Africa to achieve a more equitable and sustainable economy is essentially the challenge to adopt and implement a development approach that will reduce poverty and unemployment (which are the two key objectives of LED) to the greatest extent. It is within this context that the South African government has sought to incorporate LED into their economic development framework, predominantly through the decentralisation of development control and planning to the local government level. This study examined the contribution of guest houses to economic growth and employment as key components of LED in a sustainable manner. The study revealed that guest houses are playing a key role in the development of the local economy in the Eden district region. Guest houses are providing employment opportunities to the local residents both on a full-time and part-time basis. Further to this, guest houses are buying many locally-produced products and services from local suppliers and this contributes to economic growth of the local economy. However, this study also found that many of the guest houses in the area are not aware of government incentives available to support them and very few of them have made use of these services. This is something that needs to be addressed if these guest houses are to continue to strengthen the local economy and provide employment opportunities in a sustainable manner. The study revealed that many of the guest houses are operating in an environmentally friendly manner and this will ensure their future sustainability. The broader situation and the contribution of the accommodation sector as critical assets in local and national tourism economies has been thoroughly researched in tourism research around the world. Existing work on the accommodation sector in the South African tourism economy is mainly urban-focused and indicates that its local development impacts can be positive albeit not always maximised through local linkages, however, only a limited amount of academic investigations examines the contribution of tourism sub-sectors to economic growth and employment. The authenticity of this study is based on Its contribution which must be viewed in relation to the relatively limited body of literature in the contribution of tourism sub-sectors to economic growth and employment and in this case guest houses as one type of accommodation sub-sector

Tourism collaborative governance: The views of tourism small and medium-sized enterprises in rural areas

It is recognised that collaborative governance of­fers better solutions to problems than those fashioned exclu­sively by government agencies. Collaborative governance in­volves several relevant parties, particularly in the travel and tourism sector. The integrative processes of collaborative governance in the tourism industry provide a direct face-to-face alternative, leading to thorough and comprehensive stra­tegic planning. Recent tourism governance research has ex­plored the role of multiple actors in governing destinations but has not comprehensively investigated the role that tour­ism small and medium-sized enterprises play as important stakeholders at rural tourism destinations. Since tourism small and medium-sized enterprises are critical players in tourism collaborative governance, there is a need for an eval­uation of the role they play in this context. This study ex­plores the opinions of tourism small and medium-sized en­terprises regarding collaborative governance at rural tourism destinations. The study adopted a qualitative research ap­proach and employed a purposive sampling method, a non-probability sampling technique to select participants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The results of the investigation indicate that tour­ism small and medium-sized enterprises recognise the need for their participation in tourism collabo­rative governance, the necessity of knowledgeable conveners, the importance of equal voices during stakeholder meetings, and mutual trust among stakeholders as essential components of effective col­laborative governance. The study recommends active and equitable community participation, build­ing mutual trust among stakeholders, and promoting effective collaboration between all parties in­volved in tourism collaborative governance

Collaborative governance and rural community development : the case of tourism in Nqileni village, Eastern Cape province

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.ENGLISH SUMMARY: The potential advantages of tourism for rural communities revealed that the policies and practices of rural development, particularly a just and effective collaborative governance approach, impact the accrual of advantages. Collaborative governance, whose roots are at the core of the "governance" concept, evolved after decades of debates about whether traditional government-based systems could manage current societal concerns. It has been recognized that collaborative governance is a key strategy in the tourism industry. The question at hand is whether effective tourism collaborative governance can lead to rural community development. This research aims to assess the importance of collaborative governance in tourism for rural community development by investigating the underlying and supporting factors that drive or hinder collaborative governance. This investigation adopted a case study design using a qualitative approach. In addition, the study was exploratory to ascertain the nature of the phenomenon being researched and provided an improved understanding of the problem. The investigation was undertaken using qualitative methods that allowed for an exploratory approach that enabled the effective discovery of perceptions, attitudes, and understanding of the phenomenon being studied. As a result, this study focused on looking at the viewpoints of those relevant to it, including their thoughts, attitudes, motives, and intents. The investigation results revealed that good collaborative governance in tourism by stakeholders involved can contribute to rural community development. The study's results further revealed that supporting factors such as involvement of all stakeholders in decision-making, legitimate and skilled conveners (village Chiefs), mutual trust and working towards equitable benefits amongst the stakeholders should be at the forefront of collaborative governance. Subsequently, the study recommends a tourism collaborative approach that is rooted in stakeholder participation in decision-making, in a working together that is governed by mutual trust and governance that is focused on the equitable distribution of benefits generated by tourism.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die potensiele voordele van toerisme vir landelike gemeenskappe het aan die lig gebring dat die beleid en praktyke van landelike ontwikkeling, veral 'n regverdige en doeltreffende samewerkende bestuursbenadering, 'n impak op die opbou van voordele het. Samewerkende regering, wie se wortels die kern van die "bestuur"-konsep is, het ontwikkel na dekades van debatte oor of tradisionele regeringsgebaseerde stelsels huidige maatskaplike bekommernisse kan bestuur. Daar is erken dat samewerkende bestuur 'n sleutelstrategie in die toerismebedryf is. Die vraag ter sprake is of doeltreffende toerisme-samewerkende bestuur tot landelike gemeenskapsontwikkeling kan lei. Die doel van hierdie navorsing is om die belangrikheid van samewerkende regering in toerisme vir landelike gemeenskapsontwikkeling te evalueer deur die onderliggende en ondersteunende faktore wat samewerkende regering dryf of belemmer, te ondersoek. Hierdie ondersoek het 'n gevallestudie-ontwerp binne 'n kwalitatiewe benadering aanvaar. Daarbenewens was die studie verkennend om die aard van die verskynsel wat nagevors word vas te stel en het 'n verbeterde begrip van die probleem verskaf. Die ondersoek is onderneem deur gebruik te maak van kwalitatiewe metodes wat 'n verkennende benadering moontlik gemaak het wat die effektiewe ontdekking van persepsies, houdings en begrip van die verskynsel wat bestudeer is moontlik gemaak het. Gevolglik het hierdie studie daarop gefokus om te kyk na die standpunte van diegene wat daarvoor relevant is, insluitend hul gedagtes, houdings, motiewe en bedoelings. Die resultate van die ondersoek het aan die lig gebring dat goeie samewerkende bestuur in toerisme deur betrokke belanghebbendes tot landelike gemeenskapsontwikkeling kan bydra. Die studie se resultate het verder aan die lig gebring dat ondersteunende faktore soos betrokkenheid van alle belanghebbendes by besluitneming, wettige en vaardige sameroepers (dorpshoofde), wedersydse vertroue en werk na billike voordele onder die belanghebbendes aan die voorpunt van samewerkende bestuur behoort te wees. Vervolgens beveel die studie 'n toerismesamewerkingsbenadering aan wat gewortel is in deelname van belanghebbendes in besluitneming, saamwerk wat beheer word deur wedersydse vertroue en bestuur wat gefokus is op billike verdeling van voordele wat deur toerisme gegenereer word.Master

What brings you to our humble abode? Tourist motivation for visiting rural destinations: The case of Nqileni village, South Africa

Rural areas, especially in developing countries, have considered using rural tourism to advance economic and social development. Many authors have conducted academic research focusing on tourism to develop rural areas. However, more clarity is needed on what constitutes rural tourism. While several studies have investigated the reasons for rural tourism development, more is needed to understand what attracts visitors to rural areas. This research paper aims to enhance understanding of rural tourism by examining rural tourists' motivations for places such as Nqileni village, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. The authors identified the motivational factors that push tourists to rural areas and the activities that tourists prefer at the destination. Finally, the research determined the tourists' overall satisfaction during their stay at the destination. Numerous research studies have been conducted to investigate the factors influencing the growth of rural tourism, but more is needed to determine what attracts tourists to rural destinations. The study adopted a quantitative research approach, using questionnaires to collect data. The results conclusively show that tourists were motivated to visit the area for relaxation, visit family and relatives, and enjoy a feeling of freedom in the countryside

Evaluation of compliance to the 5 Moments of Hand Hygiene among nurses in Pretoria hospitals

The study was about establishing the baseline compliance on the 5 moments of hand hygiene. The results showed that nurses in the selected hospitals have inadequate compliance to this World Health Organization guideline

Guidelines for the implementation of community service for newly qualified nurses

Community Service is an internship programme for new nurses, which mandates them to work for one year Pre-registration. Literature alludes that new nurses, and professional nurses experience challenges during community service. Lack of guidelines is accounted for challenges experienced. Guidelines are develop for implementation of Community Service

A Critical Review of Environmental Governance, Land Restitution, and Tourism in Protected Areas

Natural areas, when protected, conserve the natural environment and function as social spaces in which tourism brings increased income, employment, and financial support for conservation. The inclusion of local community members in the planning and management of protected areas has been on the rise since the early 1900s. Tourism has been advocated as a strategy that can help in achieving economic development, especially in rural areas. However, governance issues and potential negative impacts of tourism development have been under inspection. Conservation efforts in Southern Africa especially in the late 1800s and early 1900s had negative impacts on the local communities since this led to many communities being displaced or having limited access to these protected areas. This has seen the need for ways and efforts to get local community members' despondency and attitudes towards protected areas change such that in the 20th century, there were efforts to use conservation models that included community members in the decision-making and benefit-sharing process to garner their support for protected areas. This paper reviews literature on environmental governance, land restitution in protected areas, tourism in protected areas, co-management, and the importance of community participation. These concepts are reviewed using Manyeleti Game Reserve as a case study. Keywords: Tourism, land restitution, environmental governance, wildlife resources, and stakeholder participatio

Visitor satisfaction at a local festival: An analysis of the Strawberry festival in George, South Africa

The aim of this research was to assess visitor satisfaction at a local festival since it is crucial for festival management to monitor and evaluate visitor satisfaction in order to understand and identify the needs and perceptions of attendees, which in turn allows organisers to design and tailor the festival elements towards them, leading to higher visitor satisfaction, positive word-of-mouth advertising, and increased likelihood of repeat attendance. The main objective of the research was to evaluate levels of satisfaction of festival attendees based of festival attributes. The study followed a quantitative research methodology using questionnaires as a data collection instrument. Results reveal that all festival attributes items (quality of food, quality of entertainment, cleanliness of restrooms, and availability of parking, waiting times to be served and festival’s overall atmosphere) ranked higher in determining visitor satisfaction. These findings result in direction for management in where to place future resources regarding these festival’s attributes