Microplastics pollution in Indian marine environment: sources, effects and solutions

Microplastic pollution has emerged as a significant environmental challenge globally, posing threats to biodiversity, marine life, and human health. Studies indicate that marine organisms, from plankton to larger fish species, and ultimately humans are ingesting microplastics, leading to physiological harm such as inflammation, digestive blockages, tissue injury, hormonal imbalance, reproductive failure and biomagnification through the food chain. Therefore, there arises an urgent need and demand for implementing effective and sustainable remediation solutions. Though, various mitigation technologies are developed, less information is available on the advantages and disadvantages of the technological advancements. The present review highlights the significant information available on the sources, types, transport of microplastics along with the analytical methods to detect the microplastic pollutions. The global perspective of microplastic pollutions with respect to Indian Marine scenario was highlighted. The recent and advanced mitigation technologies and solutions in preventing, reducing and recycling these microplastic pollutions were also addressed. This review further underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to monitor, manage and mitigate microplastic pollution, including policy interventions, public awareness campaigns, and sustainable waste management practices. Addressing this issue is essential for preserving the health of India’s marine ecosystems and safeguarding the livelihoods of mankind

Applications of Molecular Docking

Computational tools have extended their reach into different realms of scientific research. Often coupled with molecular dynamics simulation, docking provides comprehensive insight into molecular mechanisms of biological processes. Influence of molecular docking is highly experienced in the field of structure based drug discovery, wherein docking is vital in validating novel lead compounds. The significance of molecular docking is also understood in several environmental and industrial research, in order to untangle the interactions among macromolecules of non-medical interest. Various processes such as bioremediation (REMEDIDOCK), nanomaterial interactions (NANODOCK), nutraceutical interactions (NUTRADOCK), fatty acid biosynthesis (FADOCK), and antifoulers interactions (FOULDOCK) find the application of molecular docking. This chapter emphasizes the involvement of computational techniques in the aforementioned fields to expand our knowledge on macromolecular interacting mechanisms.</jats:p

l-Asparaginase from Streptomyces griseus NIOT-VKMA29: optimization of process variables using factorial designs and molecular characterization of l-asparaginase gene

AbstractMarine actinobacteria are known to be a rich source for novel metabolites with diverse biological activities. In this study, a potential extracellular L-asparaginase was characterised from the Streptomyces griseus NIOT-VKMA29. Box-Behnken based optimization was used to determine the culture medium components to enhance the L-asparaginase production. pH, starch, yeast extract and L-asparagine has a direct correlation for enzyme production with a maximum yield of 56.78 IU mL−1. A verification experiment was performed to validate the experiment and more than 99% validity was established. L-Asparaginase biosynthesis gene (ansA) from Streptomyces griseus NIOT-VKMA29 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli M15 and the enzyme production was increased threefold (123 IU mL−1) over the native strain. The ansA gene sequences reported in this study encloses several base substitutions with that of reported sequences in GenBank, resulting in altered amino acid sequences of the translated protein.</jats:p