Essai d’estimation des dommages piscicoles engendrés par les prises d’eau industrielles et les turbines hydroélectriques dans les cours d’eau de la Province de Liège. Partie E. Chapitre 8. Les centrales hydro-électriques sur la Méhaigne, petit affluent de la Meuse dans le sous-bassin Meuse aval

Ce rapport à la Commission provinciale de Liège du Fonds piscicole de Wallonie est un dossier bibliographique qui analyse l’impact potentiel sur les populations de poissons des quatre centrales hydroélectriques (voir tableau A) installées sur la Méhaige, principal, petit affluent de la rive gauche de la Meuse, sous-bassin Meuse aval. L’impact de la production d’hydroélectricité sur les poissons de la Méhaigne concerne principalement le cours inférieur de la rivière où se succèdent sur une distance de 5,9 km trois micro-centrales qui utilisent un débit de 2-3 m3/s, pratiquement égal au module. L’utilisation d’un tel débit sur aussi petite rivière favorise un fort pourcentage d’entrainement de l’eau et des poissons dévalants dans l’installation de turbinage (turbine Kaplan, turbine Francis ou vis hydrodynamique). Dans ce cas, il faut envisager un effet cumulé de la cascade des trois microcentrales de la Basse Méhaigne

Long-term viral competition monitoring: a case of epidemiological rescue

Biological invasions are major threats to biodiversity and the main causes of emerging viral diseases. The ongoing spread of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus is a major concern to the sustainable tomato production throughout the world. The two main strains of TYLCV have been successively introduced in Reunion Island providing a fortuitous field experiment to study the invasion and competition of these two emerging strains in a tropical and insular environment. In this study, a seven-year field survey was performed following the introduction of the Israel strain of TYLCV (TYLCV-IL) into a niche occupied by the Mild strain of TYLCV (TYLCV-Mld). A displacement of the resident TYLCV-Mld by the newcomer TYLCV-IL was observed in this short period. To understand the factors associated with this displacement, biological traits related to fitness were measured to compare these strains. Besides demonstrating a better ecological aptitude of TYLCV-IL, which explains its rapid spread and increasing prevalence, the first estimate of the number of viral particles efficiently transmitted by an insect vector for a circulative virus was obtained. However, TYLCV-Mld persistence in the field (especially in mixed infections with TYLCV-IL) spurred further experiments regarding the effects of the mixed infections on these biological traits. Our study revealed complex interplay between these two strains of one of the most emergent plant virus following their successive introductions in the insular and tropical environment of Reunion Island. This rare case of unilateral facilitation between two pathogens led to the epidemiological rescue and maintenance of the less fit strain. (Texte intégral

Aesthetic Worlds: Rimbaud, Williams and Baroque Form

The sense of form that provides the modern poet with a unique experience of the literary object has been crucial to various attempts to compare poetry to other cultural activities. In maintaining similar conceptions of the relationship between poetry and painting, Arthur Rimbaud and W. C. Williams establish a common basis for interpreting their creative work. And yet their poetry is more crucially concerned with the sudden emergence of visible "worlds" containing verbal objects that integrate a new kind of literary text. This paper discusses the emergence of "aesthetic worlds" in the work of both poets and then examines how a common concern with Baroque form unites them in the phenomenological task of overcoming Cartesian dualism

Independent component analysis for the identification of sources of variation on an industrial nirs application

A Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) industrial application was developed by the LPF-Tagralia team, and transferred to a Spanish dehydrator company (Agrotécnica Extremeña S.L.) for the classification of dehydrator onion bulbs for breeding purposes. The automated operation of the system has allowed the classification of more than one million onion bulbs during seasons 2004 to 2008 (Table 1). The performance achieved by the original model (R2=0,65; SEC=2,28ºBrix) was enough for qualitative classification thanks to the broad range of variation of the initial population (18ºBrix). Nevertheless, a reduction of the classification performance of the model has been observed with the passing of seasons. One of the reasons put forward is the reduction of the range of variation that naturally occurs during a breeding process, the other is the variations in other parameters than the variable of interest but whose effects would probably be affecting the measurements [1]. This study points to the application of Independent Component Analysis (ICA) on this highly variable dataset coming from a NIRS industrial application for the identification of the different sources of variation present through seasons

Evaluation de la qualité biologique des rivières wallonnes sur base des indices biologiques poissons. Support technique aux inventaires 2014.

Ce rapport final présente les résultats des inventaires piscicoles effectués en juin-juillet et en septembre-octobre 2014 ainsi que le calcul des indices biologiques « poissons » (IBIP et EFI)

Rapid accumulation and low degradation: Key parameters of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus persistence in its insect vector Bemisia tabaci

Of worldwide economic importance, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV, Begomovirus) is responsible for one of the most devastating plant diseases in warm and temperate regions. The DNA begomoviruses (Geminiviridae) are transmitted by the whitefly species complex Bemisia tabaci. Although geminiviruses have long been described as circulative non-propagative viruses, observations such as long persistence of TYLCV in B. tabaci raised the question of their possible replication in the vector. We monitored two major TYLCV strains, Mild (Mld) and Israel (IL), in the invasive B. tabaci Middle East-Asia Minor 1 cryptic species, during and after the viral acquisition, within two timeframes (0–144 hours or 0–20 days). TYLCV DNA was quantified using real-time PCR, and the complementary DNA strand of TYLCV involved in viral replication was specifically quantified using anchored real-time PCR. The DNA of both TYLCV strains accumulated exponentially during acquisition but remained stable after viral acquisition had stopped. Neither replication nor vertical transmission were observed. In conclusion, our quantification of the viral loads and complementary strands of both Mld and IL strains of TYLCV in B. tabaci point to an efficient accumulation and preservation mechanism, rather than to a dynamic equilibrium between replication and degradation. (Résumé d'auteur

Mass Illuminations:Jennings, Madge, Rimbaud and the 'Popular' Prose Poem

The importance of the Mass-Observation social research project to post-war British literature can be traced to the founding involvement of two poets, Humphrey Jennings and Charles Madge. Their experimentation with the possibility of a prose-based poetry in the mid-Thirties has already been linked to the example of Surrealism. Here, it is argued that they were also strongly influenced by Rimbaud’s Une Saison en Enfer (1873) and Illuminations (1872-74). Madge’s prose poem ‘Bourgeois News’ uses textual collage to create a Rimbaldian vision of the ‘parade sauvage’ of late imperial Britain, which strikingly anticipates the work of more recent British prose poets such as Rod Mengham and Tony Lopez. In conclusion, archival evidence is used to support the hypothesis that Madge composed an anoymous news article, influenced by his reading of Rimbaud, as an illustration of his belief that newspapers contained the potential for a revolutionary new form of ‘popular poetry’