A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Topical Formulation with Cordia verbenacea Essential Oil and Glycolic Acid

This study evaluated the effect of Cordia verbenacea essential oil (CV) and glycolic acid 70 % (GA), isolated and associated, on Wistar rats back skin. A base gel was added to 2 % of CV and/or 10 % of GA, thus forming 4 formulations: 1) GA + CV, 2) CV, 3) GA, and 4) gel base. All formulation had their final pH adjusted to 3,5 and were applied once daily, for 15 consecutive days, on 4 areas with 1 cm(2), while another area without application (control). Statistical analysis of biopsies showed no difference in epidermis thickness and stratum corneum. Among fibroblast counts there was a statistical significance for groups exposed to the GA and to the association. Only in the group exposed to GAT there was significant difference in leukocytes number. The association of GA with CV proved favorable because it increased fibroblast counts without increasing leukocyte numbers, meaning inflammatory reaction may be reduced.2961004100

Comparative Study of Glyceryl Behenate or Polyoxyethylene 40 Stearate-Based Lipid Carriers for Trans-Resveratrol Delivery: Development, Characterization and Evaluation of the In Vitro Tyrosinase Inhibition

Trans-resveratrol (RSV) is a natural compound with several properties, such as the ability to inhibit the tyrosinase enzyme, with potential application as a skin-lightning agent and for the treatment of skin disorders associated with hyperpigmentation and melanogenesis. However, the drug faces several drawbacks which altogether limit its therapeutic application. Thus, drug loading into nanocarriers emerge as an alternative to circumvent these problems. Herein, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have been employed for RSV encapsulation, with comparison of two different lipids, glyceryl behenate (more hydrophobic), and polyoxyethylene 40 (PEG 40) stearate. PEG 40 stearate-containing NLCs presented smaller particle size and polydispersity compared with glyceryl behenate, attributed to better emulsification and nanoparticle formation, resulting in higher RSV encapsulation efficiency. Drug was loaded in both carriers as a molecular dispersion. Furthermore, the formulations had very low RSV release, which occurred due to the crystallinity degree of lipid matrix, in accordance with the DSC data. Moreover, RSV cytotoxicity against L-929 cells was not increased when loaded into nanocarriers. Interestingly, RSV-loaded formulation prepared with PEG-40 stearate resulted on greater tyrosinase inhibition than RSV solution and formulation containing glyceryl behenate, equivalent to 1.31 and 1.83 times higher, respectively, demonstrating that the incorporation of RSV into NLC allowed an enhanced tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Overall, the results obtained herein evidence potential for future in vivo evaluation of RSV-loaded NLCs

Estimating the treatment effect from non-randomized studies: The example of reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation in hematological diseases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In some clinical situations, for which RCT are rare or impossible, the majority of the evidence comes from observational studies, but standard estimations could be biased because they ignore covariates that confound treatment decisions and outcomes.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Three observational studies were conducted to assess the benefit of Allo-SCT in hematological malignancies of multiple myeloma, follicular lymphoma and Hodgkin’s disease. Two statistical analyses were performed: the propensity score (PS) matching approach and the inverse probability weighting (IPW) approach.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Based on PS-matched samples, a survival benefit in MM patients treated by Allo-SCT, as compared to similar non-allo treated patients, was observed with an HR of death at 0.35 (95%CI: 0.14-0.88). Similar results were observed in HD, 0.23 (0.07-0.80) but not in FL, 1.28 (0.43-3.77). Estimated benefits of Allo-SCT for the original population using IPW were erased in HR for death at 0.72 (0.37-1.39) for MM patients, 0.60 (0.19-1.89) for HD patients, and 2.02 (0.88-4.66) for FL patients.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Differences in estimated benefits rely on whether the underlying population to which they apply is an ideal randomized experimental population (PS) or the original population (IPW). These useful methods should be employed when assessing the effects of innovative treatment in non-randomized experiments.</p