Development of Coat Protein Mediated Transgenic Resistance in Groundnut to Peanut Stem Necrosis Virus

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Construction of a Device for Obstacle Detection

Road accidents are pervasive and prove to be fatal. The presented paper deals with the construction and working of a device for obstacle detection. Obstacle detection is a mechanism used for the identification of any obstruction that may hinder the way of the vehicle. It can improve mobility as well as the safety of people who drive on roads. The proposed system automatically turns left or right on detecting obstacles using ultrasonic sensors &amp; an Arduino. The primary focus is to make the vehicle secure and to ensure the safety of the driver. The project initiated based on a case study done by gathering information from community partners and bus drivers of Chitkara University, Punjab, India.</jats:p

Clinical relevance of comprehensive genomic profiling for advanced cancers in India.

e18718 Background: Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) assay, a next-generation sequencing (NGS) based technique generates a large amount of genomic information about a cancer. While CGP is increasingly used in low-middle income countries (LMIC), little is known about the extent to which these benefits patients. Here we describe the proportion of patients with advanced cancer in India who eventually receive targeted therapy for an actionable genetic alteration identified on CGP assays. Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study in adult patients with advanced non-hematological malignancies who underwent a CGP test. We excluded patients who were identified to have a genetic alteration that has a well-validated targeted standard-of-care therapy (e.g.; EGFR exon 18, 19, 21 mutations for lung cancer, HER2 amplification for breast cancer). Participating oncologists provided anonymized information of consecutive CGP test reports through an online data capture form. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the proportion of patients with subsequent targeted therapy. Results: During 2019-20, 12 medical oncologists provided CGP reports for 297 patients; 235 met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen different testing panels were used by the oncologists. Among the study cohort, 45% were male. Eighty nine percent underwent tumor tissue biopsy and 11% had liquid biopsy. The most common cancers were lung (19%), breast (18%), pancreatobiliary (9%) and colorectal (6%). Patients received a median of 2 lines (range: 0-5) of prior systemic therapy. Based on the CGP assay, 35 patients (15%) received targeted therapy. Among them, 29% was for HER2 amplification (non-breast cancer), 26% for PIK3CA mutation, 11% for HER2 or EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation (lung cancer), 5% each for BRAF mutation (non-melanoma), EGFR mutation (non-lung cancer) and MET mutation. Conclusions: In a LMIC setting, 15% patients received a targeted therapy based on CGP assay. This is comparable to reports from high income countries. Considering the limited access to new drugs and clinical trials, this finding requires further analysis. </jats:p

Clinical Benefit of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling for Advanced Cancers in India

PURPOSE Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) assay is increasingly used in low-middle–income countries to detect clinically relevant genomic alterations despite its clinical benefits not being well known. Here, we describe the proportion of patients with advanced cancer in India who received targeted therapy for an actionable genetic alteration identified on CGP assays. METHODS This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study in adult patients with advanced nonhematologic malignancies who underwent a CGP test. If patients received a targeted therapy for ≥ 6 months, they were considered to have obtained a clinical benefit from the medication, whereas those continuing for ≥ 12 months were considered to have attained an exceptional response. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the proportion of patients with subsequent targeted therapy. RESULTS During 2019-2020, 12 medical oncologists provided CGP reports for 297 patients; 221 met the inclusion criteria. Patients received a median of two lines (range: 0-5) of prior systemic therapy. On the basis of the CGP assay, 21 patients (10%) received targeted therapy. Among them, 33% was for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification (nonbreast cancer) and 19% for HER2 or epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 insertion mutation (lung cancer). After excluding patients with HER2 or epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 insertions, 8% of 217 patients received targeted therapy. In the overall cohort of 221 patients, clinical benefit was seen in nine patients (4%), of whom two were exceptional responders (1%). CONCLUSION We observed that in a low-middle–income country setting, 10% of patients received targeted therapy on the basis of CGP assay. Only 4% of patients who underwent CGP testing obtained a clinical benefit. </jats:sec