Pengaruh Latihan Kegel Terhadap Frekuensi Inkontinensia Urine Pada Lansia Di Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Margo Mukti Rembang

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the Kegel exercise on frequency of urinary incontinence in the elderly. This study used a quasi -experimental with one group pre and post test study design, conducted on 27 respondents selected by purposive sampling technique. Respondents were divided into three groups which were the first group with frequency of exercise 2 times, the second group with 3 times and the third group 4 times a day for six weeks. Data on the frequency of urinary incontinence were collected in pre and post intervention Kegel exercise. Data were analyzed using t-test (paired t-test).The results of the study revealed that group I , II & III in sequence value of t-count 21.92, t=11,418 and t=15.307 with P values p=0, 00. Further comparisons between the three groups showed group III showed the mean frequency of urinary incontinence at least. It can be concluded that Kegel exercises affect the decrease in the frequency of urinary incontinence in the elderly, and it is suggested that Kegel exercises should be done regularly

Special needs teacher's practices and methods to support students with dyslexia

In Finland, the literacy issue is currently being hotly debated, partly due to the deteriorating PISA results. Literacy is the basis for all learning and a prerequisite for participatory citizenship. For example, The City of Helsinki wants to invest in early efforts to support literacy and has budgeted for this purpose. The Board of Education is launching the new Läsande skola model. The purpose is, among other things, to develop support for literacy. Dyslexia is about difficulty with words. According to the Basic Education Act, those who participate in education have the right to a safe study environment and to support or special education. According to the law, the student should receive sufficient support for learning and schooling as soon as the need arises. First, the existing working methods, teaching arrangements and learning environments are examined, as well as how they are suitable for the student. On the basis of this, it is decided whether it is a matter of finding better pedagogical solutions for the student. The purpose of the dissertation was to investigate which working methods the special needs teacher uses in his teaching for students in grades 3–6 to support learning in students with dyslexia. The research questions were thus formulated as follows: - What working methods does the special needs teacher use to support students in grades 3–6 with dyslexia? - How does the special needs teacher choose his working methods for students in grades 3–6 with dyslexia? The dissertation was a qualitative study and the material was collected with the help of semi-structured interviews. Five special needs teachers participated in the interviews. The thematic analysis with abductive approach was used to analyze the interview data. The results of the dissertation state that the special needs teachers used various individual solutions to support their students with dyslexia and that the starting point for choosing the most suitable forms of support was the individual student, the special needs teacher's professional knowledge and testing of different alternative solutions. The student, the home and the school are key participants and actors when it comes to finding the best solutions. The result shapes what the support can mean in practice and which factors can influence the choice of forms of support. A data base would systematize and ease special needs teachers´ access to researched knowledge. An interesting theme for further research could be to investigate dyslexia students' experiences of the support they receive from school.I Finland debatteras läskunnighetsfrågan just nu livligt bland annat på grund av de försämrade PISA-resultaten. Läskunnigheten är grunden för all lärande och förutsättning för ett deltagande medborgarskap. Till exempel Helsingfors stad vill satsa på tidiga insatser för att stöda läskunnigheten och har budgeterat för detta ändamål. Utbildningsstyrelsen lanserar för sin del den nya Läsande skola-modellen. Syftet är att bland annat utveckla stödet för läskunnigheten. Dyslexi handlar om svårigheter med ord. Enligt lagen om grundläggande utbildning har den som deltar i utbildning rätt till en trygg studiemiljö samt till stöd- eller specialundervisning. Eleven bör enligt lagen få tillräckligt stöd för lärande och skolgång genast när behov uppstår. Först granskas de befintliga arbetssätten, undervisningsarrangemangen och lärmiljöerna samt hur de lämpar sig för eleven. På basis av detta avgörs om det gäller att hitta bättre pedagogiska lösningar för eleven. Syftet med avhandlingen var att utreda vilka arbetssätt och metoder specialläraren använder i sin undervisning för elever i årskurserna 3–6 för att stöda lärande hos elever som har dyslexi. Därmed formulerades forskningsfrågorna till följande: - Vilka arbetssätt och metoder använder specialläraren för att stöda elever i årskurserna 3–6 med dyslexi? - Hur väljer specialläraren sina arbetssätt och metoder för elever i årskurs 3–6 med dyslexi? Avhandlingen var en kvalitativ undersökning och materialinsamlingen skedde med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer. I intervjuerna deltog fem speciallärare. Den tematiska analysen med abduktiv ansats användes för att analysera intervjusvaren. Avhandlingens resultat berättar att speciallärarna utnyttjade varierande individuella lösningar för att stöda sina elever med dyslexi och att utgångspunkten till val av lämpligaste stödformer var den individuella eleven, speciallärarens yrkeskunnande samt prövande av olika alternativa lösningar. Eleven, hemmet och skolan är centrala medverkare och aktörer då det gäller att hitta de bästa lösningarna. Resultatet gestaltar vad stödandet i praktiken kan betyda och vilka faktorer som kan inverka på valet av stödformerna. En databas med information om olika forskningsbaserade metoder och arbetssätt kunde systematisera och underlätta speciallärarens strävan att hålla sig à jour med alternativa lösningar för att stöda elever med dyslexi. Ett intressant tema för fortsatt forskning kunde vara att utreda erfarenheter av det stöd som elever med dyslexi får från skolan

Evolution of ischemic damage and behavioural deficit over 6 months after MCAo in the rat: Selecting the optimal outcomes and statistical power for multi-centre preclinical trials

Key disparities between the timing and methods of assessment in animal stroke studies and clinical trial may be part of the reason for the failure to translate promising findings. This study investigates the development of ischemic damage after thread occlusion MCAo in the rat, using histological and behavioural outcomes. Using the adhesive removal test we investigate the longevity of behavioural deficit after ischemic stroke in rats, and examine the practicality of using such measures as the primary outcome for future studies. Ischemic stroke was induced in 132 Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats which were assessed for behavioural and histological deficits at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 days, 12 and 24 weeks (n>11 per timepoint). The basic behavioural score confirmed induction of stroke, with deficits specific to stroke animals. Within 7 days, these deficits resolved in 50% of animals. The adhesive removal test revealed contralateral neglect for up to 6 months following stroke. Sample size calculations to facilitate the use of this test as the primary experimental outcome resulted in cohort sizes much larger than are the norm for experimental studies. Histological damage progressed from a necrotic infarct to a hypercellular area that cleared to leave a fluid filled cavity. Whilst absolute volume of damage changed over time, when corrected for changes in hemispheric volume, an equivalent area of damage was lost at all timepoints. Using behavioural measures at chronic timepoints presents significant challenges to the basic science community in terms of the large number of animals required and the practicalities associated with this. Multicentre preclinical randomised controlled trials as advocated by the MultiPART consortium may be the only practical way to deal with this issue

Fish oil diet associated with acute reperfusion related hemorrhage, and with reduced stroke-related sickness behaviors and motor impairment

Ischemic stroke is associated with motor impairment and increased incidence of affective disorders such as anxiety/clinical depression. In non-stroke populations, successful management of such disorders and symptoms has been reported following diet supplementation with long chain omega-3-polyunsaturated-fatty-acids ( PUFAs ). However, the potential protective effects of PUFA supplementation on affective behaviors after experimentally induced stroke and sham surgery have not been examined previously. This study investigated the behavioral effects of PUFA supplementation over a 6-week period following either middle cerebral artery occlusion or sham surgery in the hooded-Wistar rat. The PUFA diet supplied during the acclimation period prior to surgery was found to be associated with an increased risk of acute hemorrhage following the reperfusion component of the surgery. In surviving animals, PUFA supplementation did not influence infarct size as determined 6 weeks after surgery, but did decrease omega-6-fatty-acid levels, moderate sickness behaviors, acute motor impairment, and longer-term locomotor hyperactivity and depression/anxiety-like behavior

Can Animal Models of Disease Reliably Inform Human Studies?

H. Bart van der Worp and colleagues discuss the controversies and possibilities of translating the results of animal experiments into human clinical trials

Different strokes for different folks: the rich diversity of animal models of focal cerebral ischemia

No single animal model is able to encompass all of the variables known to affect human ischemic stroke. This review highlights the major strengths and weaknesses of the most commonly used animal models of acute ischemic stroke in the context of matching model and experimental aim. Particular emphasis is placed on the relationships between outcome and underlying vascular variability, physiologic control, and use of models of comorbidity. The aim is to provide, for novice and expert alike, an overview of the key controllable determinants of experimental stroke outcome to help ensure the most effective application of animal models to translational research

Ern Rewell

"Ern Rewell VX 87189 V.S.R. 5th Inf. Btn. 1943-44".Ern Rewell VX 87189 V.S.R. 5th Infantry Battalion 1943-44