Validation of \u3ci\u3eChrysina valentini\u3c/i\u3e Zubov and Ivshin, 2019 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) by morphometric and cuticular reflectance analyses

Micromorphometric analyses of genital capsules and comparison of adult cuticular reflectance of two species of Chrysina Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) support the status of C. valentini Zubov and Ivshin, 2019 as a valid species. Compared with its closest relative C. optima (Bates, 1888), capsules of C. valentini are proportionately wider at the base of the parameres than those of C. optima, and taper toward the apex more abruptly. Reflectance of C. valentini under natural light appears slightly greenish while C. optima is uniformly reddish. The number of teeth on the protibia and the shape of the mesosternal process, characters cited by Zubov et al. (2019) to distinguish the two species, did not prove reliable. Resumen. Los análisis micromorfométricos de cápsulas genitales y la comparación de la reflectancia cuti­cular adulta de dos especies de Chrysina Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) apoyan a C. valentini Zubov e Ivshin, 2019 como especies válidas. En comparación con su pariente más cercano C. optima (Bates, 1888), las cápsulas de C. valentini son proporcionalmente más anchas en la base de los parameres que las de C. optima, y se estrechan hacia el ápice más abruptamente. La reflectancia de C. valentini bajo luz natural apa­rece ligeramente verdosa mientras que C. optima es uniformemente rojiza. Número de dientes en la tibia de la pata delantera y forma de la apófisis mesoesternal, caracteres citados por Zubov et al. (2019) para distinguir las dos especies, no resultó confiable

Validation of \u3ci\u3eChrysina valentini\u3c/i\u3e Zubov and Ivshin, 2019 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) by morphometric and cuticular reflectance analyses

Micromorphometric analyses of genital capsules and comparison of adult cuticular reflectance of two species of Chrysina Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) support the status of C. valentini Zubov and Ivshin, 2019 as a valid species. Compared with its closest relative C. optima (Bates, 1888), capsules of C. valentini are proportionately wider at the base of the parameres than those of C. optima, and taper toward the apex more abruptly. Reflectance of C. valentini under natural light appears slightly greenish while C. optima is uniformly reddish. The number of teeth on the protibia and the shape of the mesosternal process, characters cited by Zubov et al. (2019) to distinguish the two species, did not prove reliable. Resumen. Los análisis micromorfométricos de cápsulas genitales y la comparación de la reflectancia cuti­cular adulta de dos especies de Chrysina Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) apoyan a C. valentini Zubov e Ivshin, 2019 como especies válidas. En comparación con su pariente más cercano C. optima (Bates, 1888), las cápsulas de C. valentini son proporcionalmente más anchas en la base de los parameres que las de C. optima, y se estrechan hacia el ápice más abruptamente. La reflectancia de C. valentini bajo luz natural apa­rece ligeramente verdosa mientras que C. optima es uniformemente rojiza. Número de dientes en la tibia de la pata delantera y forma de la apófisis mesoesternal, caracteres citados por Zubov et al. (2019) para distinguir las dos especies, no resultó confiable

A new species of \u3ci\u3eChrysina\u3c/i\u3e Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) from the Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico, with notes on the type locality of \u3ci\u3eChrysina adelaida\u3c/i\u3e (Hope, 1841)

This paper presents a taxonomic review of the genus Boreocanthon Halffter, restored generic sta­tus, a group of ball-rolling (telocoprid) dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) endemic to North America. The genus, heretofore treated as a subgenus of Canthon, comprises 13 species, each keyed, diagnosed, illustrated and presented with information on distribution, relationships, and biology (*signifies restored generic combination): *Boreocanthon ateuchiceps (Bates, 1887); B. coahuilensis (Howden, 1966); *B. depressipennis (LeConte, 1859c); *B. ebenus (Say, 1823); *B. forreri (Bates, 1887); *B. integricollis (Schaef­fer, 1915); *B. lecontei (Harold, 1868); *B. melanus (Robinson, 1948); *B. praticola (LeConte, 1868); *B. probus (Germar, 1823); *B. puncticollis (LeConte, 1866); *B. simplex (LeConte, 1857); as well as Boreocanthon halff­teri Edmonds here described as a new species. Other actions taken are a) Canthon mixtus Robinson declared junior subjective new synonym of Boreocanthon puncticollis; b) Canthon bisignatus Balthasar, 1939, declared junior subjective new synonym of Boreocanthon simplex; c) Boreocanthon coahuilensis (Howden) new ge­neric combination; and d) neotype designated for the type species of the genus Boreocanthon, Ateuchus ebenus Say, 1823, here Boreocanthon ebenus (Say). La localidad tipo aproximada de Chrysina adelaida (Hope, 1841) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) se fija en las montañas del sureste de México. Chrysina occidentalis Robacker and Hawks se describe como una nueva especie de la Sierra Madre Occidental en el noroeste de México con base en comparaciones morfométricas de adultos y cápsulas genitales con las de C. adelaida del sureste de México y con las de C. adelaida (de los autores) de la vecina estados al sur de la Sierra Madre Occidental

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 25, Folk Festival Supplement

• Quilts, Quilts, Quilts • America\u27s Heritage is Endowed with Contributions of the Pennsylvania Dutch • The Hospitality Tent: H is for Help - That\u27s What it\u27s all About • Pottery: A Folk Art Expressing the Most in Simplest Terms • It Never Rains on our Parade - On the Fourth of July • Vegetable Dyeing at the Kutztown Folk Festival • Festival Focus • Folk Festival Program • Festival Foods: The Original Touch of the Dutch • Ursinus College Studies at the Festival • Behind the Scenes of We Like Our Country, But We Love Our God • Reverse Glass Tinsel Painting • Tin, Tole and Independencehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag/1069/thumbnail.jp

The Dutchman Vol. 7, No. 4

● Pennsylvania Gaudyware ● Pennsylvania Dutch Canada ● Giant Cider Press ● Pennsylvania Dutch Needlework ● The Pennsylvania German in Fiction ● Conewago Chapel ● Love Feasts ● Pennsylvania Dutch Pioneers ● The Zehn-uhr Schtickhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag/1007/thumbnail.jp

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 20, No. 4

• Flight of the Distelfink • The Newswangers, Interpreters of Amish Life • The Sorrow Song of Susanna Cox • Country Butcher: An Interview with Newton Bachman • Swing Your Partner : Folk Dancing at the Festival • Festival Highlights • Folk Festival Program • Leaving the Festival with Thoughts of Food • Spindrift: The Old Dog Churn • Candy Making in the Dutch Country • Gee, Haw and Geehaw • The Evil Eye in Philadelphia • The Country School: Folk-Cultural Questionnaire No. 20https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag/1044/thumbnail.jp

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 9, No. 4

• Dry Houses • Harvest Home • Golden Fields in the Golden Years • Illuminators, Scribes and Printers • John Drissel and His Boxes • Tick-Tock Time in Old Pennsylvania • About the Authors • Present Day Food Habits of the Pennsylvania Dutch • The Attitude of the Early Reformed Church Fathers Toward Worldly Amusementshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag/1003/thumbnail.jp

The 3-Hydroxy-2-Butanone Pathway Is Required for Pectobacterium carotovorum Pathogenesis

Pectobacterium species are necrotrophic bacterial pathogens that cause soft rot diseases in potatoes and several other crops worldwide. Gene expression data identified Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum budB, which encodes the α-acetolactate synthase enzyme in the 2,3-butanediol pathway, as more highly expressed in potato tubers than potato stems. This pathway is of interest because volatiles produced by the 2,3-butanediol pathway have been shown to act as plant growth promoting molecules, insect attractants, and, in other bacterial species, affect virulence and fitness. Disruption of the 2,3-butanediol pathway reduced virulence of P. c. subsp. carotovorum WPP14 on potato tubers and impaired alkalinization of growth medium and potato tubers under anaerobic conditions. Alkalinization of the milieu via this pathway may aid in plant cell maceration since Pectobacterium pectate lyases are most active at alkaline pH

Effects of Food Deprivation, Age, Time of Day, and Gamma Irradiation on Attraction of Mexican Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) to Two Synthetic Lures in a Wind Tunnel

The physiological condition of Mexican fruit flies, Anastrepha ludens (Loew), affected their attraction to 2 similar but qualitatively different synthetic lures in wind-tunnel bioassays. The 2 lures were BioLure (ammonium acetate and putrescine) and AMPu (ammonium carbonate, methylamine HCI, and putrescine) . Effects of food deprivation on attraction to the lures were smaller than the effects of sex, time of day, and irradiation. Sugar-fed, protein-starved flies were attracted more strongly than other hunger-status groups to the lures. Sugar-starved, protein-starved females were less responsive than other groups of females to AMPu. Protein-starved males were more responsive than protein-fed males to BioLure. Females were nearly twice as responsive as males to the lures. Both lures were more attractive to females early and late in the photophase and more attractive to males during midphotophase. Gamma irradiation of flies greatly reduced their attraction to both lures. Fly age from 6 to 17 dafter eclosion had little effect on attraction to the lures. AMPu was more than twice as attractive as BioLure summed over all wind-tunnel experiments. A field test using BioLure and AMPu on sticky traps confirmed the greater attractiveness of AMPu to laboratory-colony flies