Pengaruh sertifikat Bank Indonesia Syariah (BSIS), produk domestik bruto, (PDM), nilai tukar rupiah terhadap nilai aktiva bersih (NAB) reksa dana syariah di Indonesia Periode 2012-2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris . Bagaimana pengaruh SBIS , PDB , dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah terhadap Nilai Aktiva (NAB) Reksa dana Syariah di Indonesia .Peneliti ini menggunakan data time series tahun 2012-2019 dengan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dan menggunakan data sekunder.Teknik analisis data yg digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif, analisis regresi linear berganda dan uji hipotesis.Pengolahan data menggunakan SPSS 22 . Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial SBIS berpengaruh Negatif dan signifikan terhadap Nilai Aktiva Bersih (NAB) Reksa dana Syariah dengan nilai thitung sebesar -2,132 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,042 lalu secara parsial PDB berpengaruh Positif dan signifikan terhadap NAB dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 8.545 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000, dan secara parsial nilai tukar rupiah tidak berpengaruh Negatif terhadap nilai aktiva bersih (NAB) Reksadana Syariah dengan nilai t hitung sebesar -1,162 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,255, secara simultan SBIS,PDB, dan Nilai tukar rupiah berpengaruh terhadap nilai aktiva bersih (NAB) reksa dana syariah di Indonesia sebesar 87,6% dan 12,4% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak disertakan dalam penelitian in

Endothelial Dysfunction in Human Essential Hypertension

Although the endothelium has a number of important functions, the term endothelial dysfunction is commonly used to describe impairment in its vasodilatory capacity. It is increasingly recognized that this is related to hypertension, although whether it predates essential hypertension or is a consequence of it is still unknown. In this review, we explore the mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertension, its prognostic significance and methods of pharmacological reversal

Towards the prevention of acute lung injury: a population based cohort study protocol

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Acute lung injury (ALI) is an example of a critical care syndrome with limited treatment options once the condition is fully established. Despite improved understanding of pathophysiology of ALI, the clinical impact has been limited to improvements in supportive treatment. On the other hand, little has been done on the prevention of ALI. Olmsted County, MN, geographically isolated from other urban areas offers the opportunity to study clinical pathogenesis of ALI in a search for potential prevention targets.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>In this population-based observational cohort study, the investigators identify patients at high risk of ALI using the prediction model applied within the first six hours of hospital admission. Using a validated system-wide electronic surveillance, Olmsted County patients at risk are followed until ALI, death or hospital discharge. Detailed in-hospital (second hit) exposures and meaningful short and long term outcomes (quality-adjusted survival) are compared between ALI cases and high risk controls matched by age, gender and probability of developing ALI. Time sensitive biospecimens are collected for collaborative research studies. Nested case control comparison of 500 patients who developed ALI with 500 matched controls will provide an adequate power to determine significant differences in common hospital exposures and outcomes between the two groups.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This population-based observational cohort study will identify patients at high risk early in the course of disease, the burden of ALI in the community, and the potential targets for future prevention trials.</p

Assessment of Vascular Dysfunction in Patients Without Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: Why, How, and When.

Ischemic heart disease secondary to coronary vascular dysfunction causes angina and impairs quality of life and prognosis. About one-half of patients with symptoms and signs of ischemia turn out not to have obstructive coronary artery disease, and coronary vascular dysfunction may be relevant. Adjunctive tests of coronary vasomotion include guidewire-based techniques with adenosine and reactivity testing, typically by intracoronary infusion of acetylcholine. The CorMicA (Coronary Microvascular Angina) trial provided evidence that routine management guided by an interventional diagnostic procedure and stratified therapy improves angina and quality of life in patients with angina but no obstructive coronary artery disease. In this paper, the COVADIS study group provide a comprehensive review of why, how, and when coronary vascular dysfunction should be assessed invasively. They discuss the rationale through a shared understanding of vascular pathophysiology and clinical evidence. They propose a consensus approach to how an interventional diagnostic procedure is performed with focus on practical aspects. Finally, the authors discuss the clinical scenarios in patients with stable and acute coronary syndromes in which measurement of coronary vascular function may be helpful for patient care

Coronary endothelial function testing provides superior discrimination compared with standard clinical risk scoring in prediction of cardiovascular events

BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction is regarded as the early stage of atherosclerosis and is associated with cardiovascular (CV) events. This study was designed to determine whether assessment of coronary endothelial function (CEF) is safe and can reclassify risk in patients with early coronary artery disease beyond the Framingham risk score (FRS). METHODS AND RESULTS CEF was evaluated using intracoronary acetylcholine in 470 patients who presented with chest pain and nonobstructive coronary artery disease. CV events were assessed after a median follow-up of 9.7 years. The association between CEF and CV events was examined, and the net reclassification improvement index (NRI) was used to compare the incremental contribution of CEF when added to FRS.The mean age was 53 years, and 68% of the patients were women with a median FRS of 8. Complications (coronary dissection) occurred in three (0.6%) and CV events in 61 (13%) patients. In univariate analysis, microvascular CEF [hazard ratio (HR) 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72-0.97, P=0.032] and epicardial CEF (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.59-0.90, P=0.01) were found to be significant predictors of CV events, whereas FRS was not (HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.85-1.26, P=0.61). When added to FRS, microvascular CEF correctly reclassified 11.3% of patients [NRI 0.11 (95% CI 0.019-0.21)], epicardial CEF correctly reclassified 12.1% of patients [NRI 0.12 (95% CI -0.02 to 0.26)], and the combined microvascular and epicardial CEF correctly reclassified 22.8% of patients [NRI 0.23 (95% CI 0.08-0.37)]. CONCLUSION CEF testing is safe and adds value to the FRS, with superior discrimination and risk stratification compared with FRS alone in patients presenting with chest pain or suspected ischemia

COMPARISON OF ANTIBIOTIC USE BETWEEN AN 'OPEN' AND A 'CLOSED' INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Objective: To determine differences in antibiotic use between a 'closed' ICU in a hospital in Israel and an 'open' ICU in a Kenyan hospital.Design: Retrospective comparative study.Setting: The ICU of Beilinson hospital in Rabin Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel and the ICU of Mater Hospital, Nairobi Kenya.Subjects: One hundred and forty patients from Beilinson and one hundred fifty one patients from Mater Hospital were enroledMain outcome measures: Antibiotic use in the different ICU settings.Results: Seven different antibiotics namely Erythromycin, Meropenem, Taxobactam/Piperacillin, Metronidazole, Gentamycin, Ceftriaxone and Cefuroxime were used in sufficient numbers in both centres to allow for statistical analysis. Four of these seven namely metronidazole, gentamycin, ceftriaxone and cefuroxime demonstrated statistically significant difference between the two centres.Conclusion: The level of antibiotic use is demonstrably higher in 'open' ICUs with fewer controls to antibiotic prescriptions than in 'closed' ICUs with stricter control