Eisenzeitliche Schmelzöfen im Weserbergland

Am Rand dieser früheren Quellmulde aus Hammershütten bei Holzminden befinden sich Fundamente von Eisen-Schmelzöfen. Holzkohlengruben mit Eisenresten sind evtl. durch die Verarbeitung von Limonit zu erklären. Die Probe 3 für die 14-C-Untersuchung stammt von hier. Im Grunde waren es zwei gedankliche Anstöße, die zusammen letztlich zur Entdeckung eines prähistorischen Hüttenzentrums im Weserbergland führten; - einmal waren es die Flurbezeichnungen "Erzbruch" und "Hammershütten" im Hochsolling zwischen Holzminden und Silberborn, dann aber auch die Wesersage vom "Schatz im Wildberg", die zusammen in mir die Überzeugung entstehen ließen, daß der Erzabbau und die Verhüttung einmal eine große Bedeutung für diesen Raum besessen haben müssen

Das Lau von Schönhagen im Solling

Bei Schönhagen im Solling liegen der Kleine und Große Lauenberg. Ferner der Lohgrund, die Lohhalbe und die Lohwiesen. Aus Unkenntnis entstanden aus den vielerorts noch anzutreffenden Orts- und Flurnamenzusammensetzungen mit Lau Veränderungen zu Leu und dann zu Löwe, wobei Beziehungen zu Heinrich dem Löwen gesucht wurden. Ein Lau oder Loh ist aber eine vorgeschichtliche Kultstätte, ein heiliger Hain, in dem bis zur Christianisierung das religiöse und politische Leben unserer Vorfahren sich vollzog. Bekannt ist das sagenumwobene Lau unter der Wildburg bei Amelunxen, das Königslau bei Ovenhausen, Lauenberg mit der Löwenburg, Markloh, in dem sich zur Zeit Karls des Großen die sächsischen Stämme versammelten und die vielen Orte mit Lau in Holland wie Almelo, Venlo, Schoonlo usw. Der in Deutschland und England verbreitete Gruß „Hallo“ ist ursprünglich wohl ein Segensgruß gewesen. Dies ergibt sich aus dem altenglischen Vaterunser, in dem es heißt „Hallowed be Thy name“ = „Geheiligt werde Dein Name“. Im Hochsauerland gibt es beim Ort Heiminghausen die Flurbezeichnungen „Auf dem Halloh“ neben „Ebbeloh“ und „Wiggenfeld“ = Heiliges Feld. Aus dem Keltischen übersetzt bedeutet Hall-Lo = Salzloh

Design guide for power tapping from extra-high voltage (EHV) lines using insulated shield-wire and series compensation, with standardised components

ThesisThe technology for tapping power from Extra-high Voltage (EHV) lines by using an insulated shield-wire and series compensation, has already been developed. This technique is known as CAPTAP. The CAPTAP technology's main target area is in sparsely populated areas where people are living next to an Extra-high Voltage line and do not have the benefit of electricity. The technology can only supply approximately 50kW of power. With this low kilowatt capacity per substation and thus a very low revenue, it is essential to develop a CAPTAP system as cost-effective as possible. With the CAPT AP development up to date, a new shunt capacitor and reactor value had to be determined for each new CAPT AP substation design, without any standardisation on these components. The aim of this study is to design and build future low-cost CAPT AP substations, by using standardised components with the absolute minimum computer usage. There was a serious need to construct a CAP TAP substation in a sparsely populated area after the prototype built by Leigh Stubbs of Eskom Transmission Department in 1992. Unfortunately the Prototype CAPTAP was not situated close to any domestic customers who have not yet experienced the benefit of electricity. Eskom management agreed to subsidise a Pilot CAPT AP substation, on condition that the cost be kept as low as possible. The author took the initiative to design and construct a proper low-cost substation in an area that justifies this kind of technology. It was decided that the equipment from the prototype substation would be re-used in order to build a Pilot CAPT AP substation. Having had the opportunity of building a Pilot CAPTAP substation, the author designed a new improved off-ground level low-cost substation. With the experience gained from this field exercise, the autB~ veloped a new method of designing a CAPTAP system With 'g{andilJdised ,~J~Tpon nts and without Ot- I nc in-depth computer simulations

HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN KELUARGA TERHADAP PERAN KELUARGA DALAM MERAWAT LUKA PASIEN POST OPERASI LAPARATOMI DI POLI BEDAH RSUD Dr.ABDUL AZIZ SINGKAWANG TAHUN 2018

ABSTRAK Laparotomi merupakan salah satu prosedur yang paling sering dilakukan dalam 10 tahun terakhir dengan persentase 50% (WHO dalam Sartika, 2013). Laparotomi adalah operasi yang dilakukan untuk membuka perut. Laparotomi dibentuk dari dua kata Yunani, "lapar" dan "buku tebal." Kata "lapar" berarti bagian tubuh yang lunak yang terletak di antara tulang rusuk dan pinggul, sedangkan "buku tebal" berarti memotong (Dictionary of Medicine, 2011). Laparotomi merupakan operasi perut yang sering dilakukan di berbagai negara di dunia. Di Amerika Serikat, lebih dari 250.000 operasi laparotomi dilakukan setiap tahun (Nursalam, 2013). Faridah (2014) menyatakan bahwa, laparotomi merupakan salah satu operasi besar, dengan membuat sayatan pada lapisan dinding perut untuk mendapatkan bagian organ yang mengalami masalah (perdarahan, perforasi, kanker dan obstruksi). Laparotomi dilakukan pada kasus-kasus seperti apendisitis perforasi, hernia inguinalis, kanker lambung, kanker usus besar dan rektum, obstruksi usus, radang usus kronis, kolesistitis dan peritonitis. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden yaitu pasien dan keluarga pasien untuk diisi. Selama pengisian kuesioner, responden didampingi oleh peneliti untuk menjelaskan pertanyaan yang belum jelas. Sampel yang diambil oleh peneliti ini sebanyak 18 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua responden memiliki pengetahuan kurang sebesar 82,7% dan sebagian besar responden memiliki peran keluarga kurang dari 67,5% dengan p value = 0,02 (p value < 0,05). Dimana Ho ditolak dan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan peran keluarga dalam perilaku seksual pranikah pada anak jalanan. Kata kunci: Laparotomi, Post Operasi Laparotomi, Prosedur Operas

Comparison between chiral and meson-theoretic nucleon-nucleon potentials through (p,p') reactions

We use proton-nucleus reaction data at intermediate energies to test the emerging new generation of chiral nucleon-nucleon (NN) potentials. Predictions from a high quality one-boson-exchange (OBE) force are used for comparison and evaluation. Both the chiral and OBE models fit NN phase shifts accurately, and the differences between the two forces for proton-induced reactions are small. A comparison to a chiral model with a less accurate NN description sets the scale for the ability of such models to work for nuclear reactions.Comment: 6 pages, revtex, 4 eps-figure

Folding model analysis of elastic and inelastic proton scattering on Sulfur isotopes

The folding formalism for the nucleon-nucleus optical potential and inelastic form factor is applied to study elastic and inelastic proton scattering on 30-40S isotopes. A recently developed realistic density dependent M3Y interaction, well tested in the folding analysis of nucleus-nucleus elastic and inelastic scattering, is used as effective NN interaction. The nuclear ground state and transition densities (for the 2+ excitations in Sulfur isotopes) are obtained in the Hartree-Fock-BCS and QRPA approaches, respectively. The best fit ratios of transition moments Mn/Mp for the lowest 2+ states in Sulfur isotopes are compared to those obtained earlier in the DWBA analysis of the same data using the same structure model and inelastic form factors obtained with the JLM effective interaction. Our folding+DWBA analysis has shown quite a strong isovector mixing in the elastic and inelastic scattering channels for the neutron rich 38,40S nuclei. In particular, the relative strength of the isovector part of the transition potential required by the inelastic p+38S data is significantly stronger than that obtained with the corresponding QRPA transition density.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys.

Sensitivity of nucleon-nucleus scattering to the off-shell behavior of on-shell equivalent NN potentials

The sensitivity of nucleon-nucleus elastic scattering to the off-shell behavior of realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions is investigated when on-shell equivalent nucleon-nucleon potentials are used. The study is based on applications of the full-folding optical model potential for an explicit treatment of the off-shell behavior of the nucleon-nucleon effective interaction. Applications were made at beam energies between 40 and 500 MeV for proton scattering from 40Ca and 208Pb. We use the momentum-dependent Paris potential and its local on-shell equivalent as obtained with the Gelfand-Levitan and Marchenko inversion formalism for the two nucleon Schroedinger equation. Full-folding calculations for nucleon-nucleus scattering show small fluctuations in the corresponding observables. This implies that off-shell features of the NN interaction cannot be unambiguously identified with these processes. Inversion potentials were also constructed directly from NN phase-shift data (SM94) in the 0-1.3 GeV energy range. Their use in proton-nucleus scattering above 200 MeV provide a superior description of the observables relative to those obtained from current realistic NN potentials. Limitations and scope of our findings are presented and discussed.Comment: 17 pages tightened REVTeX, 8 .ps figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Nuclear Transparency to Intermediate-Energy Protons

Nuclear transparency in the (e,e'p) reaction for 135 < Tp < 800 MeV is investigated using the distorted wave approximation. Calculations using density-dependent effective interactions are compared with phenomenological optical potentials. Nuclear transparency is well correlated with proton absorption and neutron total cross sections. For Tp < 300 MeV there is considerable sensitivity to the choice of optical model, with the empirical effective interaction providing the best agreement with transparency data. For Tp > 300 MeV there is much less difference between optical models, but the calculations substantially underpredict transparency data and the discrepancy increases with A. The differences between Glauber and optical model calculations are related to their respective definitions of the semi-inclusive cross section. By using a more inclusive summation over final states the Glauber model emphasizes nucleon-nucleon inelasticity, whereas with a more restrictive summation the optical model emphasizes nucleon-nucleus inelasticity; experimental definitions of the semi-inclusive cross section lie between these extremes.Comment: uuencoded gz-compressed tar file containing revtex and bbl files and 5 postscript figures, totalling 31 pages. Uses psfi

Determining The Impact Of Capitalising Long-Term Operating Leases On The Financial Ratios Of The Top 40 JSE-Listed Companies

Operating leases forma great part of companies’ financing structures in today’s economicenvironment. Some accounting standard-setters and other users of financialstatements are of the opinion that the current standard on accounting foroperating leases, IAS 17, does not provide sufficient guidelines on the disclosureof a company’s leasing activities. The current accounting standard on leasesprovides companies with the opportunity to classify lease contracts intodifferent classes which leads to off-balance-sheet financing. This problem iscurrently being addressed by the IASB as they are in the process of developingan improved standard on leases. The main focus ofthis paper is to determine the impact of the improved accounting standard onthe financial statements and the resulting financial ratios of theJSE Top 40 companies when operating leases are accounted for ason-balance-sheet debt. The differences between the current IAS 17 and theExposure draft (ED/2010/9) are identified and the comparison indicatessignificant differences between these two approaches on accounting foroperating lease activities. The focus of the IASBin developing this exposure draft was to provide the users of financialstatements with a universal picture of the leasing activities that the companyis engaged in. The findings include that this objective is achieved as usersare not left uninformed about any of the financing activities that stakeholdersare exposed to if indeed a company is engaged in operating lease activities.The study also revealed that the capitalising of long-term operating leaseswill have a significant effect on the key financial ratios that stakeholdersuse to interpret a company’s financial performance

Microscopic description of nuclei in the middle of the pf-shell by a shell model calculation with G-matrix interaction

Energy levels and electromagnetic properties of with $N=28\sim 30$ nuclides are studied in terms of a large-scale shell model calculation, which contains no newly adjusted parameters. The Kuo-Brown $G$-matrix interaction is shown to reproduce energy levels of 205 low-lying states of these nuclei. We evaluate effective charges by incorporating the core-polarization effects caused by the coupling to GQR's. We then compute E2 moments and transition probabilities. The M1 moments and transition rates are calculated by quoting the effective $g$-factors of Towner, which are obtained by taking into account the meson-exchange and the core-polarization mechanisms. By this microscopic calculation most of the E2 properties and the magnetic moments are reproduced. Although there are agreements and disagreements in the M1 transition rates, the general tendency is reproduced. The $(e,e')$ and $(p,p')$ excitation from the ground state to some low-lying $2^+$ states is also discussed.Comment: 63 pages (LaTeX, to be published in Nucl. Phys. A