Analytic Amplitudes for Hadronic Forward Scattering : COMPETE Update

We consider several classes of analytic parametrizations of hadronic scattering amplitudes, and compare their predictions to all available forward data in hadron-hadron, gamma-p and gamma-gamma reactions. Although these parametrizations are very close for SQRTs larger than 9 GeV, it turns out that they differ markedly at low energy, where a universal Pomeron term like ln**2 s enables one to extend the fit down to SQRTs equal to 4 GeV. We present predictions on the total cross sections and on the ratio of the real part to the imaginary part of the elastic amplitude (RHO parameter) for present and future pp and antipp colliders, and on total cross sections for gamma-p into hadrons at cosmic-ray energies and for gamma-gamma into hadrons up to SQRTs equal to 1 TeV.Comment: 3 pages, 3 tables. To be published in the Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP 2002), Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 24-31 July 200

Forward observables at RHIC, the Tevatron run II and the LHC

We present predictions on the total cross sections and on the ratio of the real part to the imaginary part of the elastic amplitude (rho parameter) for present and future pp and pbar p colliders, and on total cross sections for gamma p -> hadrons at cosmic-ray energies and for gamma gamma -> hadrons up to sqrt(s)=1 TeV. These predictions are based on a study of many possible analytic parametrisations and invoke the current hadronic dataset at t=0. The uncertainties on total cross sections, including the systematic theoretical errors, reach 1% at RHIC, 3% at the Tevatron, and 10% at the LHC, whereas those on the rho parameter are respectively 10%, 17%, and 26%.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX, presented at the Second International "Cetraro" Workshop & NATO Advanced Research Workshop "Diffraction 2002", Alushta, Crimea, Ukraine, August 31 - September 6, 200

Benchmarks for the Forward Observables at RHIC, the Tevatron-run II and the LHC

We present predictions on the total cross sections and on the ratio of the real part to the imaginary part of the elastic amplitude (rho parameter) for present and future pp and pbar p colliders, and on total cross sections for gamma p -> hadrons at cosmic-ray energies and for gamma gamma-> hadrons up to sqrt{s}=1 TeV. These predictions are based on an extensive study of possible analytic parametrisations invoking the biggest hadronic dataset available at t=0. The uncertainties on total cross sections, including the systematic errors due to contradictory data points from FNAL, can reach 1.9% at RHIC, 3.1% at the Tevatron, and 4.8% at the LHC, whereas those on the rho parameter are respectively 5.4%, 5.2%, and 5.4%.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables, RevTeX

P-P Total Cross Sections at VHE from Accelerator Data

Comparison of P-P total cross-sections estimations at very high energies - from accelerators and cosmic rays - shows a disagreement amounting to more than 10 %, a discrepancy which is beyond statistical errors. Here we use a phenomenological model based on the Multiple-Diffraction approach to successfully describe data at accelerator energies. The predictions of the model are compared with data On the basis of regression analysis we determine confident error bands, analyzing the sensitivity of our predictions to the employed data for extrapolation. : using data at 546 and 1.8 TeV, our extrapolations for p-p total cross-sections are only compatible with the Akeno cosmic ray data, predicting a slower rise with energy than other cosmic ray results and other extrapolation methods. We discuss our results within the context of constraints in the light of future accelerator and cosmic ray experimental results.Comment: 26 pages aqnd 11 figure

Calorimetry at the CMD-3 Detector

The general purpose detector CMD-3 has been collecting data since 2010 in an energy range 0.32–2 GeV at the e+e- collider VEPP-2000 at the Budeker Institute of Nuclear Physics. The detector physics program includes the study of the e+e- annihilation into hadrons. To supply high registration efficiency for neutral particles the CMD-3 has an electromagnetic calorimeter consisted of three subsystems: BGO endcap calorimeter and barrel one with an inner part based on LXe and outer on CsI crystals. The main parameters of calorimeters, cluster reconstruction and calibration procedures with performance results are described

Журнал «Современник» о железной дороге (социально-экономический анализ)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the poetic works of the Russian authors of the middle 19th century, who published in Sovremennik [The Contemporary; the literary and socio-political magazine founded in 1836] and extensiv ely reviewed the topic of construction of railways in the Russian Empire. Citing selected fragments of works of A. S. Pushkin, N. A. Nekrasov, N. A. Dobrolyubov, A. A. Fet, Ya. P. Polonsky, helps to present the socio-economic analysis of the problems associated with construction of first railways in Russia, as they were seen by Sovremennik authors. The conclusion is made that Sovremennik authors regarded the topic of construction and operation of railways as one of the most socially significant and promising. Editorial note. Instead of a review of a scientific or educational edition traditionally suggested under that heading we publish the original analysis of the works of Russian writers and poets of 19th century made from the point of view of the history of transport and particularly of socio-economic aspects of its development. The publication might confirm the importance of transport industry, that enjoyed widespread attention two centuries ago, as it does it nowadays.Статья посвящена анализу поэтических произведений авторов середины XIX века, публиковавшихся в литературном и общественно-политическом журнале «Современник» и масштабно осветивших тему сооружения железных дорог в Российской Империи. Процитированы избранные места из произведений таких авторов, как А. С. Пушкин, Н. А. Некрасов, Н. А. Добролюбов, А. А. Фет, Я. П. Полонский. Показан содержащийся в произведениях авторов социально-экономический анализ проблем, связанных с сооружением в России первых железных дорог. Сделан вывод о заинтересованности авторского коллектива журнала «Современник» темой сооружения и эксплуатации железных дорог как одной из наиболее общественно значимой и перспективной. От редакции. Вместо традиционной для данного раздела рецензии на научно-технические или учебные издания читателям предлагается оригинальный анализ творчества писателей и поэтов XIX века под углом зрения истории транспорта и, в частности, социально-экономических аспектов его развития. Надеемся, что материал даст, в том числе, возможность убедиться, насколько важна деятельность транспорта, какое внимание самых широких кругов общества она способна привлечь, как два века тому назад, так и сейчас

История развития сухопутной транспортной инфраструктуры: техническая база и экономические аспекты. Часть 2

The second part of the article (the first of which was published in the last issue of the journal) analyses the history of emergence of the rail track, as well as evolution of the railway-track substructure, including a review of the materials used for this.A separate section is devoted to evolution of railways in Russia.Brief conclusions are made regarding the importance of the historical and economic aspects of development of inland transport infrastructure.The importance of considering this issue is quite high when conducting comprehensive research intended to get economic assessment and forecast the strategic development of transport infrastructure.Во второй части статьи (первая была опубликована в прошлом номере журнала) анализируется история появления рельсового пути, а также эволюция подрельсового основания железных дорог, включая обзор использовавшихся для этого материалов.Отдельный раздел посвящён становлению железных дорог в России.Делаются краткие выводы в отношении важности историко-экономического аспекта развития сухопутной транспортной инфраструктуры.Значимость рассмотрения данного вопроса высока при ведении комплексных исследований в целях экономической оценки и прогнозирования стратегического развития транспортной инфраструктуры на современном этапе

История развития сухопутной транспортной инфраструктуры: техническая база и экономические аспекты. Часть 1

The article, consisting of two parts, studies historical and economic aspects, physical infrastructure and technological basis of emergence, formation, and evolutionary development of inland transport infrastructure. In contrast to water and air transport, land transport, due to its linkage to a certain territory, developed in a very restrained and nonlinear manner. Its infrastructure, represented by the simplest paths and roads, of course, played a certain economic role, but until 18th–19th centuries was not considered as the basis for regular advance and exchange of goods. In different parts of the world, the infrastructure of land transport developed differently which was largely due to the prevailing socio-economic institutions. For many centuries, the technical condition of the inland transport infrastructure and its economic importance have not undergone any significant changes. Therefore, the end of the medieval era and a significant breakthrough in development of land transport are interdependent processes. The emergence of an era of economic growth, including development of international trade and an increase in social welfare, would not have been possible without a wellfunctioning land transport system. Nevertheless, land transport until the beginning of 19th century was not associated with a reliable, fast, and regular medium of exchange and travel. Only with the advent of railways the situation changed radically. Paved roads were also developing. From this moment land transport and its infrastructure has become the basis of the dynamic economic activity of society.В статье, состоящей из двух частей, анализируется историко-экономический аспект и технико-технологическая основа возникновения, становления и эволюционного развития сухопутной транспортной инфраструктуры. В отличие от водного и воздушного, наземный транспорт, ввиду своей территориальной привязанности, развивался очень сдержано и нелинейно. Его инфраструктура, представленная простейшими тропами и дорогами, конечно, играла определённую экономическую роль, но до XVIII–XIX вв. не рассматривалась как основа регулярного продвижения и товарного обмена. При этом в различных частях света инфраструктура сухопутного транспорта формировалась по-разному, что во многом обусловлено сложившимися социально-экономическими институтами.На протяжении многих веков техническое состояние сухопутной транспортной инфраструктуры и её экономическое значение не претерпевали особых изменений.Поэтому окончание средневековой эпохи и значительный рывок в развитии сухопутного транспорта – взаимообуславливающие процессы. Зарождение эпохи экономического роста, включающего развитие международной торговли и увеличение общественного благосостояния, было бы невозможно без отлаженной транспортной системы на суше. Тем не менее, сухопутный транспорт до начала XIX в. не ассоциировался с надёжным, быстрым и регулярным средством обмена и перемещения. Только с появлением железных дорог ситуация изменилась коренным образом. При этом параллельно происходило развитие дорог с твёрдым покрытием. Именно с этого момента времени сухопутный транспорт и его инфраструктура стали основой активной экономической деятельности общества

On the Ethnocultural Ratio of Settlements of the Scythian and Sarmatian Eras in the Don Forest-Steppe Region (Results of Comparison of Ceramic Complexes)

Introduction. The article compares the stucco clay pottery of kitchen use from settlements of the 5th – 3rd centuries BC and 1th – 3rd centuries AD, located in the forest-steppe part of the Don River basin. This is the first time such a study has been conducted to determine possible connections between societies from different periods. Methods. The analyzed sample includes 107 and 33 pot-shaped vessels. A computerized comparison of their scaling to the unified height of the profiles has been carried out; the similarity ratios of forms were determined. Petrographic data on the molding masses of 40 ceramic samples originating from the settlement of the Scythian and Sarmatian period near the village of Verhneye Kazachye were also compared. Analysis. It was established that 19 pots from the beginning of AD (58 % of those considered) have close analogies among 33 vessels of the Scythian period (31 %). The similarity coefficients of both range from 95 to 97 %. Most of the remaining pots are characterized by slightly lower coefficients. Multicomponent formulations of the molding mass composition were used in the production of both groups of ceramics. Two of them had similar compositions of artificial impurities, while five had different ones. Results. A comparative analysis of morphological and technological parameters showed a close connection between ceramic complexes of different periods. Pottery products of the Sarmatian time, in the vast majority of cases, were made in compliance with traditional proportions and based on ancient profiling technology. Existing archaeological evidence suggests that the transfer of ceramic production traditions was provided by groups of settled populations that lived in the Don forest-steppe region during the two or three centuries separating the eras