Spin-fluctuation theory beyond Gaussian approximation

A characteristic feature of the Gaussian approximation in the functional-integral approach to the spin-fluctuation theory is the jump phase transition to the paramagnetic state. We eliminate the jump and obtain a continuous second-order phase transition by taking into account high-order terms in the expansion of the free energy in powers of the fluctuating exchange field. The third-order term of the free energy renormalizes the mean field, and fourth-order term, responsible for the interaction of the fluctuations, renormalizes the spin susceptibility. The extended theory is applied to the calculation of magnetic properties of Fe-Ni Invar.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figure

CUIDADOS DE ENFERMAGEM NA PREVENÇÃO DE LESÃO POR PRESSÃO EM PACIENTES INTERNADOS EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA.

Objetivo: analisar na literatura científica quais são os cuidados de enfermagem na Prevenção das Lesões por pressão de pacientes internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório, de revisão integrativa, com aporte na teoria fundamentada nos dados. As bases de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Sistem Online, Base de dados da Enfermagem, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online e Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da saúde, com critérios de inclusão: artigos originais, no idioma português e inglês, disponíveis na íntegra, dos últimos cinco anos, na temática da pesquisa. Foram criadas duas categorias de análise para apresentação dos dados: Categoria 1- A incidência de lesão prolongada em paciente internado na unidade de terapia intensiva; Categoria 2- Atuação do Enfermeiro na prevenção de Lesão por Pressão. Resultados: encontrados 2037 artigos e selecionados oito artigos. Na categoria 1, revela que a lesão por pressão são consequências de situações clínicas, como: déficits nutricionais, rebaixamento de consciência, complexidade clínica do paciente e tempo de internação. Na categoria 2- a incidência das lesões por pressão independe de patologias, relacionam-se com a sobrecarga de trabalho dos profissionais, somados à carência de especialização e melhores condições de trabalho. Conclusão: percebe-se que existem diversificadas estratégias para a identificação e prevenção que podem evitar o surgimento e o agravamento das lesões por pressão. Contudo, outros fatores contribuem para que ocorra a incidência, consequências em ações deficientes de quantitativo de profissional inadequado e estrutural de aspecto institucional

Clip thinking impact on the change of educational techniligies in high school

The article views the necessity to change educational technologies in the high school due to such peculiarity of contemporary generation as the clip or mosaic thinking. The author reflects the approaches to the understanding of the notion of clip thinking and offers the ways to improve the educational process taking into account specific features in the youth’s way of thinkingСтатья посвящена рассмотрению вопроса о необходимости изменения образовательных технологий и подходов к обучению студентов высшей школы в связи с формированием у них такой особенности, как клиповое мышление. Автором раскрываются подходы к пониманию клипового мышления как явления, а также предлагаются пути совершенствования образовательного процесса в связи с выявленными особенностями мышления молодеж

The role of the civil society in providing human rights and fundamental freedoms in Russia

The article is devoted to the matters of civil society contribution to the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms in Russia. The article describes existing institutions of the civil society which are entitled to participate in the protection of human rights, distinguishes the problems connected to their poor contribution to the process in question and offers the ways of these problems’ resolution.Статья посвящена вопросам участия институтов гражданского общества в процессе обеспечения и защиты прав и свобод человека и гражданина в России. В статье рассмотрены основные институты гражданского общества, призванные способствовать защите прав и свобод человека в России, а также обозначены проблемы, возникающие в связи с бездействием указанных институтов, и предложены пути их решения

Transformation of the capabilities of higher school teachers in conditions of uncertainty: Problem statement

Introduction. In modern social and educational conditions, the process of uncertainty in pedagogical practice occurs at a rapid pace, due to the globalisation and digitalisation of education, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, there are teachers’ transformations and new functions, which cannot affect their pedagogical capabilities; therefore, the article presents a problem on this issue.Aim. The aim of this problematic article is to consider from different points of view the phenomenon of uncertainty in pedagogical activity and the transformation of the functions of higher school teachers in the conditions of uncertainty caused by the digitalisation of education.Methodology and research methods. The work was based on the methodology of interdisciplinary analysis of theoretical sources, foreign and Russian pedagogical experience in the field of uncertainties; the method of questioning and interviewing teachers of higher education was used to identify attitudes to professional activity in conditions of uncertainty.Results and scientific novelty. In the course of the study, it was found that at the present stage of education development, the transformation of the functions of higher school teachers in conditions of uncertainty is not investigated either in Russian pedagogical practice or abroad due to the undeveloped theoretical provisions in this area of pedagogical activity. The problem is posed in the field of transformation of the capabilities and functions of higher school teachers in conditions of uncertainty from the perspective of different sciences. The scientific novelty of the research is the following developed provisions: 1) a new interpretation of the concept of “professional functions of a teacher” is proposed, including professional competence and professional activity of a teacher in a digital educational environment within his/her subject area at the university; 2) a pedagogical model of transformation of teacher functions in a digital educational environment is developed, including the functions of teaching, upbringing, methodological function, as well as the function of digital didactics and the digital competence function of the teacher; 3) the uncertainty factors and their content that influence the process of transformation of the functions of higher school teachers are identified: technological management of pedagogical activity; pedagogical practice without emotional contact between the subjects of the educational process; self-realisation in a virtual environment; the need for design thinking; personal growth of a teacher in a digital educational environment; transformation of the functions of managing their own pedagogical practice; 4) a classification of uncertainties encountered in the professional activities of higher school teachers has been developed based on two characteristics – belonging to professional educational activities and digital support of pedagogical practice.Practical significance. The proposed classification and uncertainty factors influencing the process of transformation of the functions of higher school teachers can be used in pedagogical practice to determine internal and external influences on teachers in the digital educational environment