Methods of Multivariate Analysis to Uncover Socio-Economic Differences Among Spatial-Economics Entities

Main aim of regional policy is to reduce regional disparities. There is now doubt that action to tackle regional disparities is needed in Croatia. Main problem is the definition of region as a subject of regional policy. After discussion about definition of region and main criteria which should be considered during the process of establishment of regions, the paper will present one of the methodologies for spatial-economic entities' classification. The methodology will be used on the working sample of several Croatian counties. The classification will be obtained through use of multivariate statistical methods, and it is based on a wide number of demographic, economic, educations, employment indicators. Results leads to the identification of several axes of socio-economic characterisation, and the division of the observed territory into several homogenous clusters, regions with different degree of development. The main conclusion is that socio-economic reorients uncovered with this methodology provide useful characterisation and division of the territory, for policy making purpose.

Introduction of Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics in Croatia

The paper presents the process of introduction of the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) in Croatia. It will be discussed about all criteria that should be applied during that process of establishment and about constraints that disable reaching optimal solution. First constraint was the EUROSTAT's recommendation that the establishment of the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics should be based on the existing administrative division of the state territory. According to the main criteria (population size) the entire territory of the Republic of Croatia represents NUTS level I, existing counties NUTS level III, and the existing administrative units as municipalities and cities fulfil criteria of the establishment of NUTS IV level regions. As there are no administrative territorial units that correspond to NUTS level II, which is the main framework for the implementation of regional policy and the one competent for the analysis of regional problems and analyses, the most suitable solution is the formation of this level by combining counties. The biggest problem is how to define the NUTS II level. 1.Aggravating circumstance is the fact that in the Republic of Croatia a longer-lasting division in real regional units has never been established, which could serve as the basis for regional development policy. By this fact alone, the division of the territory of the Republic of Croatia in second level statistical units brings with it also a sensitive issue of regionalisation of Croatia and leads to political debates. To this contribute also the fact that the existing monitoring of statistical data on lower levels is not satisfactory, and the problem of data as the basis for quality economic analysis appeared. 2. In Croatia there are neither set regional boundaries nor a clearly defined regional policy. By introducing NUTS it would be possible to establish regional statistics as a basis for the formulation of regional policy. In the remainder the paper discusses main criteria which should be considered during the process of establishment regions as subject of regional policy. It presents how regionalisation depends on the criteria used and how different profession use different criteria. At the end, the final proposal of the Decision on the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics will be presented. Key words: regional policy, regionalisatio

Immigration and the hospitality industry

The purpose of this study is to correlate the research of immigration reform and the potential impact on the hospitality industry. For over a century, numerous debates and policies have been discussed and developed addressing the issue of immigration. The history of immigration policy shows that legislation was passed to address the current concerns for each of the past several decades, but additional changes are constantly needed in order to support the continued growth and changes of the nation. History also shows that some of the laws that were created to control immigration actually initiated larger issues, which led to additional legislation, which left loopholes in the verification process. During the same time frame, the history of the hospitality industry dealt with changes in employment practices in order to comply with the legislation that directed the United States. The hospitality industry has been challenged with finding both skilled and unskilled labor, lowering turnover and making the industry more attractive to potential employees. While facing these employment challenges and changes to immigration policies, the hospitality industry found employment solutions often times through immigrants. With the change in immigrant legislation and employment laws, the industry faced the challenge of not only finding skilled labor, but also ensuring that the employees were legal to work in the United States. One of the more recent forms of legislation that challenges the industry is the implementation of the electronic employment verification system (E-verify). This study will review the implementation of tighter immigrant and employment policies, the continued labor shortage, and the potential cost to the industry

El contacto con manuscritos de autor : Una experiencia estética posible

La idea de este trabajo es poner en la mesa ciertos recorridos que hemos ido trazando como grupo de estudio a partir del contacto con manuscritos de autor: una experiencia visual y a la vez táctil que nos conduce a reflexionar sobre las zonas de presencias y ausencias del Archivo, junto a los modos en que los procesos de escritura ocurren en la intermitencia o el intervalo. Pensamos al Archivo como imagen, suspendida en un tiempo y espacio otro, pintada y con cadencia: como experiencia estética ante todoFil: Rasic, María Eugenia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET); Argentina

Comparative analysis of regional unemployment and RGDP in Croatia and selected transition countries

Most transition economies have experienced a prolonged periods of high unemployment rates and decline of the growth rates at the beginning of transition process. However, after the initial decline in the economic activity, a period of stronger growth rates was recorded in most of the transition countries. Many analyses were done on this initial phase of transition process so we are concentrating on more successful period of transition process. Through the analysis of a regional gross domestic product dynamics in Croatian regions and several other European Union Candidate Countries we are identifying common development patterns in selected countries. Furthermore, since the unemployment is severe problem in most of the transition countries in our sample, and the increasing employment is one of the goals of the European Union, we expect that this issue will receive greater attention in the future. Due to the fact that regional structural developments were not sufficiently analysed, at least not in Croatia, we hope that this comparative study will contribute to the existing literature. Previous studies confirm that the economic growth during the more successful phase of transition was not strong enough to help to clear the labour market in selected countries. But these results are predominately concentrated on the country, and not on the regional level. Therefore, we analyse regional development in order to identify whether there are common patterns in Croatian regions with regions in other transition countries. We also compare our set of indicators with those in the European Union regions, particularly those geographically closer to Croatia. The main obstacle to regional analysis in Croatia is the lack of adequate statistical data. Therefore, first part of our paper consists of generating the relevant indicators. Since the paper is oriented to analysis, we do not focus on methodological problems. We are, however, aware of the limitations imposed on the interpretations of our results due to the fact. Key words: RGDP, unemployment, comparative regional analysis. JEL Classification: R19, J69, R11.

Governance Structures for Local Economic Development in Croatia

Who should take care of local economic development in Croatia? This question seems trivial, however, there are still some open questions. According to current legislation, local economic development is an administrative task of the 21 counties, the current units of regional self-government. On the other hand, the cities and municipalities as units of local self-government regularly get involved in economic development activities, though this is not directly defined in the legislation. There is a contradiction concerning development capacity of cities and counties. Cities attract population and economic activity and are usually stronger than counties in terms of financial and human resources that are necessary for economic development activities. This research will question if the existing administrative-territorial setup and functions of counties in Croatia correspond to the needs of economic growth and development on local level. It is also intended to get some insights from contemporary concepts that derive from trade theory, location theory and economic geography. Governance relations between bigger cities and counties in fostering local economic development in Croatia will be examined. For this purpose, local and regional data will be analyzed and through the discussion on existing governance structures, qualitative insights on the appropriateness of the current situation will be presented. The main goal of this research paper is to find quantitative and qualitative justification for an appropriate governance structure for fostering local economic development in Croatia.

Comparative analysis of regional unemployment and RGDP in Croatia and selected transition countries

Most transition economies have experienced a prolonged periods of high unemployment rates and decline of the growth rates at the beginning of transition process. However, after the initial decline in the economic activity, a period of stronger growth rates was recorded in most of the transition countries. Many analyses were done on this initial phase of transition process so we are concentrating on more successful period of transition process. Through the analysis of a regional gross domestic product dynamics in Croatian regions and several other European Union Candidate Countries we are identifying common development patterns in selected countries. Furthermore, since the unemployment is severe problem in most of the transition countries in our sample, and the increasing employment is one of the goals of the European Union, we expect that this issue will receive greater attention in the future. Due to the fact that regional structural developments were not sufficiently analysed, at least not in Croatia, we hope that this comparative study will contribute to the existing literature. Previous studies confirm that the economic growth during the more successful phase of transition was not strong enough to help to clear the labour market in selected countries. But these results are predominately concentrated on the country, and not on the regional level. Therefore, we analyse regional development in order to identify whether there are common patterns in Croatian regions with regions in other transition countries. We also compare our set of indicators with those in the European Union regions, particularly those geographically closer to Croatia. The main obstacle to regional analysis in Croatia is the lack of adequate statistical data. Therefore, first part of our paper consists of generating the relevant indicators. Since the paper is oriented to analysis, we do not focus on methodological problems. We are, however, aware of the limitations imposed on the interpretations of our results due to the fact. Key words: RGDP, unemployment, comparative regional analysis. JEL Classification: R19, J69, R11

Methods of Multivariate Analysis to Uncover Socio-Economic Differences Among Spatial-Economics Entities

Main aim of regional policy is to reduce regional disparities. There is now doubt that action to tackle regional disparities is needed in Croatia. Main problem is the definition of region as a subject of regional policy. After discussion about definition of region and main criteria which should be considered during the process of establishment of regions, the paper will present one of the methodologies for spatial-economic entities' classification. The methodology will be used on the working sample of several Croatian counties. The classification will be obtained through use of multivariate statistical methods, and it is based on a wide number of demographic, economic, educations, employment indicators. Results leads to the identification of several axes of socio-economic characterisation, and the division of the observed territory into several homogenous clusters, regions with different degree of development. The main conclusion is that socio-economic reorients uncovered with this methodology provide useful characterisation and division of the territory, for policy making purpose

Percibir la sombra. Un álbum para el Archivo Digital Manuel Puig

En este artículo se procura dar cuenta de un trabajo colectivo en proceso con un archivo de autor, más específicamente, con las imágenes digitales del archivo del escritor argentino Manuel Puig. Se indaga sobre las siguientes cuestiones: ¿Qué ocurre cuando un archivo se abre?, ¿qué otras imágenes de autor y otras zonas de escritura asoman?, ¿qué implica trabajar con imágenes archivísticas literarias?, ¿cómo se mira un archivo?, ¿cuál es la responsabilidad ética de mostrarlo? Las reflexiones sobre estas preguntas, que continúan constantemente en ese estado interrogativo, dieron lugar al proyecto, también colectivo, de elaborar un álbum para el Archivo Puig: un objeto libro que pone a disposición del lector y espectador un nuevo modo de recorrer el Archivo Puig. Con él se busca atravesar de forma novedosa el espesor de los años en el que esas imágenes han sobrevivido a pesar de las lecturas tradicionales de la obra de Puig ?las cuales tienden a estratificar otras?, a pesar del paso del tiempo, a pesar del encierro. Hoy, a veinte años de los comienzos de organización del Archivo Manuel Puig, esas imágenes hacen fuerza y pujan para mostrar lo que aquí llamamos otros rostros del autor y su obra.Fil: Cabrera, Delfina Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Rasic, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; Argentin