Revisitaciones, huidas y desbordes en la novela argentina contemporánea. 16H302

El proyecto se propuso abordar distintas estrategias narrativas y novelísticas a partir de conceptos relacionados con las investigaciones que los integrantes del equipo están llevando a cabo, tales como realismo, márgenes, hibridez genérica. Habría en la novela contemporánea una suerte de desborde, idea que surge a raíz de percibir una disolución del género que viene desde muy antiguo y que sigue activa. El proyecto pretende asimismo delimitar las nociones de real y realidad para volverlos funcionales al trabajo a realizar y a la vez indagar sobre las relaciones entre los mismos y el denso concepto de realismo. Por otro lado se intenta evidenciar las relaciones entre la hibridez y la contaminación con la nombrada disolución. Las problemáticas del realismo en la novela se investigarán a la luz de la escritura y sus nexos con lo referencial. En ella se rastrearán las ascendencias de disolución del género novela, dado que los autores ya trabajan en un marco desbordado, un marco que se instaló hace casi un siglo y ha seguido proliferando en linajes variados hasta el siglo XXI. Se trata trabajar categorías que permitan una permanente revisitación del concepto y por eso mismo, un enriquecimiento de métodos, abordajes y lecturas. Las marginalidades y los márgenes son conceptos muy presentes en las investigaciones individuales de los participantes de este proyecto (de la marginalidad social presente en las historias narradas al margen físico de los libros como espacio significante.) El margen es un anclaje concreto desde el cual poner en acto el punto de partida. Por tal motivo se intentarán definiciones puntuales para los recorridos y los trabajos de cada uno, que luego podrán relacionarse en artefactos teórico-críticos productivos

Un mundo escrito: Construcción de un espacio virtual-institucional para archivos de escritores de Misiones. 16H346

Este proyecto es continuación de proyectos de crítica genética que se llevaron a cabo, o están en marcha en la Secretaría de Investigación de la Facultad de Humanidades de la UNaM, que tienen como objeto manuscritos de la literatura provincial. La labor de este proyecto implica una red de acuerdos teóricos, críticos y metodológicos iniciales, un rastreo e identificación de documentos en la región y la tramitación de préstamos ante poseedores actuales de los manuscritos a la que se suma lo interdisciplinario con el diálogo entre la crítica genética y la ciencia de la computación. A la luz de este diálogo el proyecto se propone en esta primera etapa promover tres acciones: a) desarrollar un sitio virtual-institucional que facilite el acceso en línea a archivos de escritores regionales que se vienen estudiando en la UNaM. b) hacer un relevamiento de los archivos de manuscritos que en la actualidad se encuentran diseminados, invisibles a las investigaciones para, en ese gesto, recuperarlos e incentivar su estudio. c) diseñar y construir una base de datos y un repositorio digital de manuscritos, utilizando para esta tarea software Open Source. d) sentar las bases para un estudio sobre la factibilidad de implementar un proceso de Text Mining que automatice la recuperación de información relevante, categorice los documentos y los agrupe de acuerdo a características comunes. e) Afianzar lazos institucionales con otros proyectos existentes en Argentina (UNLP), Francia (CRLA-Archivos), Bélgica (UCLovaina), España ( Universidad de Castilla La Mancha) y con UNNE y la UNLa con quien ya tenemos un convenio de colaboración en Minería de datos

Experimental and modelling study of fatigue crack initiation in an aluminium beam with a hole under 4-point bending

Slip band formation and crack initiation during cyclic fatigue were investigated by in-situ experiments and non-local CPFEM simulations systematically. Experimental techniques including EBSD, digital image correlation (DIC) and SEM have been used to obtain consistent grain orientations, local strains, as well as the locations where slip bands and micro-cracks form on the sample surface. The realistic microstructure based on the EBSD map has been generated and used for finite element modelling. An advanced non-local crystal plasticity model, which considers the isotropic and kinematic hardening of the plastic strain gradient, has been adopted. The simulation results match well the corresponding experimental results. It was found that total strain and averaged slip on all slip systems, combined with accumulated slip on specific slip planes help predict the location and orientation of slip bands and micro-crack initiation correctly. Furthermore, a fatigue indicating parameter based on competition between maximum slip and the total slip has been proposed to reproduce the experimental observations

Fatigue crack nucleation in metallic materials

The process of fatigue crack nucleation in metallic materials is reviewed placing emphasis in results derived for pure FCC metals with wavy slip behavior. The relationship between Persistent Slip Bands (PSB`s) and crack initiation will be examined for both single crystals and polycrystals, including the conditions for inter- and transgranular crack nucleation and their connection to type of loading, crystallography and slip geometry. The latter has been found to be an important parameter in the nucleation of intergranular cracks in polycrystals subjected to high strain fatigue, whereby primary slip bands with long slip lengths impinging on a grain boundary produce intergranular crack nucleation under the right conditions. Recent results related to intergranular crack nucleation in copper bicrystals and crack nucleation in Cu/Sapphire interfaces indicate that this mechanism controls crack nucleation in those simpler systems as well. Furthermore, it is found that under multiple slip conditions the crack nucleation location is controlled by the presence of local single slip conditions and long slip lengths for a particular Burgers vector that does not have to be in the primary slip system

The Evolution of Compact Binary Star Systems

We review the formation and evolution of compact binary stars consisting of white dwarfs (WDs), neutron stars (NSs), and black holes (BHs). Binary NSs and BHs are thought to be the primary astrophysical sources of gravitational waves (GWs) within the frequency band of ground-based detectors, while compact binaries of WDs are important sources of GWs at lower frequencies to be covered by space interferometers (LISA). Major uncertainties in the current understanding of properties of NSs and BHs most relevant to the GW studies are discussed, including the treatment of the natal kicks which compact stellar remnants acquire during the core collapse of massive stars and the common envelope phase of binary evolution. We discuss the coalescence rates of binary NSs and BHs and prospects for their detections, the formation and evolution of binary WDs and their observational manifestations. Special attention is given to AM CVn-stars -- compact binaries in which the Roche lobe is filled by another WD or a low-mass partially degenerate helium-star, as these stars are thought to be the best LISA verification binary GW sources.Comment: 105 pages, 18 figure

A Case of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Caused by Escherichia coli O104:H4

A 29-year-old woman presented with bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure. She was diagnosed with Escherichia coli O104:H4-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) and treated with plasmapheresis and hemodialysis for 3 weeks. She recovered without sequelae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Escherichia coli O104:H4-associated HUS in Korea. We recommend that Escherichia coli O104:H4, as well as the more common O157:H7, be considered in the diagnosis of bloody diarrhea-associated HUS

Role of Nitric Oxide in Shiga Toxin-2-Induced Premature Delivery of Dead Fetuses in Rats

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections could be one of the causes of fetal morbimortality in pregnant women. The main virulence factors of STEC are Shiga toxin type 1 and/or 2 (Stx1, Stx2). We previously reported that intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of rats in the late stage of pregnancy with culture supernatant from recombinant E. coli expressing Stx2 and containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces premature delivery of dead fetuses. It has been reported that LPS may combine with Stx2 to facilitate vascular injury, which may in turn lead to an overproduction of nitric oxide (NO). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether NO is involved in the effects of Stx2 on pregnancy. Pregnant rats were i.p. injected with culture supernatant from recombinant E. coli containing Stx2 and LPS (sStx2) on day 15 of gestation. In addition, some rats were injected with aminoguanidine (AG), an inducible isoform inhibitor of NO synthase (iNOS), 24 h before and 4 h after sStx2 injection. NO production was measured by NOS activity and iNOS expression by Western blot analysis. A significant increase in NO production and a high iNOS expression was observed in placental tissues from rats injected with sStx2 containing 0.7 ng and 2 ng Stx2/g body weight and killed 12 h after injection. AG caused a significant reduction of sStx2 effects on the feto-maternal unit, but did not prevent premature delivery. Placental tissues from rats treated with AG and sStx2 presented normal histology that was indistinguishable from the controls. Our results reveal that Stx2-induced placental damage and fetus mortality is mediated by an increase in NO production and that AG is able to completely reverse the Stx2 damages in placental tissues, but not to prevent premature delivery, thus suggesting other mechanisms not yet determined could be involved

Comorbidity as a prognostic variable in multiple myeloma: comparative evaluation of common comorbidity scores and use of a novel MM–comorbidity score

Comorbidities have been demonstrated to affect progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), although their impact in multiple myeloma (MM) patients is as yet unsettled. We (1) assessed various comorbidities, (2) compared established comorbidity indices (CIs; Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), hematopoietic cell transplantation-specific comorbidity index (HCT-CI)), Kaplan Feinstein (KF) and Satariano index (SI) and (3) developed a MM-CI (Freiburger comorbidity index, FCI) in 127 MM patients. Univariate analysis determined moderate or severe pulmonary disease (hazard ratio (HR): 3.5, P<0.0001), renal impairment (via estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); HR: 3.4, P=0.0018), decreased Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS, HR: 2.7, P=0.0004) and age (HR: 2, P=0.0114) as most important variables for diminished OS. Through multivariate analysis, the eGFR ⩽30 ml/min/1.73m2, impaired lung function and KPS ⩽70% were significant for decreased OS, with HRs of 2.9, 2.8 and 2.2, respectively. Combination of these risk factors within the FCI identified significantly different median OS rates of 118, 53 and 25 months with 0, 1 and 2 or 3 risk factors, respectively, (P<0.005). In light of our study, comorbidities are critical prognostic determinants for diminished PFS and OS. Moreover, comorbidity scores are important treatment decision tools and will be valuable to implement into future analyses and clinical trials in MM