Modelling Transient Terahertz Magneto-Spectroscopy measurements of p-type CVD Graphene leading to a negative photoconductivity.

Ultrafast Terahertz (THz) Magneto-Spectroscopy (UTMS) measurements were performed on p-type CVD graphene sample to investigate the intrinsic carrier dynamics of the material. We investigated static and time-resolved THz transmission measurements, in which the sample was photo-excited by a near infrared (NIR) pump pulse, in order to study its behavior in a magnetic field. In these measurements the free carriers were probed to independently measure the carrier density and scattering rate in this film. We observed, in our graphene sample, an increase in transmission related to a negative photoconductivity (decrease in conductivity after photoexcitation) consistent with previous research. This decrease is predicted by our model and relate to the energy dependence of the scattering process considered in this paper

Genomics reveals historic and contemporary transmission dynamics of a bacterial disease among wildlife and livestock

Whole-genome sequencing has provided fundamental insights into infectious disease epidemiology, but has rarely been used for examining transmission dynamics of a bacterial pathogen in wildlife. In the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), outbreaks of brucellosis have increased in cattle along with rising seroprevalence in elk. Here we use a genomic approach to examine Brucella abortus evolution, cross-species transmission and spatial spread in the GYE. We find that brucellosis was introduced into wildlife in this region at least five times. The diffusion rate varies among Brucella lineages (∼3 to 8 km per year) and over time. We also estimate 12 host transitions from bison to elk, and 5 from elk to bison. Our results support the notion that free-ranging elk are currently a self-sustaining brucellosis reservoir and the source of livestock infections, and that control measures in bison are unlikely to affect the dynamics of unrelated strains circulating in nearby elk populations

Downtown revitalization : a case study of development in the center city area of Memphis, Tennessee

Downtown decline is a serious problem facing cities and towns across the nation. Many cities are seeking solutions through new and creative methods. This study examines what has been done in Memphis, Tennessee to stimulate economic growth, attract private capital investment, increase CBD competitiveness, and create new jobs to achieve downtown revitalization. This study traces the historic development of downtowns in general and of Memphis in particular. Interviews with persons knowledgeable and involved in Memphis\u27 downtown revitalization process provided information for this research. Selected development activities are described in order to present a picture of projects undertaken in Memphis and the redevelopment process used. The future of downtown redevelopment in Memphis is tied inextricably to the activities of the Center City Commission. Within recent years, the role of publicprivate partnerships in redevelopment has increased. These relationships have proven successful in numerous cities. The study concludes by suggesting that traditional downtowns are obsolete; however, through coordinated public-private investments new downtowns are emerging and taking on a different role and nontraditional functions. The Memphis experience is examined with the intent to provide information that can be applied to downtown areas in other cities

Queer x Trans Memoir: In Sight of an Embodied History

Are queer and trans identities innate or constructed? What constitutes a queer or trans identity? What prompts a person to identify with a particular queer or trans identity category? Prominent queer theorist Judith Butler contends that “There is no gender identity behind the expressions of gender; that identity is performatively constituted” (Butler, Gender Trouble 34). However, many scholars have claimed that Butler’s theory is “not compatible with lived experience” (McCann & Monaghan 134). This project utilizes the genre of memoir to gain insight into lived experiences to put this theory to the test. Through a mini historical archive of twelve queer and trans memoirs by authors born in the United States of America, this project uses theories of assemblage as its framework to identify characteristics of queer and trans identities in this context. Stivale defines an assemblage as follows: “A collection of things and their relations expresses something, a particular character…the elements that make up an assemblage also include the qualities present (large, poisonous, find, blinding, etc.)” (78). Through exploring what a queer or trans identity is by identifying characteristics present across twelve memoirs, this project simultaneously analyzes what a queer or trans identity does by examining the role that identity categories play in the lives of memoirists. How does the existence of identity labels shape reality in itself? How do these labels function as a mode of self-understanding and relationship building? What intersectional differences are present across the LGBTQIA+ community? The cross-analysis of this sample of twelve queer and trans memoirs provides insight into the lives of queer and trans individuals in the United States of America

Production Of Canola As A Biofuel Feedstock In The Piedmont Region Of North Carolina

Canola in the past and present has been evaluated as a domestic fuel source and a means to stimulate rural economic development. In order to ease the transition of the economy in North Carolina new rotational crops can be looked upon as sources of additional revenue. Canola Brassica napus (L.) production was evaluated for cultivation in a Piedmont soil (Mecklenburg Sandy Clay Loam) at NC A&T State University research farm located in Greensboro, NC (Guilford County). The experiment was conducted using a split plot design with main plot factor cultivar (Virginia and DKW 46-15) and subplot factor fertilizer: (N-P2O5-K2O) in (kgha-1) 0-0-0, 70-28-84, 70-28-864 + Soysoap, 140-56-168 and 140-56-168 + Soysoap. Soysoapâ„¢ was applied as a foliar spray to evaluate its effectiveness in enhanced nutrient absorption. Canola was planted in October and harvested in May in all three years (2009-2012). Analysis from 3 consecutive years revealed that plots that received the 140-56-168 (kgha-1) fertilizer treatment produced significantly higher seed yields than the control. Canola seed was mechanically extracted in 2011 and 2012. Neither canola cultivar nor fertilizer treatment affected mechanically extracted oil percentages in 2011 or 2012. Cultivar selection in 2010 had a significant effect (p \u3c 0.001) on hexane extracted oil percentages in which the Virginia cultivar produced a significantly higher oil percentage than DKW 46-15. After evaluating cultivars oil yield potential, the Virginia cultivar would be more suitable towards biofuel production in NC versus DKW 46-15

The Potential Societal Benefit of Eliminating Opioid Overdoses, Deaths, and Substance Use Disorders Exceeds $95 Billion Per Year

The negative impacts of the opioid epidemic are substantial and increasing rapidly over time. No part of society—including households, governments, and the private sector—is safe from the devastation brought on by this national crisis. The human toll of the combined misuse of prescription opioids, heroin, fentanyl, and related drugs has reached an unthinkable scale, with deaths soaring to more than 53,000 in 2016. Through this analysis of 2016 data, we estimate the magnitude of the economic and quantifiable societal harms and find the potential benefit of preventing opioid overdoses, deaths, and substance use disorders in 2016 would have exceeded $95 billion dollars—and preliminary data for 2017 predict this estimate will increase. This finding calls for substantial increases in funding at all levels—private and public sectors—to prevent opioid misuse and provide treatment for those affected.The potential benefits of eliminating the epidemic are concentrated in productivity gains from saved lives and reductions in substance use, averted health care costs due to fewer overdoses and other health complications, and lower spending on other services currently addressing the burden of opioids like law enforcement and child/family assistance (see Figure 1). These benefits—including savings to governments and increases in economic returns to households and the private sector (see Figure 2)—would accrue to all of society

The Wild Experiment And Its Aftermath: How Courts Settled Conflict and Questions of Power in Higher Education, 1900-1930

Between 1900 and 1930, who determined the balance of power between higher education and the state when conflicts arose? This study presents an untold story of how courts settled disputes that stemmed from public officials’ attempts to rein in spending and influence among colleges in their states. These disputes followed what Frank Blackmar in 1890 referred to as a “wild experiment” with higher education’s growth and planning. Colleges desired to expand, acquire additional funding, and function as independently as possible, while public officials and legislatures sought to exercise influence and power over those colleges. This laid the groundwork for conflict and a power struggle. In the absence of coordinating boards, accrediting agencies, and a host of regulations that we are accustomed to today, courts regulated the balance of power between states and colleges. Many of the cases covered in this study have not been discussed in a scholarly setting. This study evaluates twenty-four legal cases to add another chapter to the early twentieth century history of higher education—one that highlights conflict and power struggles that helped shape the relationships between colleges and states during the decades that followed