Paleoseismologic advances in the Granada basin (Betic Cordilleras, southern Spain)

The Betic Cordilleras in southern Spain have experienced a number of moderate to strong seismic events during the last 2000 years of reported historical earthquakes. These earthquakes are distributed along the southern margin of Spain from Cádiz to Alicante, and offshore in the Alborán sea, reaching the island of Mallorca. Pliocene to Holocene alluvial and colluvial sediments in Neogene basins and adjacent smaller basins in the Betic Cordilleras display a broad range of faults and structures presumably related to coseismic surface deformation. A number of historical earthquakes capable of producing surface ruptures are presented. This study is focussed on reported ruptures and fault scarps, e.g., those of the Christmas event of 1884 (M 6.5-7) near Ventas de Zafarraya, in the southwestern and northeastern parts of the Granada basin. Displaced and buried paleosols and colluvial wedges in the hanging wall suggest multiple fault reactivation. AMS 14C-dating indicates at least three strong events along the Ventas de Zafarraya fault during the last 9 ka. Active faults, and hence seismogenic deformation, are distributed in the Betics, which considerably hinders the calculation of recurrence rates of strong earthquakes along discrete faults. The maximum expectable events for the study area are in the order of M 7.Se tiene registro histórico de que las Cordilleras Béticas, en el sur de España, han experimentado varios eventos sísmicos moderados a fuertes durante los últimos 2000 años. Estos terremotos se distribu yen a lo largo del margen meridional de España, desde Cádiz hasta Alicante, en el mar de Alborán, y continuan hasta la isla de Mallorca. Ciertos depósitos coluviales y aluviales, de edad pliocena a holocena, de las cuencas neógenas de las Cordilleras Béticas presentan un amplio rango de fallas y estructuras relacionadas, presumiblemente, con la deformación cosísmica de la superficie. Se presentan varios terremotos históricos capaces de producir rupturas de la superficie. Este estudio se centra en las rupturas y escarpes de falla descritos en las partes suroccidental y nororiental de la cuenca de Granada, como por ejemplo, los del terremoto de Navidad de 1884 (M 6,5-7) cerca de Ventas de Zafarraya. Paleosuelos enterrados y desplazados, así como cuñas coluviales en el bloque superior sugieren una reactivación múltiple de la falla. Las dataciones realizadas (AMS 1 4C) indican que durante los últimos 9 ka se han producido al menos tres eventos fuertes a lo largo de la falla de Ventas de Zafarraya. Las fallas activas, y por consiguiente la deformación sismogénica, están ampliamente distribuidas en las Béticas, hecho que dificulta considerablemente el cálculo de los períodos de recurrencia de los terremotos fuertes producidos por fallas discretas. Los máximos eventos esperables en la región estudiada son del orden de M 7

Fundamentals of crude oil and natural gas processing

This training manual includes term project methodical guide on the course "Fundamentals of crude oil and natural gas processing" in English. The main purpose of the training manual is to provide students the theoretical and methodological assistance at performance the term project on the course "Fundamentals of crude oil and natural gas processing". The manual contains the initial data and reference material needed to perform the calculations. The manual is intended for the students of speciality 6.050304 "Oil and gas production" in English

Real-time optical micro-manipulation using optimized holograms generated on the GPU

Holographic optical tweezers allow the three dimensional, dynamic, multipoint manipulation of micron sized dielectric objects. Exploiting the massive parallel architecture of modern GPUs we can generate highly optimized holograms at video frame rate allowing the interactive micro-manipulation of 3D structures.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure

ДВОРЯНСЬКИЙ РІД БАНТИШІВ В ІСТОРІЇ КАТЕРИНОСЛАВЩИНИ

Встатті простежується історія молдавського боярського роду Бантиш від початкуXVIII ст. – до початкуХХ ст.The history ofMoldavian noble family Bantish from beginning XVIII c. to beginning XX c. is observed in this articl

Optically controlled grippers for manipulating micron-sized particles

We report the development of a joystick controlled gripper for the real-time manipulation of micron-sized objects, driven using holographic optical tweezers (HOTs). The gripper consists of an arrangement of four silica beads, located in optical traps, which can be positioned and scaled in order to trap an object indirectly. The joystick can be used to grasp, move (lateral or axial), and change the orientation of the target object. The ability to trap objects indirectly allows us to demonstrate the manipulation of a strongly scattering micron-sized metallic particle

Western Mediterranean climate and environment since Marine Isotope Stage 3: a 50,000-year record from Lake Banyoles, Spain

We present new stable isotope (δ¹⁸Ocalcite and δ¹³ Ccalcite) and diatom data from a 67-m sediment core (BAN II) from Lake Banyoles, northeastern Spain. We reassessed the chronology of the sequence by correlating stable isotope data with a shorter U-series-dated record from the lake, confirming a sedimentological offset between the two cores and demonstrating that BAN II spans Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. Through comparison with previous records, the multi-proxy data are used to improve understanding of palaeolimnological dynamics and, by inference, western Mediterranean climate and environmental change during the past ca. 50,000 years. Three main zones, defined by isotope and diatom data, correspond to the MIS. The basal zone (MIS 3) is characterised by fluctuating δ¹⁸Ocalcite and benthic diatom abundance, indicating a high degree of environmental and climate variability, concomitant with large lake-level changes. During the full glacial (MIS 2), relatively constant δ¹⁸Ocalcite and a poorly preserved planktonic-dominated diatom assemblage suggest stability, and intermittently, unusually high lake level. In MIS 1, δ¹⁸Ocalcite and δ¹³Ccalcite initially transition to lower values, recording a pattern of Late Glacial to Holocene change that is similar to other Mediterranean records. This study suggests that Lake Banyoles responds limnologically to changes in the North Atlantic ocean–atmosphere system and provides an important dataset from the Iberian Peninsula, a region in need of longer-term records that can be used to correlate between marine and terrestrial archives, and between the western and eastern Mediterranean

Colloidal hydrodynamic coupling in concentric optical vortices

Optical vortex traps created from helical modes of light can drive fluid-borne colloidal particles in circular trajectories. Concentric circulating rings of particles formed by coaxial optical vortices form a microscopic Couette cell, in which the amount of hydrodynamic drag experienced by the spheres depends on the relative sense of the rings' circulation. Tracking the particles' motions makes possible measurements of the hydrodynamic coupling between the circular particle trains and addresses recently proposed hydrodynamic instabilities for collective colloidal motions on optical vortices.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Europhysics Letter